Maitiro ekusarudza zvidhinha zvinopesana nokuda kwechikamu chimwe nechimwe chevira romoto?

blast furnace ihombe-yakakura pyrometallurgical furnace inoshandisa coke kuderedza iron ore kunyungudutsa iron yakanyunguduka. Iyo tembiricha, kudzvanywa, zvemuviri uye zvemakemikari zvimiro uye nehutsinye mamiriro ekushanda eiyo lining pahurefu hwakasiyana hwechoto chinoputika zvakasiyana. Naizvozvo, iyo michina uye mamiriro ekutadza kwe lining zvakare akasiyana, uye kusarudzwa kwezvinhu zvekuramba kwakasiyana zvakasiyana.

① Furnace Huro

blast furnace throat ihuro ye blast furnace, iyo inokuvadzwa nyore nyore nekukanganisa uye kukwesha panguva yekuvharika. Masonry anowanzo kuvakwa nehurefu-kuoma, yakakwirira-density yakakwira-aluminum zvidhinha, uye inodzivirirwa nemagadhi esimbi asingapfeke.

②Muviri wechitofu

Muviri wechoto chikamu kubva pahuro yechoto kusvika pakati pechiuno chechoto, iyo yakakamurwa munzvimbo nhatu: kumusoro, pakati uye pasi. Iyo yepakati uye yekumusoro lining yevira revira inonyanya kupfekwa uye yakasvibiswa nezvinhu zvinodonha uye inokwira guruva-ine mhepo inoyerera, uye kukuvara kunenge kwakareruka. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akajairika, zvidhinha zvevhu zvakakosha, zvidhinha zvevhu zvakakora, uye yakakwirira alumina zvidhinha zvine yakaderera yemahara Fe2O3 zvemukati zvinogona zvakare kushandisa ivhu amorphous refractories. Chikamu chezasi chemuviri wechoto chine kutonhora kwakanyanya uye yakawanda slag inoumbwa. Iyo slag inotarisana zvakananga nechepamusoro pechigadziko chevira, uye chigadziko chevira chinokuvadza nokukurumidza. Masonry anowanzo sarudza emhando yepamusoro compact yevhu zvidhinha kana yakakwira alumina zvidhinha zvine kunaka kwemoto kuramba, slag kuramba, tembiricha yekusimba kwesimba uye kupfeka kuramba. Chikamu chezasi cheiyo hombe blast furnace shaft inonyanya kushandisa yakakwirira alumina zvidhinha, corundum zvidhinha, kabhoni zvidhinha kana silicon carbide zvidhinha.

③Chiuno chechoto

Chiuno ndicho chikamu chakakura kwazvo chemoto unoputika. Kukukurwa kwemakemikari eslag, alkali simbi mhute, uye kukweshana uye kupera kwekuvhara uye kutonhora kwepamusoro-soro coke pamusoro pechigadziko chechoto kwakakomba kwazvo, zvichiita kuti ive imwe yenzvimbo dzinonyanya kutambudzika dzemoto unoputika. Mavhiri epakati uye madiki anoputika anogona kushandisa zvemhando yepamusoro zvidhinha zvevhu, yakakwirira alumina zvidhinha, uye corundum zvidhinha; mahombe emazuva ano anoputika anowanzo shandisa zvidhinha zvakakwirira zvealuminium, zvidhinha zvecorundum kana silicon carbide zvidhinha, uye zvidhinha zvekabhoni zvinogonawo kushandiswa kugadzira masonry.

④Chitofu dumbu

Dumbu rechoto riri pazasi pechiuno chechoto uye rine inverted koni chimiro. Kazhinji kutaura, blast furnace inenge yaparara zvachose nguva pfupi yavhurwa. Nokudaro, zvidhinha zvepamusoro-aluminium (Al2O3<70%) uye corundum zvidhinha zvinoshandiswa mumoto. Carbon zvidhinha, graphite petroleum coke, graphite anthracite uye mamwe semi-graphite zvidhinha anoshandiswa zvakanyanya muhombe dzemazuva ano dzinoputika.

⑤ Moto

Mwoyo wacho unonyanya kukanganiswa nekukukurwa kwemakemikari, kukukurwa uye kukukurwa kwealkali kwesimbi yakanyungudutswa nesimbi yakanyungudutswa. Pazasi pechoto, simbi yakanyungudutswa inopinda mumitswe yezvidhinha, zvichiita kuti chibatiso chiyangamire uye chikuvare. Iyo masonry inowanzo shandisa kabhoni zvidhinha zvine yakakwira moto kuramba, yakakwira tembiricha simba, yakanaka slag kuramba, yakasimba yekupisa conductivity, yakakwira yakawanda density uye yakanaka vhoriyamu kugadzikana.