Kuvandudzwa Kwemazuva Ano kweInisulating Materials

Zvinhu zvekutanga zvekuisa insulating zvakashandiswa zvaive zvigadzirwa zvechisikigo zvakaita sedonje, sirika, mica, uye rabha. Pakutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, the Industrial synthetic plastiki phenolic resin yakatanga kubuda, iyo ine zvinhu zvakanaka zvemagetsi uye kupisa kwakanyanya. Gare gare, urea-formaldehyde resins uye alkyd resins ane mashandiro ari nani akaonekwa imwe mushure meimwe. Kubuda kwe trichlorobiphenyl synthetic insulating oiri kwaita kusvetuka muhunhu chaihwo hwemagetsi capacitor (asi yakamiswa sezvo ichikuvadza hutano hwevanhu). Sulfur hexafluoride yakagadzirwawo panguva imwecheteyo.

Kubva kuma1930s, zvinhu zvekugadzira insulating zvakakura nekukurumidza, kunyanya zvinosanganisira acetal resin, neoprene, polyvinyl chloride, styrene-butadiene rubber, polyamide, melamine, polyethylene uye polytetrafluoroethylene, iyo inonzi mambo wemapurasitiki ane hunyanzvi hwekuita. Mira. Kubuda kwezvinhu izvi zvekugadzira kwakaita basa guru mukugadzirwa kwemagetsi emagetsi. Semuenzaniso, acetal enameled waya inoshandiswa mumotokari kuvandudza tembiricha yayo yekushanda uye kuvimbika, nepo vhoriyamu uye uremu hwemota zvakadzikiswa zvakanyanya. Iko kubudirira kusimudzira kwegirazi fiber uye bhandi rayo rakarukwa uye synthesis yesilicone resin yakawedzera kupisa kwekupisa kweH kirasi kune iyo mota insulation.

Mushure memakore ekuma1940, polyester isina unsaturated uye epoxy resin yakabuda. Kuonekwa kwepoda mica bepa kunoita kuti vanhu vabvise dambudziko rekushomeka kwemashizha emica zviwanikwa.

Kubva kuma1950s, zvinhu zvitsva zvakavakirwa pamasynthetic resin zvave zvichishandiswa zvakanyanya, senge unsaturated polyester uye epoxy insulating adhesives yekumisikidza epamusoro-voltage mota coils. Polyester akateedzana zvigadzirwa zvinoshandiswa mumotokari slot lining insulation, enameled waya uye impregnating varnish, uye E-kirasi uye B-kirasi yakaderera-voltage mota insulation yakagadziridzwa, iyo inowedzera kudzikisa huwandu uye huremu hwemota. Sulfur hexafluoride yakatanga kushandiswa mumidziyo yemagetsi yakakwira-voltage, ikaita kuti ikudziridze yakanangana nehombe-capacity miniaturization. Iko kuvharwa kwemhepo kweanopwanya edunhu uye mafuta uye pepa kuvharwa kweshanduko zvinotsiviwa zvishoma nesarufa hexafluoride.

Mumakore ekuma1960, marenzi anodzivirira kupisa ane heterocyclic uye zvindori zvinonhuhwirira zvakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya, senge polyimide, polyaramide, polyarylsulfone, polyphenylene sulfide uye zvimwe zvinhu zviri zveH-level uye yakakwirira-inodzivirira kupisa mamakisi. Iko kusanganiswa kwezvinhu izvi zvinodzivirira kupisa kwakagadzira mamiriro akanaka ekuvandudzwa kweF-kirasi uye H-kirasi mota mune ramangwana. Mafirimu epolypropylene akashandiswawo zvakabudirira mumagetsi capacitors panguva iyi.

Kubva kuma1970, kwave netsvakiridzo shoma pakugadzirwa kwezvinhu zvitsva. Munguva iyi, shanduko dzakasiyana-siyana dzainyanya kuitwa kune zvinhu zviripo uye chiyero chekushandisa chakawedzerwa. Mineral insulating oiri inonatswa nenzira itsva dzekudzikisa kurasikirwa kwavo; epoxy mica insulation yakaita kuvandudzwa kwakawanda mukuvandudza zvimiro zvayo zvemuchina uye kuwana kusave nemhepo mikaha yekuvandudza magetsi ayo. Simba capacitors shanduko kubva papepa-firimu inoumbwa chimiro kune yakazara-firimu chimiro. 1000 kV UHV tambo dzemagetsi dzakatanga kudzidza kutsiva echinyakare echinyakare faibha bepa nekugadzira bepa insulation. Kusvibisa-isina insulating zvinhu zvakagadzirawo nekukurumidza kubva kuma1970, sekushandisa isiri-chepfu yepakati isopropyl biphenyl nemafuta ester kutsiva chepfu yepakati chlorinated biphenyl, uye kuwedzera kwependi isina solvent. Nekuzivikanwa kwemidziyo yemumba, tsaona huru dzemoto dzinowanzoitika nekuda kwemoto wemidziyo yavo inodzivirira, saka tsvakiridzo yezvinhu zvinodzoreredza moto yakwezva kutarisa.