Uhlalutyo lokusilela kunye nonyango lwe ukuchithwa kwesithando somlilo ngexesha lokuqalisa

1. The ukuchithwa kwesithando somlilo ayinakuqalwa

Xa uqala, kuphela i-ammeter ye-DC enemiyalelo, kwaye akukho voltmeter ye-DC okanye i-intermediate frequency voltmeter ayinayo imiyalelo. Le yenye yezona zinto zixhaphakileyo zokungaphumeleli, kwaye izizathu zezi zilandelayo.

Kukho ukungabikho kwe-pulse phenomenon kwi-inverter trigger pulse. Sebenzisa i-oscilloscope ukujonga i-inverter pulse (ngokukhethekileyo kwi-GK ye-thyristor). Ukuba kukho ukungabikho kwe-pulse, khangela ukuba uxhulumaniso luhluphekile okanye luvulekile, kwaye ingaba kukho i-pulse output kwisigaba sangaphambili.

Ukuqhekeka kwe-Inverter thyristor. Sebenzisa i-multimeter ukulinganisa ukuchasana phakathi kwe-A kunye ne-K. Ngokungabikho kwamanzi okupholisa, ixabiso phakathi kwe-A kunye ne-K kufuneka libe likhulu kune-10kC, kwaye ukuchasana kufana ne-10kC. Ixesha liphelile. Ukuba ezimbini zazo zonakaliswe ngexesha lokulinganisa, unokususa enye yeentsimbi zobhedu ezidibanisayo, uze ugwebe ukuba enye okanye ezimbini zonakaliswe. Faka indawo ye-thyristor kwaye uhlolisise imbangela yomonakalo kwi-thyristor (ngenxa yesizathu somonakalo kwi-thyristor, nceda ubhekiselele kuhlalutyo olulandelayo lwesizathu somonakalo kwi-thyristor). Ukuqhekeka kweCapacitor. Sebenzisa ibhloko ye-RXlk ye-multimeter ukulinganisa ukuba i-terminal nganye ye-capacitor ihlawuliswa okanye ikhutshwe kwi-terminal eqhelekileyo. Ukuba akukho nto ibonisa ukuba i-terminal yonakalisiwe, susa i-pole capacitor pole. Umthwalo ufutshane kwaye uphantsi. Imitha yokumelana ne-1000V (imitha yokugubha) ingasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukuchasana kwekhoyili emhlabeni (xa kungekho manzi okupholisa), kwaye kufuneka ibe mkhulu kune-1MH, ngaphandle koko i-short-circuit point kunye ne-grounding point kufuneka ingabandakanywa. . Isekethe yesampulu yesiginali yefrikhwensi ephakathi inomjikelezo ovulekileyo okanye isiphaluka esifutshane. Sebenzisa i-oscilloscope ukujonga i-waveform yendawo nganye yesampulu yomqondiso, okanye usebenzise i-multimeter ukulinganisa ixabiso lokumelana nesampulu yesampulu yomqondiso ngamnye xa umbane ucinyiwe, kwaye ufumane indawo yesekethe evulekileyo okanye emfutshane. Gxininisa ekujongeni i-intermediate frequency feedback transformer ukuze ubone ukuba icala eliphambili livuliwe (elibangelwa ludibaniso lwenyani lwengqondo yokuvuza).

2. Kunzima ukuqalisa

Emva kokuqaliswa, i-voltage yefrikhwensi ephakathi ingaphezulu kwexesha elinye ngaphezulu kombane we-DC, kwaye i-DC yangoku inkulu kakhulu. Izizathu zoku kusilela zezi zilandelayo.

Enye i-thyristor kwisekethe ye-inverter yonakele. Xa i-thyristor yonakaliswe kwisiphaluka se-inverter, i ukuchithwa kwesithando somlilo ingaqaliswa ngamanye amaxesha, kodwa ukusilela okukhankanywe ngasentla kuyakwenzeka emva kokuqalisa. Faka indawo ye-thyristor eyonakalisiweyo kwaye ukhangele isizathu somonakalo. Enye ye-inverter thyristors ayiqhubeki, oko kukuthi, “imilenze emithathu” isebenza. Kungenzeka ukuba isango le-thyristor livulekile, okanye ucingo oluxhunyiwe kuyo lukhululekile okanye lunonxibelelwano olubi. Kukho isekethe evulekileyo okanye i-polarity engalunganga kwisampulu yesampulu yesiginali yefrikhwensi ephakathi. Olu hlobo lwesizathu ikakhulu kumgca owamkela indlela ye-engile. Isekhethi evulekileyo yomqondiso we-voltage ephakathi okanye i-polarity ebuyela umva ye-intermediate frequency voltage signal xa kulungiswa ezinye iimpazamo kuya kubangela le ngxaki. I-engile ye-front phase shift shift circuit ye-inverter ayiphumelelanga. Umthwalo we-intermediate frequency power supply is capacitive, oko kukuthi, i-current ikhokelela i-voltage. Kwisekethe yokulawula isampuli, isiphaluka sokutshintsha isigaba senziwe. Ukuba isiphaluka sokutshintsha kwesigaba asiphumelelanga, siya kubangela ukuba oku kungasebenzi kakuhle.

3. Ubunzima ekuqaliseni

Emva kokuqala, umbane ophezulu we-DC unokunyuswa kuphela kwi-400V, kwaye i-reactor ingcangcazela kakhulu kwaye isandi siphelile. Olu hlobo lokusilela kukungaphumeleli kwebhulorho yokulungiswa kwesigaba esithathu, kwaye izizathu eziphambili zezi zilandelayo.

I-thyristor ye-rectifier inesekethe evulekileyo, i-breakdown, i-soft breakdown okanye i-degradation yokusebenza kweeparamitha zombane. Sebenzisa i-oscilloscope ukujonga i-tube voltage drop waveform ye-thyristor nganye yokulungisa, fumana i-thyristor eyonakele kwaye uyibuyisele. Xa i-thyristor eyonakalisiweyo idiliza, i-tube voltage drop wave waveform yayo yindlela ethe tye; kwi-soft breakdown, xa i-voltage iphakama kwixabiso elithile, iba ngumgca othe tye. Xa iparameter yombane ihla, i-waveform iyatshintsha xa i-voltage iphakama kwixabiso elithile. Ukuba le nto ingentla iyenzeka, i-DC yangoku iya kunqunyulwa, ibangele ukuba i-reactor ingcangcazele. Iseti yee-trigger pulses ezilungisiweyo ayikho. Sebenzisa i-oscilloscope ukujonga ukubetha kwe-trigger nganye ngokwahlukileyo (kungcono ukujonga kwi-thyristor). Xa ujonga isiphaluka ngaphandle kwe-pulse, sebenzisa indlela yokubuyela ngasemva ukuze unqume indawo yephutha kwaye ubeke indawo eyonakalisiweyo. Xa le nto isenzeka, intloko yamaza ombane yeDC iya kuswela intloko yamaza, ibangele ukuba umsinga unqunyulwe, okukhokelela kule nto yokusilela. Isango lokubuyisela i-thyristor livulekile okanye lifutshane, libangela ukuba i-thyristor ingashukunyiswa. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ixabiso lokumelana phakathi kwe-GK li malunga ne-10 ~ 30Q.

4. Yima ngoko nangoko emva kokuba uqalise

Inokuqaliswa, kodwa iyayeka ngokukhawuleza emva kokuqala, kwaye i-furnace yokunyibilika ye-induction ikwimeko yokuphinda iqale. Oku kusilela kukusilela kwesithando sokunyibilikisa induction kunye nemowudi yokutshayela-frequency yokuqala, kwaye izizathu zezi zilandelayo.

I-angle ekhokelayo incinci kakhulu, kwaye isiqalo esiphindaphindiweyo sibangelwa ukusilela kokuhamba emva kokuqala. Ngokujonga imo ye-voltage ephakathi ngamaza ombane kunye ne-oscilloscope, yonyusa i-angle yokukhokela i-inverter ngokufanelekileyo.

Isiginali ye-oscillation frequency ikwindawo emphethweni woluhlu lwangaphandle lovavanyo lokuskena amaza. Lungisa kwakhona uluhlu lokuskena kolunye ulonwabo lokuskena amaza.

5. Uhambo oludlulayo emva kokuqala

Emva kokuba i-furnace yokunyibilikisa i-induction iqalisiwe, xa amandla enyuka kwixabiso elithile, i-furnace yokuncibilika i-induction ixhomekeke kwisenzo sokukhusela ngokugqithisileyo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha i-thyristor iya kutshiswa kwaye iqalise kwakhona, i-phenomenon ihlala ifana. Esi siganeko sokusilela ngokubanzi sibangelwa zezi zizathu zilandelayo.

Ukuba i-overcurrent inokwenzeka phantsi kombane ophantsi nje emva kokuqala, kubangelwa ukuba i-angle yangaphambili ye-inverter incinci kakhulu kwaye i-thyristor ye-inverter ayikwazi ukucima ngokuthembekileyo.

Amanzi anqunyulwa okanye umphumo wokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu uyancitshiswa kwijacket yokupholisa amanzi ye-inverter thyristor. Faka enye indawo yebhatyi yokupholisa amanzi. Ngamanye amaxesha kwanele ukujonga ukukhutshwa kwamanzi kunye noxinzelelo lwejacket yokupholisa amanzi, kodwa kaninzi ngenxa yeengxaki zomgangatho wamanzi, uluhlu lwesikali lufakwe eludongeni lwejacket yokupholisa amanzi. Ngenxa yokuba isikali siyinto ene-conductivity ephantsi kakhulu ye-thermal, nangona kukho ukuhamba kwamanzi okwaneleyo Nangona kunjalo, umphumo wokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu uyancipha kakhulu ngenxa yokuhlukaniswa kwesikali. Indlela yesigwebo yile: sebenzisa amandla kumandla angaphantsi kunexabiso elingaphezulu-langoku malunga nemizuzu eyi-10, kwaye uvale ngokukhawuleza, kwaye uthinte ngokukhawuleza umbindi we-thyristor ngesandla sakho emva kokuvalwa. Ukuba uziva ushushu, impazamo ibangelwa sesi sizathu.

Iingcingo zoqhagamshelwano zesekethe yetanki zinonxibelelwano olubi kunye nokuqhawulwa. Jonga iingcingo zoqhagamshelo lwesekethe yetanki kwaye ujongane nayo ngokweyona meko. Xa intambo yokudibanisa yesekethe yetanki inoqhagamshelwano olubi okanye ukuqhawula, amandla aya kunyuka kwixabiso elithile, liya kubangela ukuvutha, okuya kuchaphazela ukusebenza okuqhelekileyo kwesithando sokunyibilikisa induction, okuya kukhokelela ekukhuselweni kwe-melting induction. eziko. Ngamanye amaxesha ngenxa ye-sparking, i-overvoltage esheshayo iya kuveliswa kuzo zombini iziphelo ze-thyristor. Ukuba isenzo sokukhusela i-overvoltage siphelile, amacandelo e-thyristor aya kutshiswa. Esi siganeko sihlala sibangela izenzo zangaxeshanye zokugqithiswa kwe-overvoltage kunye ne-overcurrent.

6. Akukho mpendulo ekuqaleni

Xa i-furnace yokunyibilikisa i-induction iqala, akukho mpendulo. Emva kokuqwalaselwa, ukungabikho kokukhanya kwesalathisi sesigaba kwibhodi yesiphaluka yokulawula kuvuliwe. Oku kusilela kubangelwa zezi zizathu zilandelayo: i-fuse ekhawulezayo evuthelweyo. Ngokubanzi i-fuse ekhawulezayo inesalathiso sokudibanisa, unokugweba ukuba i-fuse itshiswe ngokujonga isalathisi, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha ngenxa yexesha elide lokusetyenziswa kwe-fuse ekhawulezayo okanye izizathu zomgangatho, isalathiso asicacanga okanye isalathiso asicacanga. Kufuneka ucime amandla okanye usebenzise i-multimeter ukulinganisa. Indlela yonyango yile: buyisela i-fuse ekhawulezayo kwaye uhlalutye unobangela wokubetha. Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokuvuthela ifuse ngokukhawuleza zezi zilandelayo. I ukuchithwa kwesithando somlilo iqhuba phantsi kweemeko zamandla aphezulu kunye nokuphezulu kwexesha elide, kubangela ukuba i-fuse ekhawulezayo ivelise ubushushu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba i-fuse core inyibilike. Umthwalo wokulungisa okanye umthwalo wefrikhwensi ephakathi ujikelezwe ngokufutshane, obangela impembelelo yangoku ephezulu ngokukhawuleza kunye nokutshisa i-fuse ekhawulezayo. Isiphaluka somthwalo kufuneka sihlolwe. Ukungaphumeleli kwesekethe yokulawula umlungisi kubangele impembelelo yangoku ephezulu ngokukhawuleza. Umjikelo wokulungisa kufuneka ujongwe.

Uqhagamshelwano lomtshini oyintloko lutshiswa ngaphandle okanye inkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla yangaphambili inokusilela kwesigaba. Sebenzisa ibhloko yombane we-AC ye-multimeter ukulinganisa umbane womgca wenqanaba ngalinye ukumisela indawo yempazamo.