Uyini umehluko phakathi kwe-alumina ceramics ne-corundum?

Induku ye-alumina ceramic

1. Izitsha zobumba ze-alumina;

I-alumina ceramics iyimpahla ye-ceramic ene-alumina (Al2O3) njengomzimba oyinhloko, esetshenziselwa amasekhethi ahlanganisiwe efilimu. Ama-ceramics e-alumina ane-conductivity enhle, amandla emishini kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi ukuhlanzwa kwe-ultrasonic kuyadingeka. I-Alumina ceramics iwuhlobo lwe-ceramics olunezinhlobonhlobo zokusetshenziswa. Ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu, isiye yasetshenziswa kabanzi emphakathini wanamuhla ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke nokusebenza okukhethekile.

Ishubhu ye-alumina ceramic

Izitsha ze-alumina ze-alumina ezihlanzekile ziyizinto ze-ceramic ezinokuqukethwe kwe-Al2O3 okungaphezu kuka-99.9%. Ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokushisa labo elishisayo liphezulu njenge-1650-1990 ℃, futhi ubude begagasi bokudlulisela bungu-1 kuya ku-6 μm, ngokuvamile zenziwa ngengilazi encibilikisiwe ukuze zithathe indawo ye-platinum crucibles; sebenzisa ukudluliswa kwayo kokukhanya Ingasetshenziswa njengeshubhu lesibani se-sodium, futhi ingasetshenziswa njenge-substrate yesifunda ehlanganisiwe kanye ne-high-frequency insulating material embonini ye-electronics.

Ama-alumina ceramics ajwayelekile ahlukaniswa abe yi-porcelain engama-99, i-porcelain engama-95, i-porcelain engama-90, i-porcelain engama-85 nezinye izinhlobo ngokusho kokuqukethwe okuhlukile kwe-Al2O3. Kwesinye isikhathi lezo ezinokuqukethwe okungu-80% noma okungu-75% kwe-Al2O3 nazo zihlukaniswa njengochungechunge olujwayelekile lwe-alumina ceramic. Phakathi kwazo, i-99 alumina porcelain isetshenziselwa ukwenza ama-crucibles okushisa aphezulu, amashubhu omlilo aphikisayo kanye nezinto ezikhethekile ezivimbela ukugqokwa, njengama-ceramic bearings, izimpawu ze-ceramic nama-valve discs amanzi; I-95 alumina porcelain isetshenziswa kakhulu njengezingxenye ezimelana nokugqwala nezingagugi; 85 i-porcelain Ngenxa yokuthi ngokuvamile ixutshwa ne-talc ethile, ukusebenza kukagesi namandla emishini kuyathuthukiswa, futhi ingavalwa ngezinsimbi ezifana ne-molybdenum, i-niobium, ne-tantalum, kanti ezinye zisetshenziswa njengezisetshenziswa zikagesi zokufutha.

2. Corundum;

I-Corundum, igama layo livela eNdiya, igama le-mineralogical. Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-homogeneity ye-corundum Al2O3, okuyi-α-Al2O3, β-Al2O3, ne-γ-Al2O3. Ukuqina kwe-corundum kungokwesibili kuphela kwedayimane. I-Corundum isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi izinto ezi-abrasive zebanga eliphezulu, izinto zokuthwala zobumba zamawashi kanye nemishini yobumba enembayo. Ikristalu yokwenziwa esekwe kuRuby njengento ekhipha i-laser. Amarubi namasafire womabili amaminerali e-corundum. Ngaphandle komphumela wokukhanya kwenkanyezi, i-corundum ekhanyayo kuphela nenemibala egqamile ingasetshenziswa njengamatshe ayigugu. Umbala obomvu ubizwa ngokuthi i-ruby, kuyilapho eminye imibala ye-corundum ihlangene ibizwa ngokuthi isafire ebhizinisini.

Igama elithi Corundum lisuselwa kwelaseNdiya futhi igama le-mineralogical. Abafaneleke ngokwe gemologically babizwa ngokuthi iRuby neSapphire. IMyanmar, iSri Lanka, iThailand, iVietnam, neCambodia zingabahlinzeki ababaluleke kakhulu bamarubi namasafire ekhwalithi ephezulu emhlabeni. Amanye amazwe akhiqizayo ahlanganisa iChina, Australia, United States, kanye neTanzania.

I-Corundum iyitshe eliyigugu elakhiwe ngamakristalu e-alumina (Al2O3). I-Corundum exutshwe ne-metallic chromium ibomvu ngokugqamile futhi ngokuvamile ibizwa ngokuthi i-ruby; kuyilapho i-corundum eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma engenambala ngokuvamile ihlukaniswa njengesafire.

I-Corundum ikleliswe endaweni yesi-9 kuthebula lokuqina le-Mohs. Amandla adonsela phansi athile angu-4.00, futhi inesakhiwo selathisi sekholomu eyi-hexagonal. Ngokuqina kwe-corundum kanye nenani layo eliphansi kunedayimane, isiphenduke into enhle ye-sandpaper namathuluzi okugaya.

I-Corundum ine-glass luster kanye nobunzima be-9. Ingxenye ingu-3.95-4.10. Yakheka ngaphansi kwezimo zokushisa okuphezulu, i-aluminium ecebile kanye ne-silicon C empofu, futhi ihlobene kakhulu ne-magmatism, i-metamorphism yokuxhumana kanye ne-metamorphism yesifunda.

I-Corundum iyimpahla eyenziwe ngumuntu eyenziwe nge-bauxite njengento eluhlaza eyinhloko esithandweni somlilo sezimayini. Ingasetshenziswa njengento e-abrasive ne-refractory. I-corundum emhlophe enokuhlanzeka okuphezulu ibizwa ngokuthi i-corundum emhlophe, futhi i-corundum ensundu enenani elincane lokungcola ibizwa ngokuthi i-brown corundum.