Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo kunye neendlela zonyango ze izixhobo zokucima rhoqo iingots kunye nemivalo

1. I-Decarbonization

I-decarburization ibangelwa ikakhulu kukuchithwa kwemathiriyeli ekrwada ngokwayo kudlula iimfuno zokusetyenzwa. Ngoko ke, kufuneka siqinise ukuhlolwa komgangatho wezinto eziluhlaza ngaphambi kokuba unyango lobushushu.

Okwesibini, i-microstructure ayifanelekanga (inaliti ecinyiweyo ye-martensite inzima) Esi siphene sibangelwa ubukhulu becala lobushushu obuphezulu. Ke ngoko, kwinkqubo yonyango lobushushu kusetyenziswa isithando somlilo esinesantya esiphezulu, kufuneka sinciphise ngokufanelekileyo ubushushu bokufudumala ukuze siqinisekise ukuba ubushushu bobushushu buhlangabezana neemfuno.

3. Utshintsho ngenxa yokunyamezelana Izizathu kunye namanyathelo okuthintela zezi zilandelayo:

1. Ukuphelisa uxinzelelo alwanelanga. Ke ngoko, kufuneka sisebenzise iziko lokucima isantya esiphezulu kunyango olwaneleyo lokucima. Ukushukuma ngexesha lokufudumeza okanye ukupholisa, ngoko ke, kufuneka siqinisekise ukuba i-workpiece ingena kwindawo yokupholisa ngokuthe nkqo xa isebenza ukukhusela i-spindle ukuba ingangqubani nezinye izinto.

2. Ukuba ukushisa kwe-preheating akulingani okanye ixesha lifutshane, kufuneka sikhethe ngokufanelekileyo isithando sokufudumala esinesimo esihle sokushisa, kwaye ixesha lokufudumala kufuneka libe lanele.

4. Ubulukhuni obuphantsi okanye ubunzima obungalinganiyo

Izizathu zesi siphene kunye namanyathelo alo okuthintela zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: Iqondo lokushisa lokucima liphantsi okanye ixesha lokufudumala lifutshane, kufuneka sifezekise ngokungqongqo iimfuno zeeparitha zenkqubo yokushisa ukushisa. Isantya sokupholisa siyacotha okanye indawo yokupholisa ayifanelekanga. Ke ngoko, ngexesha lokucima ubushushu bonyango, kufuneka sikhawuleze Izahlulo zichongwe ukuze zicinywe ngokwenqanaba ukunqanda ixesha lokupholisa komoya ngokugqithisileyo, kwaye indawo yokupholisa efanelekileyo kufuneka ikhethwe.

5. Ukophuka

Izizathu zeziphene zokwaphuka kunye namanyathelo azo okuthintela zilandelayo: Ubushushu bokucima buyinto engaqhelekanga, ngoko xa usebenzisa i-high-frequency quenching eziko lokucima unyango lobushushu, kufuneka siphumeze ngokungqongqo iimfuno zenkqubo yokushisa ukushisa. Umbutho wezinto eziluhlaza awufaneleki, ngoko ke, kufuneka sihlole ukulungelelaniswa kwempahla ekrwada ukuqinisekisa ukuba iyahlangabezana neemfuno ngaphambi kokuba ifakwe kwimveliso.