Ukwehluleka ukuhlaziya kanye nokwelashwa kwe ukuchithwa kwesithando somlilo ngesikhathi sokuqalisa

1. The ukuchithwa kwesithando somlilo ayikwazi ukuqaliswa

Uma uqala, i-ammeter ye-DC kuphela enemiyalelo, futhi ayikho i-voltmeter ye-DC noma i-voltmeter ephakathi nendawo eneziqondiso. Lesi ngesinye sezigameko ezijwayelekile zokuhluleka, futhi izimbangela zimi kanje.

Kukhona ukuntuleka kwe-pulse phenomenon ku-inverter trigger pulse. Sebenzisa i-oscilloscope ukuhlola i-inverter pulse (okungcono ku-GK ye-thyristor). Uma kukhona ukuntuleka kokushaya kwenhliziyo, hlola ukuthi uxhumano lubuthakathaka noma luvulekile, nokuthi ingabe kukhona okukhipha ishayela esigabeni sangaphambilini.

Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-Inverter thyristor. Sebenzisa i-multimeter ukukala ukumelana phakathi kuka-A no-K. Uma engekho amanzi okupholisa, inani phakathi kuka-A no-K kufanele libe likhulu kuno-10kC, futhi ukumelana kufana no-10kC. Isikhathi siphukile. Uma ezimbili zazo zonakaliswe ngesikhathi sokulinganisa, ungasusa eyodwa yemishayo yethusi yokuxhuma, bese ukwahlulela ukuthi eyodwa noma ezimbili zonakalisiwe. Faka esikhundleni se-thyristor futhi uhlole imbangela yomonakalo ku-thyristor (ngenxa yesizathu sokulimala ku-thyristor, sicela ubheke ekuhlaziyweni okulandelayo kwembangela yomonakalo ku-thyristor). Ukuhlukaniswa kwe-capacitor. Sebenzisa ibhulokhi ye-RXlk ye-multimeter ukukala ukuthi itheminali ngayinye ye-capacitor ishajiwe noma ikhishiwe kutheminali evamile. Uma kungekho okubonisa ukuthi ukuphela konakele, susa i-capacitor pole eyonakele. Umthwalo ufushane futhi usekelwe phansi. Imitha engu-1000V engu-1V (imitha enyakazayo) ingasetshenziswa ukukala ukumelana kwekhoyili phansi (uma amanzi okupholisa engekho), futhi kufanele ibe nkulu kuno-XNUMXMH, ngaphandle kwalokho indawo ye-short-circuit kanye nendawo yokubeka phansi kufanele ingafakwa. . Isekhethi yesampula yesiginali yefrikhwensi emaphakathi inesekhethi evulekile noma isifunda esifushane. Sebenzisa i-oscilloscope ukuze ubuke i-waveform yephoyinti lesampula lesignali ngayinye, noma usebenzise i-multimeter ukuze ulinganise inani lokumelana leluphu yesampula yesignali ngayinye lapho amandla evaliwe, futhi uthole iphoyinti lesekhethi evulekile noma emfushane. Gxila ekuhloleni isiguquli sempendulo yemvamisa emaphakathi ukuze ubone ukuthi uhlangothi oluyinhloko luvuliwe yini (okubangelwa ukuxhumana okubonakalayo komqondo wokuvuza).

2. Kunzima ukuqala

Ngemva kokuqala, i-voltage yefrikhwensi emaphakathi ingaphezulu kwesikhathi esisodwa ngaphezu kwe-DC, kanti i-DC yamanje inkulu kakhulu. Izizathu zalokhu kwehluleka yilezi ezilandelayo.

I-thyristor eyodwa kumjikelezo we-inverter yonakele. Lapho i-thyristor yonakaliswa kumjikelezo we-inverter, i ukuchithwa kwesithando somlilo ngezinye izikhathi ingaqalwa, kodwa ukwehluleka okukhulunywe ngakho ngenhla kuzokwenzeka ngemva kokuqala. Faka esikhundleni se-thyristor eyonakele futhi uhlole imbangela yomonakalo. Enye ye-inverter thyristors ayiqhubeki, okungukuthi, umsebenzi “wemilenze emithathu”. Kungenzeka ukuthi isango le-thyristor livuliwe, noma ucingo oluxhunywe kulo lukhululekile noma lunokuxhumana okungalungile. Kunesekhethi evulekile noma i-polarity engalungile kuluphu yesampula yesiginali yefrikhwensi emaphakathi. Lolu hlobo lwesizathu ikakhulukazi lusemgqeni owamukela indlela ye-engeli. Isekhethi evuliwe yesiginali ye-voltage yefrikhwensi emaphakathi noma i-polarity ehlehlayo yesiginali ye-voltage yefrikhwensi emaphakathi lapho kulungiswa amanye amaphutha kuzodala leli phutha. Isekhethi yesigaba sokushintsha i-engeli yangaphambili ye-inverter yehlulekile. Umthwalo we-intermediate frequency power supply i-capacitive, okungukuthi, yamanje ihola i-voltage. Kumjikelezo wokulawula amasampula, isifunda sokushintsha kwesigaba siklanyelwe. Uma isifunda sokushintsha kwesigaba sihluleka, sizophinde sibangele lokhu kungasebenzi kahle.

3. Ubunzima bokuqala

Ngemuva kokuqala, amandla kagesi aphezulu e-DC angakhushulwa kuphela ku-400V, futhi i-reactor idlidliza kakhulu futhi umsindo awukho. Lolu hlobo lokwehluleka ukwehluleka kwebhuloho lokulungisa elilawulwa ngokugcwele kwezigaba ezintathu, futhi izizathu eziyinhloko yilezi ezilandelayo.

I-thyristor yokulungisa inomjikelezo ovulekile, ukuwohloka, ukuwohloka okuthambile noma ukuwohloka kokusebenza kwamapharamitha kagesi. Sebenzisa i-oscilloscope ukuze ubheke i-tube voltage drop drop waveform ye-thyristor ngayinye elungisayo, thola i-thyristor eyonakele bese uyishintsha. Lapho i-thyristor eyonakele idiliza, i-waveform yayo ye-tube voltage drop drop iwumugqa oqondile; ekuqhekekeni okuthambile, lapho i-voltage ikhuphuka ibe yinani elithile, iba umugqa oqondile. Lapho ipharamitha kagesi yehla, i-waveform iyashintsha lapho i-voltage ikhuphuka ibe yinani elithile. Uma kwenzeka into engenhla, i-DC current izonqanyulwa, okubangele ukuthi i-reactor idlidlize. Isethi yama-trigger pulses alungisiwe ayikho. Sebenzisa i-oscilloscope ukuhlola i-trigger pulse ngayinye ngokwehlukana (kungcono ukuhlola i-thyristor). Uma uhlola isifunda ngaphandle kokushaya kwenhliziyo, sebenzisa indlela yokubuyela emuva ukuze unqume indawo enephutha bese ubuyisela ingxenye eyonakele. Uma lesi simo senzeka, inhloko yegagasi eliphumayo le-voltage ye-DC izontula ikhanda lamagagasi, okubangele ukuthi i-current inqamuke, okuholela kulokhu kwehluleka. Isango le-thyristor ye-rectifier livuliwe noma lifushane-circuited, okwenza ukuthi i-thyristor ingaqalwa. Ngokuvamile, inani lokumelana phakathi kwe-GK licishe libe ngu-10~30Q.

4. Yima ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala

Ingaqalwa, kodwa ima ngokushesha ngemva kokuqala, futhi isithando somlilo sokuncibilika sisesimweni sokuqala ngokuphindaphindiwe. Lokhu kwehluleka kuwukwehluleka kwesithando somlilo sokungeniswa esincibilika ngemodi yokuqala ye-sweep-frequency, futhi izizathu zimi kanje.

I-engeli yokuhola incane kakhulu, futhi ukuqala okuphindaphindiwe kubangelwa ukwehluleka kokuhamba ngemva kokuqala. Ngokubheka i-wave wave wave voltage emaphakathi ne-oscilloscope, khulisa i-engeli eholayo ye-inverter ngendlela efanele.

Isignali yefrikhwensi yokulayisha isendaweni esemaphethelweni yobubanzi besignali yefrikhwensi yokuskena okujabulisayo. Lungisa kabusha ububanzi bokuskena kwesinye imvamisa yokuskena okujabulisayo.

5. Uhambo lwamanje ngemva kokuqala

Ngemuva kokuthi isithando somlilo sokuncibilika se-induction siqalisiwe, lapho amandla ekhuphuka enani elithile, isithando somlilo sokuncibilika se-induction sithambekele esenzweni sokuvikela ngokweqile, futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-thyristor izoshiswa futhi iqale kabusha, lo mkhuba uhlala ufana. Lesi senzo sokwehluleka ngokuvamile sibangelwa izizathu ezilandelayo.

Uma i-overcurrent ingase yenzeke ngaphansi kwe-voltage ephansi ngemva nje kokuqala, kubangelwa ukuthi i-angle yangaphambili ye-inverter incane kakhulu futhi i-thyristor ye-inverter ayikwazi ukuvalwa ngokuthembekile.

Amanzi anqanyuliwe noma umphumela wokushisa ukushisa uyancipha ejazini lokupholisa lamanzi le-inverter thyristor. Faka esikhundleni ijakhethi yokupholisa amanzi. Ngezinye izikhathi kwanele ukubuka ukuphuma kwamanzi nokucindezela kwejazi lokupholisa amanzi, kodwa ngokuvamile ngenxa yezinkinga zekhwalithi yamanzi, ungqimba lwesilinganiso lunamathele odongeni lwejazi lokupholisa amanzi. Ngoba isikali siyinto ene-conductivity eshisayo kakhulu, nakuba kukhona ukugeleza kwamanzi okwanele Nokho, umphumela wokushisa ukushisa uyancipha kakhulu ngenxa yokuhlukaniswa kwesilinganiso. Indlela yokwahlulela ithi: sebenzisa amandla ngamandla aphansi kunevelu yamanje cishe imizuzu eyi-10, bese uvala ngokushesha, bese uthinta ngokushesha umongo we-thyristor ngesandla sakho ngemva kokuvala shaqa. Uma uzizwa ushisa, iphutha libangelwa yilesi sizathu.

Izintambo zokuxhuma zesekethe yethangi zinokuthinta kabi nokunqanyulwa. Hlola izintambo zokuxhuma zesekethe yethangi bese ubhekana nazo ngokuya ngesimo sangempela. Lapho intambo yokuxhuma yesekethe yethangi inokuxhumana okungalungile noma ukunqanyulwa, amandla azokhuphukela enanini elithile, azobangela ukuthungela, okuzothinta ukusebenza okujwayelekile kwesithando somlilo esincibilikisa induction, okuzoholela ekuvikelweni kokuncibilika kwe-induction. isithando somlilo. Ngezinye izikhathi ngenxa yokuqhuma, ukukhuphuka kwe-overvoltage ngokushesha kuzokwenziwa kuzo zombili iziphetho ze-thyristor. Uma isenzo sokuvikela i-overvoltage sephuze kakhulu, izingxenye ze-thyristor zizoshiswa. Lesi simo ngokuvamile sibangela izenzo kanyekanye zokugcwala ngokweqile kanye ne-overcurrent.

6. Akukho mpendulo ekuqaleni

Lapho isithando somlilo se-induction siqala, akukho mpendulo. Ngemva kokubona, ukuntuleka kokukhanya kwenkomba yesigaba ebhodini lesifunda sokulawula kuvuliwe. Lokhu kwehluleka kubangelwa izizathu ezilandelayo: i-fuse esheshayo eshaywayo. Ngokuvamile i-fuse esheshayo inenkomba yokuhlanganisa, ungahlulela ukuthi i-fuse ishisiwe ngokubheka inkomba, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi ngenxa yesikhathi eside sokusetshenziswa kwe-fuse esheshayo noma izizathu zekhwalithi, inkomba ayicacile noma inkomba ayicacile, wena. udinga ukunqamula amandla noma usebenzise i-multimeter ukukala. Indlela yokwelapha yile: buyisela i-fuse esheshayo futhi uhlaziye imbangela yokushaywa. Izizathu ezijwayelekile zokufutha i-fuse esheshayo yilezi ezilandelayo. I ukuchithwa kwesithando somlilo isebenza ngaphansi kwezimo zamandla aphezulu kanye namandla aphezulu isikhathi eside, okwenza i-fuse esheshayo ikhiqize ukushisa, okubangela ukuba umgogodla we-fuse uncibilike. Umthwalo wokulungisa kabusha noma umthwalo ophakathi nendawo unomjikelezo omfushane, obangela umthelela wamanje ophezulu ngokushesha futhi ushise i-fuse esheshayo. Isifunda somthwalo kufanele sihlolwe. Ukwehluleka kwesekethe yokulawula isilungisi kubangele umthelela wamanje ophezulu osheshayo. I-rectifier circuit kufanele ihlolwe.

Ukuthintwa kweswishi eyinhloko kushile noma isistimu yokuphakelwa kwamandla yezinga langaphambili inokwehluleka kwesigaba. Sebenzisa i-AC voltage block ye-multimeter ukukala i-voltage yomugqa wezinga ngalinye ukuze unqume indawo yephutha.