Mfundo yogwirira ntchito yopangira zida zamoto zosungunulira: thyristor

Pogwira ntchito ya khalidal T, anode A yake ndi cathode K amalumikizidwa ndi magetsi ndi katundu kuti apange gawo lalikulu la thyristor, ndipo chipata G ndi cathode K cha thyristor ndizolumikizidwa ndi chida chowongolera thyristor kuti apange dera loyang’anira la kumanama.

Ntchito zinthu thyristor:

1. Thyristor yanu ikakhala ndi anode voltage yabwino, thyristor imatsegulidwa pokhapokha chipata chikakhala ndi magetsi abwino. Pakadali pano, thyristor ili patsogolo pakuyendetsa, yomwe ndi mawonekedwe a thyristor, omwe amatha kuwongoleredwa.

2. Pamene thyristor yatsegulidwa, bola ngati pali mphamvu inayake ya anode voltage, mosasamala kanthu zamagetsi amtundu wa chipata, thyristor imakhalabe, ndiye kuti, atatsegulidwa, chipata chimatha kugwira ntchito. Chipata chimangokhala ngati choyambitsa

3. Pamene thyristor yatsegulidwa, pamene magetsi oyendetsa dera (kapena pano) amachepetsa kutseka mpaka zero, thyristor imazimitsa.

4. Pamene thyristor imakhala ndi anode voltage yotsutsana, mosasamala kanthu za magetsi omwe chipatacho chimanyamula, thyristor ili kumbuyo komwe kumatchinga.

M’ng’anjo yapakatikati, nthawi yotsekemera yotsekera mkati mwa ma microseconds a KP-60, ndipo mbali ya inverter imatseka kwakanthawi kochepa mkati mwa ma microseconds a KK-30. Uku ndiye kusiyana kwakukulu pakati pa machubu a KP ndi KK. Thyristor T ndi anode yake panthawi yogwira ntchito. A ndi cathode K amalumikizidwa ndi magetsi ndi katundu kuti apange gawo lalikulu la thyristor. Chipata cha G ndi cathode K cha thyristor chimalumikizidwa ndi chida chowongolera thyristor kuti chikhale gawo loyang’anira la thyristor.

Kuchokera pakuwunika kwamkati kwa njira yogwiritsira ntchito thyristor: The thyristor ndichida chosanjikiza chachinayi chotengera. Ili ndi mphambano zitatu za PN, J1, J2, ndi J3. Chithunzi 1. NP pakati ingagawidwe magawo awiri kuti apange transistor yamtundu wa PNP ndi transistor yamtundu wa NPN. Chithunzi 2 Pomwe thyristor ili ndi ma anode voltage abwino, kuti apange thyristor kuyendetsa mkuwa, mphambano ya PN J2 yomwe imanyamula mphamvu yamagetsi iyenera kutaya mphamvu yake. Wosonkhanitsa wamakono wa transistor aliyense mu chiwerengerochi ndiye m’munsi mwa transistor wina.

Chifukwa chake, ngati pali chipata chokwanira Ig kuti chiziyenda m’madongosolo awiri ophatikizika omwe amaphatikizana, mayankho olimba adzapangidwa, ndikupangitsa kuti ma transistor awiri akhale okwanira ndikuwongolera, ndipo ma transistors amakhala okhuta ndikuwongolera. Tiyerekeze kuti wokhometsa pano wa PNP chubu ndi chubu la NPN zikugwirizana ndi Ic1 ndi Ic2; zotulutsira zikufanana ndi Ia ndi Ik; coefficient yomwe ikupezeka pano ikufanana ndi a1 = Ic1 / Ia ndi a2 = Ic2 / Ik, ndipo gawo lobwezera likuyenda mumphambano wa J2 Zomwe zilipo pakadali pano ndi Ic0, ndipo nthawi ya anode ya thyristor ndiyofanana ndi kuchuluka kwa osonkhanitsa pano ndi kutayikira kwamachubu awiri: Ia = Ic1 Ic2 Ic0 kapena Ia = a1Ia a2Ik Ic0 Ngati chipata chamtunduwu ndi Ig, thyristor cathode pano ndi Ik = Ia Ig, chifukwa chake Titha kunena kuti anode wa thyristor ndi : 0 akuwonetsedwa pa Chithunzi 2.

Pamene thyristor ili ndi magetsi abwino a anode ndipo chipata sichinayendetsedwe pamagetsi, mu chilinganizo (1-1), Ig = 0, (a1 a2) ndi chochepa kwambiri, chifukwa chake anode wa thyristor Ia≈Ic0 ndi thyristor yatsekedwa motsimikiza Ku dziko lotsekereza. Thyristor ikakhala pamagetsi abwino a anode, Ig yomwe ilipo ikuyenda kuchokera pachipata G. Popeza Ig yayikulu ikudutsa munjira yolumikizirana ya chubu ya NPN, choyambira chamakono champhamvu cha a2 chikuwonjezeka, ndipo ma elekitirodi okwanira okwanira pano a Ic2 amadutsa chubu cha PNP. Ikuwonjezeranso kukulitsa kwamakono a1 kwa chubu la PNP, ndikupanga ikulu ikulu yamagetsi yamagetsi ya Ic1 yomwe imadutsa pamphambano ya NPN chubu.

Njira zabwino zoterezi zimachitika mwachangu.

Pamene a1 ndi a2 zikuchulukirachulukira ndikutulutsa kwaposachedwa komanso (a1 a2) ≈ 1, zipembedzo 1- (a1 a2) ≈ 0 mu chilinganizo (1-1), ndikuwonjezera mphamvu ya Iode ya thyristor. Pakadali pano, imadutsa Pakadali pano pa thyristor imatsimikizika kwathunthu ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yayikulu komanso kukana kwa dera. A thyristor ali kale patsogolo. Momwemo (1-1), thyristor ikatsegulidwa, 1- (a1 a2) -0, ngakhale chipata cha Ig = 0 pakadali pano, thyristor imatha kukhalabe ndi anode woyambirira Ia ndikupitilizabe kuchita .

Pambuyo poyimitsa thyristor, chipatacho chataya ntchito. Pambuyo poti thyristor itsegulidwe, ngati magetsi azitha kuchepetsedwa mosalekeza kapena kulumikizana kwazowonjezera kumachepetsa anode wamakono Ia mpaka kutsika kwa IH, chifukwa a1 ndi a1 imatsika mwachangu, pamene 1- (a1 a2) ≈ 0 , Theristristor akubwerera kudziko lotsekereza.