Noble metal yokuqhotsa isithando somlilo inkqubo refractory yokwakha kunye neemfuno zamatye

Inkqubo yokwakhiwa kwesithando somlilo kunye neemfuno zesithando somlilo esinqabileyo sesinyithi sihlanganiswe kwaye sihlanganiswe ngumenzi wezitena eziphikisayo.

Iziko lentsimbi enqabileyo yokutshisa i-furnace inesakhiwo sesetyhula, kubandakanywa amacandelo amahlanu: i-hearth lining, icandelo elisezantsi elithe tye udonga lwesithando somlilo, icandelo le-cone yesithando somlilo sodonga, icandelo eliphezulu elithe tye udonga lwesithando somlilo, kunye nophahla lwe-arch.

1. Imiqathango yokwakhiwa kwesithando somlilo:

(1) Iqokobhe lesithando somlilo lifakwe kwaye lidlulise ukuhlolwa.

(2) Ubushushu bommandla wokwakha abuyi kuba ngaphantsi kwe-5 ° C, kwaye ukuba bungaphantsi kwe-5 ° C, luya kunyangwa ngokwesicwangciso sokwakha sasebusika.

(3) Lawula ngokungqongqo iintlobo, ubungakanani kunye nomgangatho wezinto ezichasayo eziye zangena kwisiza ukuqinisekisa ukuba ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo kunye nolwakhiwo kwaye zinokuhlangabezana neemfuno zeshedyuli yokwakha.

2. Iinkqubo kunye neemfuneko zokwakha iziko lokubhaka:

(1) Inkqubo yokwakha:

Ulwamkelo lweqokobhe lesithando somlilo kunye nomiselo lwemisebenzi → ufakelo lwesikafula kunye nesakhelo sokuphakamisa → umgubo wegraphite yamanzi iglasi yokunqanda ukuthotywa kokutyabeka kudonga olungaphakathi lweqokobhe le-asbestos logqume ibhodi → umaleko osebenzayo weziko, umaleko wokugquma ukukhanya kunye nolwakhiwo olunzima lwezitena ezilandulayo → Uphahla lwezitena ezitshisiweyo zamatye →Susa ifreyim yokuphakamisa→Susa isikafula→Ulwakhiwo nokugcinwa kwepleyiti yosasazo enokuqholeka nokugcinwa→Ukucocwa kwendawo yokwakha nokugqitywa nokuhanjiswa.

(2) Amanyathelo obugcisa bokwakha:

1) Ufakelo lwesikafula:

I-scaffold yangaphakathi ye-lining yesithando somlilo isebenzisa i-scaffolds ye-fastener-type yentsimbi yombhobho ukubonelela abasebenzi bokwakha ukuhamba kunye neenjongo zokwakha. Ngoko ke, kufuneka yakhiwe ngokuhambelana neemfuno zokuyila ukuqinisekisa ukuzinza nokuzinza kwayo.

2) Ukuthuthwa kwezixhobo ezichasayo:

Uthutho oluthe tyaba: Izinto ezizimelayo kwindawo yokwakha zihanjiswa ngokubanzi ngeelori zokubeka, zongezwa ngokuphathwa ngesandla, kunye nabasebenzi bokwakha kunye nezixhobo eziphikisayo zinokungena kwaye ziphume kumngxuma weqokobhe lesithando somlilo.

Uthutho oluthe nkqo: Sebenzisa isakhelo sokunyusela esakhiwe ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwesithando somlilo ukuhambisa izinto eziphikisayo kunye nabasebenzi bokwakha phezulu naphantsi.

3) Ukuveliswa kwamatayara e-arch kunye neetemplates:

Imingxunya yesithando somlilo kunye nezinye ii-arched masonry ezifunekayo amatayara kunye nezinto zokugalela ezifunekayo ekwakhiweni kufuneka zigqitywe kwisiza ngokweemfuno.

4) Ukuhlola izitena eziphikisayo:

Emva kokuba zonke izitena eziphikisayo zingena kwindawo, zihlelwa ngokwezinto ezahlukeneyo kunye neenkcukacha kwaye zigcinwe ngendlela ehlelekile. Izitena eziphikisayo ezineekona ezinzulu ezilahlekileyo, ukuqhekeka, ukugoba kunye nezinye iziphene zikhethiweyo kwaye azikwazi ukusetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa. Zinokugcinelwa ukulungisa izitena. .

5) Ukubekwa kwangaphambili kunye nokulungisa izitena eziphikisayo:

Ukuze kuqinisekiswe inkqubo yokwakha, izitena eziphikisayo ze-vault kunye nomngxuma ngamnye ngokuqhelekileyo zakhiwe kwangaphambili ukugweba ukucubungula kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezitena eziphikisayo. Inokuphinda ihlole ukuba ingaba inkqubo yenkxaso yokwakha iqinile kwaye inokwethenjelwa, nokuba ngaba izixhobo ezixubileyo zenzelwe kwaye ziyafuneka. Iingxaki zokwakha zifunyenwe kwaye zisonjululwe kwangaphambili ngokusebenzisa i-pre-masonry, ukwenzela ukuba abasebenzi bokwakha baqonde ngcono umyalelo wobume, iimfuno zomgangatho kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto eziphikisayo.

a. I-pre-masonry ye-masonry ifana ne-masonry esemthethweni, umehluko kukuba i-masonry emanzi iguqulwa ibe yindawo eyomileyo yokubeka, kwaye i-joint yokwandisa kufuneka ihlangabezane neemfuno zokuyila kunye nokwakhiwa.

b. I-prefabrication yezitena ze-vault kufuneka iqhutywe phantsi phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo kunye neemeko zangempela, kunye ne-prefabrication yomngxuma ngamnye unokuqhutyelwa kwi-shed yokwakhiwa okanye kumhlaba wendawo yokwakha.

c. I-masonry masonry yomngxuma isebenzisa izitena ezinqabileyo ezikhethekileyo. Xa i-masonry pre-masonry, i-masonry refractory isitena sobukhulu bempazamo kufuneka ilawulwe ngokungqongqo ngokweemfuno zoyilo. Xa impazamo inkulu kakhulu ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zamatye, izitena eziphikisayo kufuneka zicutshungulwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba umgangatho wokwakhiwa kwamatye uhlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo lokwakha.

d. Emva kokuba i-pre-masonry yemingxuma kunye nezitena ze-vault refractory zigqityiwe kwaye ukuhlolwa kuchanekile, izitena eziphikisayo zibalwe kwaye ziphawulwe, ukwenzela ukuba i-masonry esemthethweni iqhutywe ngokuchanekileyo nangokufanelekileyo.

6) Ukuhlolwa kweqokobhe lesithando somlilo, ukwamkelwa kunye nokumiswa:

Emva kokuba iqokobhe lesithando somlilo lifakelwe kwaye ligqithise ukwamkelwa, khupha umgca ophakathi womzimba wesithando somlilo, kwaye uphinde uhlaziye i-ovality yeqokobhe yesithando somlilo kunye nokuphakama kwe-masonry yecandelo ngalinye. Umgca wobude bomaleko uphawulwe.