Epoxy pombi vagadziri vanotsanangura hunhu hweakasiyana insulating zvinhu:

Pane marudzi akawanda e insulating materials, iyo inogona kukamurwa muzvikamu zvitatu: gasi, mvura uye yakasimba. Inowanzo shandiswa gasi insulating zvinhu zvinosanganisira mhepo, nitrogen, uye sulfur hexafluoride insulating PC mafirimu. Liquid insulating zvinhu zvinonyanya zvinosanganisira mineral insulating oiri uye synthetic insulating oiri (silicone mafuta, dodecylbenzene, polyisobutylene, isopropyl biphenyl, diarylethane, nezvimwewo). Solid insulating zvinhu zvinogona kukamurwa kuita mapoka maviri: organic uye inorganic. Organic yakasimba insulating zvinhu zvinosanganisira insulating pendi, insulating glue, insulating bepa, insulating fiber zvigadzirwa, mapurasitiki, rabha, varnished varnished pombi uye insulating inpregnated faibha zvigadzirwa, emagetsi mafirimu, composite zvigadzirwa uye anonamira matepi, magetsi laminates, nezvimwewo Inorganic solid insulating zvinhu kunyanya. zvinosanganisira mica, girazi, ceramics uye zvigadzirwa zvavo. Kusiyana neizvi, yakasimba insulating zvinhu zvakasiyana uye zvakanyanya kukosha.

Michina yemagetsi yakasiyana ine zvido zvakasiyana zvekushanda kwezvinhu zvinodzivirira. Insulation zvinhu zveakakwira-voltage magetsi emagetsi akadai seakakwira-voltage motors uye high-voltage tambo dzinodiwa kuti dzive nekupwanya kwesimba uye kuderera kwe dielectric kurasikirwa. Low-voltage magetsi midziyo inotora mechanical simba, elongation pazororo, kupisa giredhi giredhi, etc. sezvo chikuru zvinodiwa.

Iwo macroscopic zvimiro zvezvidziviriro zvemidziyo zvakaita semagetsi zvivakwa, zvivakwa zvinopisa, zvimisikidzo, makemikari kuramba, kuramba kwemamiriro ekunze, corrosion resistance uye zvimwe zvivakwa zvine hukama nehukama hwayo hwemakemikari uye chimiro chemolecular. Inorganic solid insulating zvinhu zvinonyanya kuumbwa nesilicon, boron uye akasiyana simbi oxides, kunyanya ionic chimiro, chinhu chikuru ndechekupisa kupisa, tembiricha yekushanda inowanzopfuura 180 ℃, kugadzikana kwakanaka, kuramba kuchembera kwemuchadenga, kuramba Yakanaka kemikari zvivakwa uye kushanda kwenguva refu kwekukwegura pasi pechiito chemunda wemagetsi; asi yakakwirira brittleness, kuderera kwesimba simba, high pressure resistance uye low tensile simba; umhizha husina kunaka. Organic zvinhu zvinowanzove mapolymer ane avhareji yemamorekuru huremu pakati pe104 ne106, uye kupisa kwavo kupisa kunowanzo kuderera pane izvo zvemukati mezvinhu. Kupisa kwekudzivirira kwezvinhu zvine zvindori zvinonhuhwirira, heterocycles uye zvinhu zvakaita sesilicon, titanium, uye fluorine kwakakwira kupfuura izvo zvegeneral linear polymer zvinhu.

Izvo zvakakosha zvinokanganisa dielectric maitiro e insulating zvinhu ndeye simba re molecular polarity uye zviri mukati me polar components. Iyo dielectric inogara uye dielectric kurasikirwa kwezvinhu zvepolar zvakakwirira pane izvo zvisiri-polar zvinhu, uye zviri nyore kushambadza kusachena ion kuti iwedzere conductivity uye kuderedza dielectric yayo. Naizvozvo, kutarisisa kunofanirwa kubhadharwa kune hutsanana mukugadzira nzira yekugadzira insulating zvinhu kudzivirira kusvibiswa. Dielectrics ye capacitors inoda yakakwirira dielectric constants kuti ivandudze maitiro avo chaiwo.