Ndi zida zotani zomwe zimayankhira gawo lililonse la ng’anjo yoyaka moto ndi chiyani?

Kusanthula kosinthika kwa refractory kwa gawo lililonse la ng’anjo yotentha yotentha yamoto kumagawidwa ndi opanga njerwa zokanira.

The kuphulika ng’anjo otentha kuphulika chitofu ndi regenerative kutentha exchanger, makamaka kupereka mkulu kutentha Kutentha malo kuti kuyaka mpweya wa ng’anjo kuphulika kukwaniritsa mkulu ntchito mpweya kutentha, zambiri 1200 ~ 1350 ℃. Zomwe zimafanana ndi ng’anjo zotentha zotentha za ng’anjo zophulika ndi 3-4. Pofuna kukwaniritsa zofunikira za kutentha kwa kutentha kwakukulu ndi nthawi yayitali yogwiritsira ntchito ng’anjo zotentha zotentha, zipangizo zopangira ng’anjo zotentha zotentha ziyenera kukhala ndi mawonekedwe a kutentha kwakukulu ndi kukana kupanikizika, kukana kwabwino, kutentha kwakukulu, ndi zabwino matenthedwe madutsidwe. .

Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka gawo lililonse la chitofu chowotcha komanso chikoka cha ng’anjo yamoto, zida zokanira zopangira chitofu chowotcha zimatha kugawidwa m’magawo awiri: kutentha kwambiri komanso kutentha kochepa. Zigawo zotentha kwambiri: kuphatikizapo kumtunda kwa chipinda choyaka moto, njerwa za checker pamwamba pa regenerator, njerwa zazikulu za khoma, pamwamba pa ng’anjo, ndi zina zotero; magawo apakati ndi otsika kutentha: kuphatikizapo mbali zapakati ndi zapansi za chipinda choyaka moto, njerwa za checkered pakatikati ndi m’munsi mwa regenerator, njerwa zazikulu za khoma, ndi zina.

Malingana ndi mapangidwe a chitofu chowotcha, chikhoza kugawidwa kukhala: pamwamba pa ng’anjo, khoma lalikulu la regenerator, njerwa yowunikira, khoma logawanitsa, khoma lalikulu la chipinda choyaka moto, chowotcha ndi mbali zina. .

1. Choyimira pamwamba pa ng’anjo:

Pamwamba pa ng’anjoyo ili pamalo otentha kwambiri mkati mwa ng’anjo yotentha yotentha, pomwe zinthu zokanira zimalumikizana mwachindunji ndi mpweya wotentha ndi mpweya wa flue. Zinthu zokanira zokhala ndi kukana kugwedezeka kwamphamvu kwamafuta komanso kukana kukwawa ziyenera kusankhidwa. Nthawi zambiri, njerwa za silika ndi njerwa zadongo zotsika zimatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Njerwa zazitali za aluminiyamu, njerwa zazitali za alumina, njerwa za mullite, njerwa zadongo zopepuka, njerwa za andalusite, utoto wopopera wosagwira asidi, utoto wopopera dongo, etc.

2. Zipangizo zomangira khoma lalikulu la chowonjezera:

Khoma lalikulu la regenerator ndi khoma lalikulu la chitofu chowotcha chowotcha, kumene kutentha kwapamwamba kumakhala kokwera kwambiri, ndipo kutentha kwa mpweya pakati ndi pansi kumakhala kochepa kwambiri. Kumtunda kwa khoma lalikulu la regenerator kumatha kugwiritsa ntchito njerwa za silika, njerwa zotsika kwambiri za aluminiyamu, komanso kutenthetsa kutentha kwa aluminium. Njerwa, njerwa za mullite, njerwa zadongo zopepuka, utoto wopopera wosamva asidi, utoto wopopera utoto wopepuka, etc.

Pakatikati, njerwa zotsika kwambiri za alumina, njerwa za mullite, njerwa za andalusite, njerwa zadongo zopepuka, utoto wopopera dongo, utoto wopopera pang’ono, ndi zina zambiri.

Mbali yapansi imatha kugwiritsa ntchito njerwa zadongo, njerwa zazikulu za aluminiyamu, njerwa zadongo zopepuka, njerwa zotchingira za aluminiyamu, zomangira dongo, utoto wopopera utoto wopepuka, konkire yosagwira kutentha, ndi zina zambiri.

3. Zipangizo zomangira njerwa zomangira njerwa:

Chigawo chapamwamba chapamwamba cha kutentha kwa njerwa za cheki cha regenerator chiyenera kupangidwa ndi zipangizo zotsutsa ndi kukhazikika kwa kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri, zowonongeka ndi kukana kukwawa. Mbali zapakati ndi zapansi zimakhala ndi kupanikizika kwakukulu kuchokera ku zipangizo zokanirira zapamwamba. Kuphatikiza pa kukhutitsa kachitidwe kake kakukwawa, ikufunikanso kuti igwire bwino ntchito yake yanthawi zonse yamphamvu yopondereza ya kutentha komanso kukhazikika kwamphamvu kwa kutentha.

Kumtunda kwa njerwa zoyang’ana nthawi zambiri amagwiritsa ntchito njerwa za silicon ndi njerwa zapamwamba za aluminiyamu, gawo lapakati limagwiritsa ntchito njerwa zotsika kwambiri za aluminiyamu ndi njerwa zapamwamba za aluminiyamu, ndipo gawo lapansi limagwiritsa ntchito chowunikira chotsika kwambiri cha aluminiyamu. njerwa ndi njerwa zadongo.

Kuphatikiza apo, chowongoleranso chitofu chowulungika chotentha nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsa ntchito mipira yotchinga m’malo mwa njerwa, chofala kwambiri ndi mipira yotchinga ya aluminiyamu, ndipo mipira yotchinga dongo ingagwiritsidwe ntchito m’malo otentha kwambiri.

4. Zipangizo zomangira makoma ogawa:

Khoma logawanitsa ndi khoma la njerwa lomwe limalekanitsa regenerator ndi chipinda choyaka moto. Kutalika kwa khoma logawanitsa nthawi zambiri kumakhala 400 ~ 700mm kuposa njerwa zowunikira za regenerator kuti zitsimikizire kugawa kwa mpweya wofanana. Chifukwa cha kusiyana kwakukulu kwa kutentha pakati pa mbali ziwiri za khoma logawanitsa, kusiyana kwa kutentha kwa khoma kumakhala kwakukulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zowonongeka za khoma logawanitsa ziwonongeke, kupindika ndi kusweka. Chifukwa chake, njerwa za silika ndi njerwa zazitali za aluminiyamu zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumtunda kwa zinthu zotsutsana ndi khoma logawa.

Njerwa zapamwamba za aluminiyamu ndi njerwa za aluminiyumu zowonjezera zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pakati, ndipo njerwa zotsika kwambiri za aluminiyamu ndi njerwa zamtundu wa aluminiyumu zingagwiritsidwe ntchito mu gawo la kutentha kwa kutentha.

Njerwa zadongo ndi njerwa zopepuka zadothi zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kumunsi.

5. Zipangizo zomangira khoma lalikulu la chipinda choyaka:

Khoma lalikulu la chipinda choyaka moto kwenikweni ndi lofanana ndi zinthu zokanira za regenerator. Kumtunda kumatha kugwiritsa ntchito njerwa za silika, njerwa zazikulu za aluminiyamu, njerwa zapamwamba za alumina, njerwa zopepuka za silika, njerwa zadongo zopepuka, utoto wopopera, etc.

Njerwa zamtundu wa aluminiyamu, njerwa zotsika kwambiri za aluminiyamu, njerwa zotchingira za aluminiyamu, njerwa zadothi zopepuka, utoto wopopera, etc. zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pakati.

Mbali yapansi imatha kugwiritsa ntchito njerwa zadongo, njerwa zazikulu za aluminiyamu, njerwa zadongo zopepuka, utoto wopopera, konkire yosagwira kutentha, etc.

6. Mphuno yamoto:

Mphuno yamoto ndi zida zomwe zimatumiza mpweya wosakanikirana wa mpweya mu chipinda choyaka moto kuti uyake. Pali zitsulo ndi ceramic zipangizo. Masiku ano, zowotcha zambiri za ceramic zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuti mutsimikizire kulimba kwa mpweya, kukhulupirika ndi moyo wautumiki wa nozzle wowotchera, pamafunika kuti mzere wokulirapo wokulirapo komanso kukana kwamphamvu kwa refractories pano ndi zabwino, kotero kuti nozzle yamoto imatha kupangidwa ndi mullite, mullite-cordierite, wokwera. -aluminiyamu-cordierite, apamwamba-aluminiyamu castable preforms, etc.

7. Zipangizo zomangira mbali zina za chitofu chowotcha:

(1) Refractory zipangizo kwa mipope otentha mpweya, kuphatikizapo mipope waukulu mpweya, mipope nthambi ndi otentha mpweya mapaipi ozungulira. Nthawi zambiri, amapangidwa ndi njerwa zadongo zopepuka, ndipo potulutsa mpweya wotentha komanso mawonekedwe olowera mpweya amatha kupangidwa ndi njerwa za alumina ndi njerwa za mullite. Chitofu choyaka moto chozungulira chitoliro ndi chitoliro chanthambi chopereka mpweya chingathe kutsanuliridwa ndi aluminiyamu ya simenti yowumbika kwambiri ndi phosphate refractory castable.

(2) Valavu yotentha yotentha imapangidwa ndi zida zokanira, kotero mbali zonse ziwiri zimatenthedwa ndikugwedezeka ndi makina, dzimbiri ndi kusintha kwa kutentha. Moyo waumisiri wa njerwa zadongo ndi njerwa zazitali za aluminiyamu ndi 6 mpaka Okutobala, ndipo zida za aluminiyamu za simenti zapamwamba zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuthira kuumba moyo kumatha kufika zaka 1.5.

(3) Zida zomangira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga chitoliro ndi chimney. Chimney cha chitoliro chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka potulutsa mpweya wa flue. Mpweya wa flue ndi wautali kuposa mpweya wa flue. Choncho, zipangizo zopangira chitoliro zimatha kumangidwa ndi njerwa zadongo, ndipo chimneychi chimatha kutsanuliridwa ndi konkire. Mbali ya m’munsiyi imayikidwa ndi njerwa zadongo monga chotetezera.