Ukubunjwa kwe- izitena zodongwe

Izitena zodongwe ikakhulu zenziwe nge-mullite (25% -50%), isigaba seglasi (25% -60%), i-cristobalite kunye ne-quartz (ukuya kwi-30%). Ngokwesiqhelo udongwe oluqinileyo lusetyenziswa njengemathiriyeli ekrwada, izinto ezivuthiweyo kuqala zibalwa, emva koko udongwe oluthambileyo luxutywe nendlela eyomileyo okanye yeplastiki ukwenza iimveliso zezitena zodongwe. Iimveliso ezitshisiweyo kunye nezixhobo ze-amorphous. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiziko eziqhumayo, kwiziko elitshisayo, iziko lokufudumeza, iibhoyila zamandla, iikhilni zekalika, iitoni ezijikelezayo, iitoni zokudubula izitena zeceramic.