Iingxaki ezahlukeneyo zomgangatho wobume bekhabhoni calciner kunye namanyathelo abo okuthintela

Iingxaki kunye nokuthintela kwinkqubo ye-carbon calcining i-masonry yesithando somlilo iya kwabelwana ngabavelisi bezitena eziphikisayo.

1. Ubukhulu bejoyinti yokwandiswa kwesitena esiphikisayo bukhulu kakhulu:

(1) Udaka lwe-refractory lunobungakanani obukhulu be-particle, obuchaphazela umgangatho we-masonry, kunye nodaka oluncinci oluncinci lwe-refractory yezinto ezihambelanayo kufuneka zikhethwe.

(2) Izitena eziphikisayo zineenkcazo ezingahambelani kunye nobukhulu obungalinganiyo. Izitena kufuneka zikhethwe ngokungqongqo. Izitena eziphikisayo eziphosakeleyo ezifana neekona ezilahlekileyo, ukugoba kunye nokuqhekeka akufanele kusetyenziswe, kwaye ubungakanani obudibeneyo bezitena kufuneka bulungiswe ngodaka oluphikisayo.

(3) I-refractory slurry ine-viscosity enkulu, ukubetha okungonelanga, kunye ne-ductility ebuthathaka. Xa ulungiselela i-refractory slurry, ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kufuneka kulawulwe, kuxutywe ngokucokisekileyo, kwaye kaninzi kuxutywe ngokulinganayo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.

(4) Xa i-masonry ingazotywanga, iya kubangela ukuphakama komgangatho, umgangatho kunye nobukhulu obudibeneyo bokwandisa ukusilela ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo kunye nolwakhiwo. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho wobume, kuyimfuneko ukutsala umgca ukuncedisa umsebenzi wokwakha.

2. Ingxaki yokungagcwali ngokwaneleyo kodaka oluchasayo:

(1) Udaka lwe-refractor alukhutshelwanga ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwezitena, kwaye ubuninzi bodaka mncinci kakhulu, ngoko ke kufuneka kusetyenziswe udaka olwaneleyo lokwakha.

(2) Ukubekwa kodaka lwe-refractory akwanelanga. Xa ukubetha ubuso bezitena eziphikisayo, kufuneka kube yinto efanayo njengoko kunokwenzeka.

(3) Beka izitena kwindawo engafanelekanga. Emva kokuba izitena eziphikisayo zibekwe, kufuneka zihlanjululwe ngamaxesha amaninzi ukuze zifake udaka olugqithisiweyo olugqithisiweyo kwaye ziqinisekise ukuba ubukhulu bezitena ezidibeneyo zifanelekile kwaye zichanekile.

(4) Ukubamanzi kakhulu okanye kome kakhulu ngexesha lokucudisa; indlela yokuthintela: qiniseka ukuba uyazi kakuhle iqondo lokoma kunye nobumanzi be-squeegee.

(5) Ubume besitena esichasayo asiqhelekanga, nto leyo ebangela ukuba udaka lungabotshwa ngokulinganayo kwindawo yezitena. Ubungakanani bezitena eziphikisayo kufuneka zihlolwe ngokungqongqo.

3. Ingxaki yobukhulu obungalinganiyo bamalungu okwandisa:

(1) Ubukhulu bezitena ezixhathisayo abulingani, kwaye izitena ezikwaziyo ukuqhankqalaza kufuneka zihlolwe. Ezo zinokunyangwa nge-slurry zinokulungiswa nge-refractory slurry.

(2) Inkqubo yokubetha ingaphezulu kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ingaphantsi, kwaye inani lexesha ngalinye lihlukile, kwaye inani lemisebenzi kufuneka lenziwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ubuninzi bodaka buhambelana.

(3) Ukwakhiwa ngezitena ngaphandle kweentambo, iintambo kufuneka zisetyenziselwe i-masonry ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukuphakama okuthe tye komaleko ngamnye wobume kuyahlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo kunye nolwakhiwo.

(4) Ubungakanani bejoyinti yolwandiso bukhulu kwaye buncinci, kwaye ukutyeba okudityanisiweyo kwesitena ngasinye esiphikisayo kufuneka kulawulwe ngokungqongqo.

(5) I-refractory slurry ayishukunyiswa ngokufanayo. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokulungiselela, lawula ngokungqongqo umlinganiselo wamanzi angwevu, ulungelelanise i-viscosity, kwaye uhlala uvuselela ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.

4. Ingxaki yobukhulu obungalinganiyo bamalungu okwandisa aphezulu nasezantsi:

(1) Ngenxa yokungaphumeleli ukwenza umsebenzi wokwakhiwa kwentambo, umsebenzi wokudweba intambo kufuneka ulawulwe ngokungqongqo kwaye ubhalwe ngokucacileyo.

(2) Ukudibanisa okuthe tye kwe-masonry ayilingani, kwaye ukuphakama okuthe tyaba kwinqanaba ngalinye le-masonry kunye nokuphathwa komgangatho kulawulwa ngokungqongqo.

5. Ingxaki yobude obungalinganiyo bodonga lweziko loxande:

(1) I-masonry yekona ayifani, kwaye abasebenzisi abanamava kufuneka basetyenziswe ukwakha ikona.

(2) Xa i-masonry ingasoluliwe, i-masonry kufuneka yolulwe ukuqinisekisa umgangatho woluhlu ngalunye lwezitena eziphikisayo.

(3) Xa kukho abantu ababini nangaphezulu ngaphambi nasemva kolwakhiwo, iindlela zokwakha zahlukile, yaye ubukhulu nobukhulu bodaka olunqambileyo azifani. Indlela yokusebenza ye-masonry yomsebenzi wokwakha ngamnye kufuneka ilinganiswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukufana komgangatho wobume kunye nobukhulu bezitena ezidibeneyo. .

(4) I-refractory slurry ayishukunyiswa ngokufanayo. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokulungiselela, lawula ngokungqongqo umlinganiselo wamanzi angwevu, ulungelelanise i-viscosity, kwaye uhlala uvuselela ngexesha lokusetyenziswa.

(5) Izitena ezimanzi ezikwaziyo ukuxhathisa okanye emva kokuchaneka emvuleni aziyi kuphinda zifunxe ukufuma kodaka oluxhathisayo. Musa ukusebenzisa izitena ezifumileyo zokuhlamba kwi-masonry. Emva kokugalelwa yimvula, izitena eziphikisayo kufuneka zomiswe ngaphambi kokusetyenziswa.

6. Ingxaki yobude obungalinganiyo okanye obunxuseneyo beenyawo ze-arch ezilinganayo:

(1) Xa i-masonry ingasoluliwe, i-masonry kufuneka yolulwe ukuqinisekisa umgangatho woluhlu ngalunye lwezitena eziphikisayo.

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(3) Iindonga ezimbini zesithando somlilo azizange zakhiwe ngaxeshanye, kuba kulula ukubangela ukuphakama okungafaniyo ngenxa yokwakheka okulandelelanayo. Ukuba i-masonry yangaphambili nangemuva yakhiwe, ubungakanani beengxube zoluhlu ngalunye lwezitena eziphikisayo kufuneka zilawulwe ngokungqongqo.

(4) Xa iindonga ezimbini zakhiwe, iqondo lokoma kunye nokumanzi kwezitena ezitshintshileyo ezisetyenzisiweyo zahlukile. Izitena ezifumileyo ze-refractory aziyi kusetyenziselwa i-masonry, kwaye kufuneka zisetyenziswe emva kokumiswa.

(5) Xa kukho abantu ababini okanye ngaphezulu abakha iindonga ezimbini, iindlela zokwakha zahlukile, kwaye ubukhulu bodaka lwe-refractory abufani. Indlela yokusebenza ye-masonry yomakhi ngamnye kufuneka ilinganiswe ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho we-masonry kunye nobukhulu bezitena ezidibeneyo. Manyani.