Iyini imiphumela yezakhi ezahlukahlukene ngensimbi ukuqina kwensimbi?

(1) Ikhabhoni (C) Ikhabhoni inquma ubulukhuni obungatholakala ngemuva kokucishwa. Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kuphezulu futhi ukuqina kokucima kuphezulu, kepha kulula ukucima imifantu. Ngokuvamile, i-w (C) ikhethwe ukuthi ibe ngu-0.30% kuye ku-0.50%, futhi inani lobulukhuni elitholwe ngale ndlela cishe liyi-50 kuye ku-60HRC. Umkhawulo ophezulu wenani lobulukhuni uvinjelwe okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni. Ukuzijwayeza kufakazele ukuthi lokhu okuqukethwe yi-carbon kungu-0.50%. Ukuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ephakeme kwesinye isikhathi kuyasetshenziswa. Isibonelo, imiqulu yenziwa ngensimbi nge-w (C) 0.80%, w (Cr) 1.8% kanye w (Mo) 0.25%. Insimbi yeCarbon engenazo izakhi zokuxuba izinto idinga izinga eliphakeme lokupholisa, ngakho-ke ikhubazeka kakhulu, inokuthambekela okuphezulu kokuqhekeka, futhi inobulukhuni obubi.

2) I-Silicon (Si) Ngaphezu kokuthuthukisa amandla nobulukhuni, i-silicon ensimbi nayo ingasusa igesi ngensimbi ngesikhathi sokwenza insimbi futhi idlale umphumela wokuthambisa.

(3) I-Manganese (Mn) I-Manganese ngensimbi ithuthukisa ukuqina kwensimbi futhi yehlisa izinga lokupholisa elibucayi. I-Manganese yakha isisombululo esiqinile ku-ferrite lapho ishisiwe, engakhuphula amandla wensimbi. Insimbi yeManganese ijwayele ukusetshenziswa lapho ukujula kwesendlalelo esiqinisiwe kukhulu kuno-4mm. Ngoba yehlisa isilinganiso esibucayi sokupholisa, ubulukhuni obufanayo bokucima bungatholakala ngaphansi kwezimo lapho ukucacisa kokupholisa kungazinzile.

(4) I-Chromium (Cr) Njengoba i-chromium ngensimbi ingakha ama-carbides, kuyadingeka ukukhuphula izinga lokushisa lokushisa nokwelula isikhathi sokushisa, okuyinkinga ekuqiniseni kwe-induction. Kepha i-chromium ithuthukisa ukuqina kwensimbi (okufana ne-manganese), futhi insimbi ye-chromium inezakhiwo eziphakeme kakhulu zomshini esimweni sokucinywa nesentukuthelo. Ngakho-ke, i-40Cr ne-45Cr zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukwenziwa kwamagiya asindayo nezinsimbi ze-spline. I-m (Cr) ekungenisweni kwensimbi eqinile ngokuvamile ayikho ngaphezu kwe-1.5%, futhi ephezulu kakhulu ayikho ngaphezu kuka-2%. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezikhethekile, ukuqina kwe-induction nakho kungenziwa lapho i-w (Cr) ingaphansi kwe-17%, kepha kudingeka izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu, futhi izinga lokushisa lingaphansi kwe-1200T. Ngalesi sikhathi, ama-carbide azoncibilika ngokushesha ngaphambi kokuba aqedwe ngokuphelele.

(5) I-Aluminium (Mo) I-Aluminium ensimbi ingathuthukisa ukuqina, futhi okuqukethwe kwe-molybdenum ngensimbi kuncane kakhulu.

(6) Isibabule (S) Isibabule sensimbi sizokwakha i-sulfide. Izivivinyo zikhombisile ukuthi lapho okuqukethwe kwesibabule kuncishisiwe, ukunwebeka nokuncishiswa kwendawo kuyathuthukiswa, futhi inani lomthelela wokuqina liyakhuphuka.

(7) I-Phosphorus (P) I-Phosphorus ngensimbi ayakhi i-phosphide, kepha kulula ukudala ukwehlukaniswa okukhulu, ngakho-ke kuyinto eyingozi.