Ubushushu bonyango inkqubo eqhelekileyo

Inkqubo eqhelekileyo yinkqubo yokunyanga ukushisa apho intsimbi ifudumala ukuya kwi-30-50 ° C ngaphezu kwe-Ac3 (okanye i-Acm), ize ipholile emoyeni emva kwexesha elifanelekileyo lokugcinwa kobushushu. Ukufudumeza intsimbi ukuya kwi-100-150 ℃ ngaphezulu kwe-Ac3 kubizwa ngokuba yi-normalizing ebizwa ngokuba yi-high-temperature normalizing.

Eyona njongo iphambili yokuqhelanisa i-medium and low carbon steel castings kunye ne-forgings kukucokisa isakhiwo. Xa kuthelekiswa ne-annealing, i-pearlite lamellae kunye neengqolowa ze-ferrite emva kokuqhelekileyo zilungile, ngoko ke amandla kunye nobunzima buphezulu.

Ngenxa yobunzima obuphantsi bentsimbi ephantsi yekhabhoni emva kwe-annealing, i-phenomenon yokunamathela kwi-knife yenzeka ngexesha lokusika, kwaye ukusebenza kokusika kubi. Ngokwandisa ubulukhuni ngokuqhelanisa, ukusebenza kokusika kunokuphuculwa. Ezinye iinxalenye zentsimbi ephakathi kwekhabhoni zingatshintshwa ngokuqheleka kunye nokufudumeza ukwenza lula unyango lobushushu. umsebenzi wezandla.

Intsimbi ye-hypereutectoid iqhelekile kwaye ifudunyezwe ngemela ngaphezu kwe-Acm, ukwenzela ukuba i-cementite eyayiyi-mesh ekuqaleni ichithwa ngokupheleleyo kwi-austenite, kwaye ipholile ngesantya esikhawulezayo ukunqanda imvula ye-cementite kumda weenkozo ze-austenite, ngaloo ndlela Iyakwazi. ukuphelisa i-carbide yenethiwekhi kunye nokuphucula isakhiwo sentsimbi ye-hypereutectoid.

Amalungu adityanisiweyo afuna amandla e-weld aqhelekile ukuphucula ulwakhiwo lwe-weld kunye nokuqinisekisa amandla e-weld.

Ngethuba lenkqubo yokunyanga ukushisa, iindawo ezilungisiweyo kufuneka zibe yinto eqhelekileyo, kwaye iindawo zesakhiwo ezifuna izikhombisi zokusebenza zoomatshini kufuneka zibe ziqhelekileyo kwaye zicinywe kwaye zihlanjululwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusebenza komatshini. Emva kokuqhelekileyo, intsimbi ephakathi kunye nephezulu ye-alloy kunye ne-forgings enkulu kufuneka ihlanjululwe kwiqondo lokushisa eliphezulu ukuphelisa uxinzelelo lwangaphakathi oluveliswa ngexesha lokuqhelekileyo.

Ezinye iintsimbi ze-alloy zenza utshintsho lwe-martensitic inxalenye ngexesha lokubumba ukwenza izakhiwo ezinzima. Ukuze kupheliswe olu hlobo lombutho ombi, xa kwamkelwa isiqhelo, iqondo lobushushu eliqhelekileyo limalunga ne-20℃ ngaphezulu kobushushu obuqhelekileyo bokufudumeza ngokufudumeza nokugcina ubushushu.

Inkqubo yokulinganisa ilula, ehambelana nokuqhelekileyo kunye nokufudumala kwenkunkuma, oko kunokonga amandla kunye nokunciphisa umjikelo wemveliso.

Inkqubo engafanelekanga yokulinganisa kunye nokusebenza kwakhona kuvelisa iziphene zezicubu. Ngokufana ne-annealing, indlela yokunyanga iyafana.