Je! unajua polima kwenye ubao wa insulation ya polima?

The polymer in the polymer insulation board is also called a polymer. The polymer is composed of long-chain molecules with a large molecular weight. The molecular weight of the polymer ranges from thousands to hundreds of thousands or even millions. Most polymer compounds are a mixture of many homologs with different relative molecular masses, so the relative molecular mass of a polymer compound is the average relative molecular weight. Macromolecular compounds are made up of thousands of atoms connected to each other by covalent bonds. Although their relative molecular mass is very large, they are all connected by simple structural units and repetitive ways.

The molecular weight of a polymer ranges from several thousand to several hundred thousand or even several million, and the number of atoms contained is generally over tens of thousands, and these atoms are connected by covalent bonds.

Mchanganyiko wa molekuli ya juu ina uzito mkubwa wa Masi, na nguvu ya intermolecular ni tofauti sana na ile ya molekuli ndogo, kwa hiyo ina nguvu ya juu ya kipekee, ugumu wa juu, na elasticity ya juu. Wakati atomi katika kiwanja cha polima zimeunganishwa kwenye molekuli ndefu ya mstari, inaitwa polima ya mstari (kama vile molekuli ya polyethilini). Polima hii inaweza kuyeyushwa inapokanzwa, na inaweza kufutwa katika kutengenezea kufaa.

Wakati atomi katika kiwanja cha polima zimeunganishwa katika umbo la mstari lakini zina matawi marefu, zinaweza pia kuyeyushwa zinapokanzwa na kufutwa katika kutengenezea kufaa. Ikiwa atomi katika kiwanja cha polima zimeunganishwa ili kuunda mtandao, polima hii pia inaitwa polima ya wingi kwa sababu kwa ujumla si muundo wa sayari bali ni muundo wa pande tatu. Polima yenye umbo la mwili haiwezi kuyeyuka inapokanzwa, lakini inaweza tu kuwa laini; haiwezi kuyeyushwa katika kutengenezea chochote, na inaweza tu kuvimba katika baadhi ya vimumunyisho.

Macromolecular compounds exist in large quantities in nature, and such polymers are called natural polymers. In the biological world, the proteins and cellulose that make up the organism; the nucleic acids that carry biological genetic information; the starch in food, the cotton, wool, silk, hemp, wood, rubber, etc., which are raw materials for clothing, are all natural polymers. In the non-biological world, such as feldspar, quartz, diamond, etc., are all inorganic polymers.

Polima za asili zinaweza kusindika kwa njia ya kemikali kuwa derivatives ya polima asilia, na hivyo kubadilisha utendaji wao wa usindikaji na utumiaji. Kwa mfano, nitrocellulose, mpira vulcanized, nk Polima synthesized kabisa na mbinu bandia kuchukua nafasi muhimu katika sayansi ya polima. Aina hii ya macromolecule hutolewa na molekuli moja au kadhaa ndogo kama malighafi kwa njia ya mmenyuko wa upolimishaji au mmenyuko wa upolimishaji wa condensation, hivyo pia huitwa polima. Molekuli ndogo zinazotumiwa kama malighafi huitwa monoma, kama vile polyethilini (polima) kutoka kwa ethilini (monoma) kupitia upolimishaji wa kuongeza; kutoka kwa ethylene glycol (monomer) na asidi ya terephthalic (monomer) kupitia mmenyuko wa polycondensation Inazalisha terephthalate ya polyethilini (polymer).

Muundo wa polima unaweza kugawanywa katika muundo wa mnyororo, muundo wa mtandao na muundo wa mwili.