Ukuthuthukiswa Kwakamuva Kwezinto Zokugqumisa

Izinto zokuqala zokuvikela ezasetshenziswa kwakuyimikhiqizo yemvelo efana ukotini, usilika, i-mica, nerabha. Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, i- zokwenziwa zezimboni I-plastic phenolic resin yaqala ukuphuma, enezindawo ezinhle zikagesi kanye nokumelana nokushisa okuphezulu. Kamuva, ama-urea-formaldehyde resins nama-alkyd resins asebenza kangcono avela ngokulandelana. Ukuvela kwamafutha e-trichlorobiphenyl synthetic insulating kwenze ukugxuma ezicini ezithile zama-capacitor amandla (kodwa kumisiwe njengoba kuyingozi empilweni yomuntu). I-Sulfur hexafluoride nayo yahlanganiswa ngesikhathi esifanayo.

Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1930s, izinto zokwenziwa zokuvikela imvelo ziye zathuthuka ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi okuhlanganisa i-acetal resin, i-neoprene, i-polyvinyl chloride, irabha ye-styrene-butadiene, i-polyamide, i-melamine, i-polyethylene ne-polytetrafluoroethylene, ebizwa ngokuthi inkosi yamapulasitiki asebenza kahle kakhulu. Linda. Ukuvela kwalezi zinto zokwenziwa kuye kwadlala indima enkulu ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe kagesi. Isibonelo, i-acetal enameled wire isetshenziswa emotweni ukuthuthukisa izinga lokushisa nokusebenza kwayo nokuthembeka, kuyilapho ivolumu nesisindo semoto kuncipha kakhulu. Ukuthuthukiswa okuyimpumelelo kwe-glass fibre kanye nebhande lalo elilukiwe kanye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-silicone resin kwengeze izinga lokumelana nokushisa lesigaba H ekufakweni kwemoto.

Ngemuva kweminyaka yawo-1940, kwaphuma i-polyester engagcwele kanye ne-epoxy resin. Ukubonakala kwephepha le-powder mica kwenza abantu basuse usizi lokushoda kwezinsiza ze-mica sheet.

Kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1950s, izinto ezintsha ezisekelwe kuma-synthetic resins bezisetshenziswa kabanzi, njenge-polyester engagcwalisiwe kanye ne-epoxy insulating adhesives ukuze kufakwe amakhoyili emoto enamandla amakhulu. Imikhiqizo yochungechunge lwe-polyester isetshenziswa ku-motor slot lining insulation, i-enameled wire kanye ne-varnish yokumilisa, futhi kwakhiwe i-E-class kanye ne-B-class low-voltage motor insulation, okuqhubeka kwehlisa ivolumu nesisindo semoto. I-Sulfur hexafluoride yaqala ukusetshenziswa ezintweni zikagesi ezine-voltage ephezulu, futhi yayenza yathuthukela ekusetshenzisweni okuncane komthamo omkhulu. Ukufakwa komoya kwama-breaker circuit kanye nokufakwa kwamafutha nephepha kwama-transformer kuthathelwe indawo yi-sulphur hexafluoride.

Ngeminyaka yawo-1960, ama-resin amelana nokushisa aqukethe izindandatho ze-heterocyclic kanye nephunga elimnandi athuthukiswe kakhulu, njenge-polyimide, i-polyaramide, i-polyarylsulfone, i-polyphenylene sulfide nezinye izinto ezingezinga le-H kanye namabanga aphezulu amelana nokushisa. Ukuhlanganiswa kwalezi zinto ezikwazi ukumelana nokushisa kudale izimo ezivumayo zokuthuthukiswa kwamamotho e-F-class kanye ne-H-class esikhathini esizayo. Amafilimu e-polypropylene nawo asetshenziswa ngempumelelo kuma-capacitor amandla ngalesi sikhathi.

Kusukela ngawo-1970, kuye kwaba nocwaningo oluncane ngokuqhathaniswa nokuthuthukiswa kwezinto ezintsha. Ngalesi sikhathi, ukuguqulwa okuhlukahlukene kwenziwa ikakhulukazi ezintweni ezikhona futhi ububanzi bokufaka isicelo bandiswa. Amafutha okuvikela amaminerali acwengwa ngezindlela ezintsha zokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwawo; I-epoxy mica insulation yenze intuthuko eminingi ekuthuthukiseni izakhiwo zayo zemishini futhi ingatholi zikhala zomoya ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zayo zikagesi. Ama-capacitor amandla ashintsha ukusuka esakhiweni esiyinhlanganisela yephepha-ifilimu ukuya esakhiweni esigcwele ifilimu. Izintambo zikagesi ezingu-1000 kV UHV zaqala ukutadisha ukushintshwa kwephepha lendabuko lefiber yemvelo ngokufakwa kwamaphepha okwenziwa. Izinto zokugqumisa ezingangcoliswanga zithuthuke ngokushesha kusukela ngeminyaka yawo-1970s, njengokusetshenziswa kwe-isopropyl biphenyl ephakathi nendawo kanye nowoyela we-ester esikhundleni se-biphenyl ene-chlorinated ephakathi nendawo enobuthi, nokunwetshwa kopende ongancibiliki. Ngokuthandwa kwemishini yasendlini, izingozi ezinkulu zomlilo zivame ukwenzeka ngenxa yomlilo wezinto zabo zokuvikela ukushisa, ngakho ucwaningo lwezinto ezivimbela ilangabi luye lwadonsa ukunaka.