Imbali yophuhliso ye-epoxy glass fiber drawing intonga inokunqwenela ukujonga ezi.

Iglasi Epoxy ifayibha umzobo intonga yenziwe ngefayibha ye-aramid ephezulu yokuqina kunye nefiber yeglasi efakwe kwi-epoxy resin matrix ngobushushu obuphezulu bepultrusion. Ineempawu zamandla aphezulu kakhulu, ukuxhathisa okugqwesileyo kokunxiba, ukuxhathisa kweasidi kunye nealkali, ukumelana nokugqwala kunye nokunye ukumelana nobushushu obuphezulu. Iimveliso zifanelekile kwizityalo ze-aluminiyam ye-electrolytic, izityalo zentsimbi, izixhobo ze-metallurgical zobushushu obuphezulu, izixhobo zombane ze-UHV, imimandla ye-aerospace, i-transformers, i-capacitors, i-reactors, i-high-voltage switches kunye nezinye izixhobo zombane eziphezulu.

Kwangoko ngo-1872, i-chemist yaseJamani u-A.Bayer waqala wafumanisa ukuba i-phenol kunye ne-formaldehyde inokukhawuleza ukwenza amaqhuma abomvu-mdaka okanye izinto ezibonakalayo xa zishushu phantsi kweemeko ze-acidic, kodwa uvavanyo lwayekwa ngenxa yokuba alunakucocwa ngeendlela zakudala. Emva kwenkulungwane yama-20, i-phenol ifunyenwe ngobuninzi obukhulu kwitela yamalahle, kwaye i-formaldehyde nayo iveliswa ngobuninzi njengento yokulondoloza. Ke ngoko, imveliso yokusabela kwezi zimbini inomtsalane ngakumbi. Kuyathenjwa ukuba kunokwenziwa iimveliso eziluncedo, nangona abantu abaninzi bechithe umsebenzi omninzi kulo. , Kodwa akukho namnye kubo ophumelele iziphumo ezilindelekileyo.

Ngo-1904, i-Baekeland kunye nabancedisi bakhe nabo benza olu phando. Injongo yokuqala yayikukwenza ivanishi yokugquma endaweni yentlaka yendalo. Emva kweminyaka emithathu yomsebenzi onzima, ekugqibeleni ehlotyeni ka-1907, akuzange kuveliswe ivanishi yokukhusela kuphela. Kwaye kwavelisa izinto zeplastiki zokwenziwa ngokwenene-Bakelite, eyaziwayo “bakelite”, “bakelite” okanye phenolic resin.

Nje ukuba i-Bakelite iphume, abavelisi bakhawuleza bafumanisa ukuba ayinakukwazi ukwenza kuphela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zeemveliso zokufakelwa kombane, kodwa nokwenza iimfuno zemihla ngemihla. U-Edison (T. Edison) wayesebenzisa ukwenza iirekhodi, kwaye ngokukhawuleza wabhengeza kwintengiso: Yenze amawaka eemveliso kunye neBakelite. Iimveliso ezinjalo, ngoko ke ukuveliswa kwe-Baekeland kwanconywa njenge “alchemy” yekhulu lama-20.

Usokhemisti waseJamani uBeyer naye wenza igalelo elikhulu ekusetyenzisweni kwe-bakelite.

Ngenye imini ngo-1905, usokhemisti waseJamani uBeyer wenza umfuniselo kwi-phenol kunye ne-formaldehyde kwiflaski, wafumanisa ukuba kuye kwavela into encangathi kuyo. Wayihlamba ngamanzi kwaye akazange akwazi ukuyihlamba. Endaweni yoko, wasebenzisa ipetroli, utywala kunye nezinye iikhemikhali eziphilayo. I-solvent, ayikasebenzi. Oku kwenza ukuba ingqondo kaBeyere ibe nzima. Kamva, wazama konke okusemandleni akhe ukuyisusa le nto “icaphukisayo”. UBeyere uphefumlele phezulu wayijula ​​emgqomeni wenkunkuma. ngaphakathi.

Kwiintsuku ezimbalwa kamva, uBeyere wayesele eza kulahla izinto ezazikuloo mgqomo wenkunkuma. Ngeli xesha, waphinda wabona iqhekeza. Umphezulu wawumtyibilizi kwaye umenyezela, unobuhle obukhazimlayo. UBeyere wayikhupha enomdla. Emva kokuba itshiswe emlilweni, ayizange iphinde ithambe, yawa phantsi, ayizange iphuke, yayibona ngesarha, yasarha kakuhle, kwaye iBeyer ebukhali yacinga ngoko nangoko ukuba le inokuba luhlobo lwezinto ezintsha ezilungileyo kakhulu. .