Yintoni i ukuqina komphezulu?

Ukucima umphezulu kunye nokufudumala unyango lobushushu ngokuqhelekileyo luqhutywa ngokufudumeza kwe-induction okanye ukushisa kwedangatye. Ezona parameters zobugcisa bubunzima bomphezulu, ubulukhuni bendawo kunye nobunzulu obusebenzayo bomaleko. Ukuvavanywa kobulukhuni kunokusebenzisa iVickers tester yokuqina, iRockwell okanye umvavanyi wobulukhuni beRockwell ongaphezulu nawo unokusetyenzwa. Ukhetho lwamandla ovavanyo (isikali) lunxulumene nobunzulu obuqinileyo bomaleko kunye nokuqina komphezulu wesixhobo sokusebenza. Zintathu iindidi zabavavanyi bobulukhuni ababandakanyekayo apha.

1. Umvavanyi wobulukhuni beVickers yindlela ebalulekileyo yokuvavanya ubulukhuni bomphezulu wezixhobo zokusebenza eziphathwe ngubushushu. Inokukhetha amandla ovavanyo lwe-0.5-100kg ukuvavanya umgangatho owenziwe lukhuni njengobuncinci njenge-0.05mm. Ukuchaneka kwayo kuphezulu kwaye kunokwahlula umphezulu womsebenzi owenziwe ngobushushu. Umahluko omncinci wokuqina. Ukongeza, ubunzulu obuqinileyo bomaleko kufuneka buchongwe ngumvavanyi wobulukhuni beVickers. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukuxhobisa umvavanyi wobulukhuni beVickers kwiiyunithi ezenza unyango lobushushu bomphezulu okanye zisebenzise inani elikhulu lemisebenzi yonyango yobushushu bomhlaba.

2. Umphezulu we-Rockwell umvavanyi wobulukhuni nawo ufanelekile kakhulu ukuvavanya ubulukhuni beendawo zokusebenza ezicinyiweyo. Umvavanyi wobulukhuni beRockwell umphezulu unezikali ezintathu onokukhetha kuzo. Inokuvavanya iindawo ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza eziqinileyo ezinobunzulu obusebenzayo obungaphezulu kwe-0.1mm. Nangona ukuchaneka komvavanyi wobulukhuni beRockwell awukho phezulu njengalowo we-Vickers tester hardness, iye yakwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno njengendlela yokulawula umgangatho kunye nokuhlolwa kwesiqinisekiso sezityalo zonyango lobushushu. Ngaphezu koko, ineempawu zokusebenza okulula, ukusetyenziswa okufanelekileyo, ixabiso eliphantsi, umlinganiselo okhawulezayo, kunye nokufunda ngokuthe ngqo kwexabiso lobunzima. Umvavanyi wobulukhuni be-Rockwell umphezulu unokukhawuleza kwaye ungonakalisi iibhetshi zomphezulu womsebenzi ophethwe bubushushu. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu kwimveliso yesinyithi kunye nezityalo zokwenza oomatshini.

3. Xa umphezulu unyango ubushushu lukhuni umaleko ashinyeneyo, Rockwell ubulukhuni tester ingasetyenziswa. Xa ubukhulu bomgangatho owenziwe ngobushushu buphakathi kwe-0.4 kunye ne-0.8mm, isikali se-HRA sinokusetyenziswa, kwaye xa ubukhulu bomgangatho obunzima budlula i-0.8mm, isikali se-HRC sinokusetyenziswa.

Amaxabiso amathathu obunzima beVickers, iRockwell kunye neSurface Rockwell inokuguqulwa ngokulula enye kwenye kwaye iguqulelwe kumaxabiso obunzima obufunwa yimigangatho, imizobo okanye abasebenzisi. Itheyibhile yokuguqulwa ehambelanayo inikwe kumgangatho wamazwe ngamazwe we-ISO, umgangatho waseMelika we-ASTM kunye nomgangatho waseTshayina we-GB/T.