Menene illolin abubuwa daban -daban a ƙarfe Ƙarfafa ƙarfe?

(1) Carbon (C) Carbon yana ƙayyade taurin da za a iya samu bayan kashewa. Abubuwan da ke cikin carbon suna da yawa kuma ƙwanƙwasawa yana da girma, amma yana da sauƙin kashe fasa. Gabaɗaya, an zaɓi w (C) ya zama 0.30% zuwa 0.50%, kuma ƙimar taurin da aka samu ta wannan hanyar kusan 50 zuwa 60HRC. Babban ƙima na ƙimar taurin yana ƙuntata ta abun cikin carbon. Aikace -aikacen ya tabbatar da cewa wannan abun da ke cikin carbon ya kusan 0.50%. Ana amfani da mafi yawan abubuwan carbon a wasu lokuta. Misali, Rolls ana yin su da ƙarfe tare da w (C) 0.80%, w (Cr) 1.8%da w (Mo) 0.25%. Karfe na Carbon wanda baya ƙunshe da abubuwan haɗawa yana buƙatar ƙima mai sanyaya jiki, don haka yana lalacewa sosai, yana da babban haɗarin fashewa, kuma yana da ƙarancin ƙarfi.

2) Silicon (Si) Baya ga inganta ƙarfi da ƙarfi, silicon a cikin ƙarfe kuma yana iya cire gas a cikin ƙarfe yayin ƙera ƙarfe kuma yana yin tasirin kwantar da hankali.

(3) Manganese (Mn) Manganese a cikin ƙarfe yana inganta ƙarfin ƙarfe kuma yana rage ƙimar sanyaya mai mahimmanci. Manganese yana samar da ingantaccen bayani a cikin ferrite lokacin zafi, wanda zai iya ƙara ƙarfin ƙarfe. Ana amfani da ƙarfe na Manganese lokacin da zurfin Layer mai tauri ya fi 4mm. Saboda yana rage ƙima mai mahimmanci na sanyaya, ana iya samun taurin taurin ƙarfi a ƙarƙashin yanayin da ƙayyadaddun sanyaya ba ta da ƙarfi.

(4) Chromium (Cr) Tun da chromium a cikin ƙarfe na iya samar da carbides, ya zama dole a haɓaka zafin dumama da tsawaita lokacin dumama, wanda ba shi da illa ga ƙarar murzawa. Amma chromium yana inganta ƙarfin ƙarfe (mai kama da manganese), kuma ƙarfe na chromium yana da kaddarorin inji mafi girma a cikin yanayin da aka kashe da zafin hali. Don haka, galibi ana amfani da 40Cr da 45Cr wajen ƙera kayan aiki masu nauyi da ƙwanƙwasawa. M (Cr) a cikin shigar ƙarfe mai ƙarfi galibi bai wuce 1.5%ba, kuma mafi girman bai wuce 2%ba. A ƙarƙashin yanayi na musamman, ana iya yin taurin ƙarfafawa yayin da w (Cr) bai wuce 17%ba, amma ana buƙatar zafin zafin zafi sosai, kuma zafin zafin yana ƙasa da 1200T. A wannan lokacin, carbides za su narke cikin sauri kafin a iya kashe su gaba ɗaya.

(5) Aluminium (Mo) Aluminium a cikin ƙarfe na iya haɓaka ƙarfin ƙarfi, kuma abun cikin molybdenum a cikin ƙarfe ƙarami ne.

(6) Sulfur (S) Sulfur a cikin ƙarfe zai zama sulfide. Gwaje -gwaje sun nuna cewa lokacin da aka rage abun da ke cikin sulfur, haɓakawa da rage yanki suna inganta, kuma tasirin ƙimar tasirin yana ƙaruwa.

(7) Phosphorus (P) Phosphorus a cikin ƙarfe ba ya samar da phosphide, amma yana da sauƙin haifar da rarrabuwa mai mahimmanci, don haka yana da cutarwa.