Maxay yihiin alaabta dib u celisa ee qayb kasta oo ka mid ah foornada qaraxa

Falanqaynta qaabaynta refractory ee qayb kasta oo ka mid ah foornada qaraxa shooladda kulul ee qaraxa waxaa wadaaga soosaarayaasha lebenka refractory.

Foornada qaraxa foornada kulaylka kulul waa wax-bedelka kulaylka, inta badan si ay u bixiso jawi kuleyl heer sare ah ee hawada gubta foornada qaraxa si loo gaaro heerkulka hawada sare ee shaqeynaya, guud ahaan 1200 ~ 1350℃. Foornooyinka qaraxyada kulul ee isku midka ah ee foornooyinka qaraxu waa 3 ~ 4. Si loo daboolo shuruudaha heerkulka sare ee heerkulka sare iyo wakhtiga dheer ee adeegga foornooyinka kulul ee kulul, qalabka dib-u-celinta ee foornada kulul ee kululaynta kulul waa in ay lahaadaan sifooyinka heerkulka sare iyo caabbinta cadaadiska sare, caabbinta wanaagsan ee gurguurta, awoodda kulaylka gaarka ah, iyo conductivity kaamerada wanaagsan. .

Marka loo eego qaab dhismeedka qayb kasta oo ka mid ah foornada kululaynta kulul iyo saamaynta xaaladda foornada, qalabka dib-u-celinta ee foornada kululaynta kulul ayaa loo qaybin karaa laba qaybood: heerkul sare iyo heerkul hoose. Qaybaha heerkulka sare: oo ay ku jiraan qaybta sare ee qolka gubta, leben jeegaga oo ku yaal qaybta sare ee dib-u-kicinta, lebenka derbiga weyn, dusha sare ee foornada, iwm.; Qaybaha heerkulka dhexe iyo hoose: oo ay ku jiraan qaybaha dhexe iyo hoose ee qolka gubanaya, leben jeeg ah oo ku yaal qaybaha dhexe iyo hoose ee dib-u-kicinta, lebenka derbiga weyn, iyo qaybaha dibadda, iwm.

Marka loo eego qaab dhismeedka foornada kulul ee kulul, waxaa loo qaybin karaa: dusha sare ee foornada, darbiga weyn ee dib-u-kicinta, leben hubinta, derbiga qaybinta, derbiga weyn ee qolka dabka, gubashada iyo qaybo kale. .

1. Refractory xagga sare ee foornada:

Dusha sare ee foornada waxay ku taal aagga heerkulka sare ee foornada kulul ee kulul, halkaas oo walxaha soo celiyaa ay si toos ah ula xiriiraan hawada kulul iyo gaasta qiiqa. Maaddada dib-u-celinta leh ee leh caabbinta shoogga kulaylka xooggan iyo iska caabinta gurguurta waa in la doortaa. Guud ahaan, lebennada silica iyo lebenka dhoobada gurguurta ee hooseeya ayaa la isticmaali karaa. Lebenka aluminiumka ah ee sarreeya, lebennada dahaarka sare leh, lebennada mullite, leben dhoobada fudud, lebenka andalusite, rinjiga buufinta aashitada u adkaysta, rinjiga buufinta dhoobada, iwm.

2. Qalabka dib-u-soo-celinta ee darbiga weyn ee dib-u-dhaliyaha:

Darbiga weyn ee dib-u-kicinta ayaa ah darbi weyn oo ka mid ah shooladda kululaynta dabka, halkaas oo heerkulka sare uu aad u sarreeyo, heerkulka hawaduna uu hooseeyo. Qaybta sare ee darbiga weyn ee dib-u-dhaqaale wuxuu isticmaali karaa leben silica, leben aluminium sare oo gurguurta oo hooseeya, iyo dahaarka kulaylka sare ee aluminium. bulukeeti, leben badan, leben dhoobo fudud, rinjiga buufinta aashitada u adkaysta, rinjiga buufinta fudud, iwm.

Qeybta dhexe, lebenka aluminiumka sare ee gurguurta ee hooseeya, lebenka mullite, leben andalusite, leben dhoobo fudud, rinjiga buufinta dhoobada, rinjiga buufinta iftiinka, iwm.

Qaybta hoose waxay isticmaali kartaa leben dhoobo ah, leben aluminium sare ah, leben dhoobo khafiif ah, leben dahaarka sare alumina, castables dhoobo, rinjiga buufin iftiin, shubka u adkaysta kulaylka, iwm.

3. Qalabka dib-u-celinta ee lebenka hubinta:

Aagga sare ee heerkulka sare ee leben hubinta ee dib-u-dhaqaale waa in laga sameeyaa maaddooyinka dib-u-kicinta leh oo leh xasilloonida heerkulka sare ee wanaagsan, daxalka iyo caabbinta gurguurta. Qaybaha dhexe iyo kuwa hoose waxay wataan cadaadis weyn oo ka yimaada alaabta sare ee dib u soo celinta. Marka lagu daro qancinta wax qabadkeeda gurguurta, waxay sidoo kale u baahan tahay inay u baahato wax qabad wanaagsan oo ah xoogeeda heerkulka caadiga ah iyo xasilloonida shoogga kulaylka.

Qaybta sare ee lebenka hubinta guud ahaan waxay isticmaashaa leben hubinta silikoon iyo lebenka hubinta aluminiumka sare, qaybta dhexe waxay isticmaashaa leben-gacan oo hooseeya. leben iyo leben jeegare dhoobo.

Intaa waxaa dheer, dib-u-soo-nooleeyaha shooladda kulul ee kuleylka guud ahaan waxay isticmaashaa kubbadaha dib-u-celinta si ay u beddelaan lebenka hubinta, kuwa ugu caansan waa kubbadaha aluminium ee sarreeya, kubbadaha dhoobada ayaa loo isticmaali karaa meelaha heerkulka hooseeya.

4. Qalabka dib-u-celinta ee darbiyada qaybinta:

Darbiga qaybintu waa gidaar leben refractory ah oo kala sooca dib-u-dhaliyaha iyo qolka gubanaya. Dhererka derbiga xijaabku guud ahaan waa 400 ~ 700mm ka sarreeya leben hubinta ee dib-u-dhaqaale si loo hubiyo qaybinta hawada isku midka ah. Sababtoo ah farqiga heerkulka weyn ee u dhexeeya labada dhinac ee derbiga qaybinta, farqiga ballaarinta kulaylka ee darbiga ayaa noqda mid weyn, taas oo keenta walxaha dib-u-celinta ee derbiga qaybinta si ay u habeeyaan, leexiyaan oo dillaacaan. Sidaa darteed, lebbiska silica iyo lebenka aluminium ee sare ayaa loo isticmaali karaa qaybta sare ee walxaha dib-u-celinta ee derbiga qaybinta.

Lebenka sare ee aluminium-ka iyo lebenka-aluminium-ka-xakamaynta sare ayaa loo isticmaali karaa dhexda, iyo lebenka sare ee aluminium-aluminiumka ah ee hooseeya ayaa loo isticmaali karaa qaybta shoogga kuleylka.

Leben dhoobo iyo leben khafiif ah ayaa loo isticmaali karaa qaybta hoose.

5. Qalabka dib-u-celinta ee gidaarka weyn ee qolka gubashada:

Derbiga weyn ee qolka gubanaya wuxuu asal ahaan la mid yahay walxaha dib-u-soo-celinta. Qaybta sare waxay isticmaali kartaa leben silica, leben alumina sare, leben dahaarka sare alumina, leben silica fudud, leben dhoobo fudud, rinjiga buufin, iwm.

Lebenka sare ee alumina, lebenka aluminiumka sare ee gurguurta ee hooseeya, lebenka dahaarka sare ee alumina, leben khafiif ah, rinjiga buufin, iwm ayaa loo isticmaali karaa dhexda.

Qaybta hoose waxay isticmaali kartaa leben dhoobo ah, leben aluminium sare ah, leben dhoobo ah oo khafiif ah, rinjiga buufinta, shubka kulaylka u adkaysta, iwm.

6. Dhuunta Gubida:

Dhuumaha gubida waa qalabka u soo dira hawada isku dhafka ah ee gaaska qolka gubashada si loo gubo. Waxaa jira walxo bir ah iyo dhoobo. Waqtigan xaadirka ah, inta badan kuwa gubanaya dhoobada ayaa la isticmaalaa. Si loo hubiyo cidhiidhiga hawada, daacadnimada iyo nolosha adeegga ee sanbabada gubida, Waxaa loo baahan yahay in isugeynta fidinta tooska ah iyo caabbinta gurguurta ee refractories halkan ay wanaagsan tahay, sidaas darteed tuubada gubida waxaa laga samayn karaa mullite, mullite-cordierite, sare. -aluminium-cordierite, aluminium-aluminum-sare preforms kabka, iwm.

7. Agabka dib-u-celinta ee qaybaha kale ee shooladda qaraxa kulul:

(1) Alaabta dib u soo celisa tuubooyinka hawada kulul, oo ay ku jiraan tuubooyinka sahayda hawada ugu muhiimsan, tuubooyinka laanta iyo hawada kulul ee ku wareegsan tuubooyinka. Guud ahaan, waxay ka samaysan tahay leben khafiif ah oo dhoobo ah, iyo hawada kulul ee hawada kulul iyo is-dhex-galka dhuunta hawada ee ugu muhiimsan ayaa laga samayn karaa leben sare oo aluminium ah iyo leben badan. Foornada kuleylka kulul ee ku wareegsan tuubada iyo tuubada laanta sahayda hawada waxaa si wada jir ah loogu shubi karaa kabka cement-ka-alumina-sare ah iyo kabka fosfatetada refractory.

(2) Qalabka hawada kulul ee kulul wuxuu ka samaysan yahay walxaha dib-u-soo-celinta, sidaas darteed labada dhinacba waa la kululeeyaa oo la geliyey gariir farsamo, daxal iyo isbeddel heerkulka. Nolosha dhogorta ee leben dhoobada iyo lebenka aluminiumka sare waa 6 ilaa Oktoobar, iyo kabka sibidhka sare ee alumina ayaa la isticmaalaa. Ku shubista nolosha qaabaynta waxay gaari kartaa ilaa 1.5 sano.

(3) Walxaha dib-u-celinta waxaa loo isticmaalaa qiiqa iyo qiiqa. qiiqa qiiqa waxaa inta badan loo isticmaalaa sii daynta gaasta flue. Gaaska qiiqa waa ka dheer yahay gaaska flue. Sidaa darteed, qalabka dib-u-celinta qiiqa waxaa lagu dhisi karaa leben dhoobo ah, qiiqa waxaa lagu shubi karaa shuban. Qeybta hoose waxaa lagu dhejiyaa leben dhoobo ah sida lakabka ilaalinta.