Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye- izitini ze-magnesia carbon refractory

impahla eluhlaza

Izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zezitini ze-MgO-C zifaka i-magnesia ehlanganisiwe noma i-sintered magnesia, i-flake graphite, ama-organic binder nama-antioxidants.

I-Magnesia

I-Magnesia iyinto eyinhloko yokukhiqiza izitini ze-MgO-C, ezingahlukaniswa zibe yi-magnesia ehlanganisiwe kanye ne-sintered magnesia. Uma iqhathaniswa ne-sintered magnesia, i-magnesia ehlanganisiwe inezinzuzo zezinhlayiya zekristalu e-periclase kanye nokuminyana kwevolumu yezinhlayiyana ezinkulu. Yiyona nto eyinhloko esetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izitini ze-carbon magnesia. Ukukhiqizwa kwama-magnesia refractories ajwayelekile kudinga amandla okushisa aphezulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala kwezinto ezingavuthiwe ze-magnesia. Ngakho-ke, kuqashelwa ukuhlanzeka kwe-magnesia kanye nesilinganiso se-C/S nokuqukethwe kwe-B2O3 ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali. Ngokuthuthuka kwemboni ye-metallurgical, izimo zokuncibilika ziya ngokuya ziba nzima. Ngaphandle kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali, i-magnesia esetshenziswe ezitini ze-MgO-C ezisetshenziswa emishini yensimbi (i-converter, isithando somlilo kagesi, i-ladle, njll.) idinga ukuminyana okuphezulu kanye ne-Great crystallization.

Umthombo wekhabhoni

Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi izitini zendabuko ze-MgO-C noma izitini ze-MgO-C ezine-carbon ephansi ezisetshenziswa ngobuningi, i-flake graphite isetshenziswa kakhulu njengomthombo wayo wekhabhoni. I-graphite, njengempahla yokusetshenziswa eyinhloko yokukhiqizwa kwezitini ze-MgO-C, izuza kakhulu ezintweni zayo ezibonakalayo ezinhle kakhulu: ① ukungeniswa ku-slag. ②Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwe-thermal. ③Ukunwetshwa kwe-thermal okuphansi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinto ze-graphite kanye ne-refractory azikho i-eutectic emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, futhi zine-refractoriness ephezulu. Ukuhlanzeka kwegraphite kunomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kwezitini ze-MgO-C. Ngokuvamile, i-graphite enokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni engaphezu kuka-95%, futhi kuhle kakhulu, ngaphezu kuka-98% kufanele kusetshenziswe.

Ngaphezu kwe-graphite, i-carbon black nayo ivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izitini ze-carbon magnesia. Ikhabhoni emnyama iyimpuphu emnyama ehlakazeke kakhulu ekhiqizwa ukubola okushisayo noma ukushiswa okungaphelele kwama-hydrocarbon hydrocarbon. Ikhabhoni emnyama inezinhlayiya ezinhle (ngaphansi kwe-1μm), indawo enkulu ethize enkulu, kanti ingxenye enkulu yekhabhoni ingu-90 ~ 99%, ukuhlanzeka okuphezulu, ukumelana nempuphu ephezulu, ukuzinza okuphezulu kokushisa, ukuhanjiswa kwe-thermal, kunzima ukwenza i-graphitize ikhabhoni. . Ukwengezwa kwekhabhoni emnyama kungathuthukisa ukumelana kwe-spalling kwezitini ze-MgO-C, kwandise inani lekhabhoni esele, futhi kwandise ukuminyana kwezitini.

I-ejenti ebophayo

Izibophezelo ezivame ukusetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni izitini ze-MgO-C zihlanganisa itiyela lamalahle, itiyela lamalahle kanye ne-petroleum pitch, kanye nama-carbon resins akhethekile, ama-polyols, ama-phenolic resins ashintshwe iphimbo, ama-synthetic resins, njll. I-ejenti yokubopha esetshenzisiwe inezinhlobo ezilandelayo:

1) Asphalt izinto. I-Tar pitch iwuhlobo lwe-thermoplastic material. Inezici zokuhlobana okuphezulu ne-graphite ne-magnesium oxide, izinga eliphezulu le-carbon residual ngemuva kwe-carbonization, nezindleko eziphansi. Isetshenziswe ngobuningi esikhathini esidlule; kodwa itiyela liqukethe i-carcinogenic aromatics hydrocarbons, ikakhulukazi okuqukethwe kwe-benzophthalone. Phezulu; ngenxa yokuqiniswa kokuqwashisa ngemvelo, ukusetshenziswa kwetiyela manje sekuya kuncipha.

2) Resin izinto. I-synthetic resin yenziwa ukusabela kwe-phenol ne-formaldehyde. Ingakwazi ukuxubana kahle nezinhlayiya eziphikisayo ekamelweni lokushisa. Ngemuva kwe-carbonization, izinga le-carbon esele liphezulu. Njengamanje isibopho esiyinhloko sokukhiqizwa kwezitini ze-MgO-C; kodwa yakheka ngemva carbonization. Isakhiwo senethiwekhi esiyingilazi asifanele ukumelana nokushaqeka okushisayo kanye nokumelana ne-oxidation yezinto eziphikisayo.

3) Ngesisekelo se-asphalt ne-resin, into etholakala ngemva kokuguqulwa. Uma i-ejenti yokubopha ingenziwa nge-carbonized ukuze yakhe isakhiwo esihlanganisiwe futhi yakhe impahla ye-carbon fibre in situ, khona-ke le ejenti yokubopha izothuthukisa ukusebenza kwezinga lokushisa okuphezulu kwento ephikisayo.

Antioxidants

Ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana ne-oxidation yezitini ze-MgO-C, inani elincane lezithasiselo livame ukungezwa. Izithasiselo ezivamile yi-Si, Al, Mg, Al-Si, Al-Mg, Al-Mg-Ca, Si-Mg-Ca, SiC, B4C, BN kanye nezithasiselo zakamuva ezibikiwe i-Al-BC kanye ne-Al-SiC-C [5 -7]. Isimiso sesenzo sezithasiselo singahlukaniswa cishe sibe yizici ezimbili: Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokombono we-thermodynamics, okungukuthi, ekushiseni okusebenzayo, izithasiselo noma izithasiselo zisabela nekhabhoni ukuze zenze ezinye izinto, futhi ukuhlangana kwazo komoya-mpilo kukhulu. kunekhabhoni nomoya-mpilo. , Kuthatha indawo yokuqala ngaphezu kwekhabhoni ukuze ifakwe i-oxidized ukuvikela ikhabhoni; ngakolunye uhlangothi, ngokombono we-kinetics, i-chemical Density, i-block pores, ivimbela ukusabalalisa kwe-oksijeni nemikhiqizo yokusabela, njll.