Mavuto angapo mu Sensor Design

Zida zotenthetsera induction zikuphatikizapo magetsi oyatsira moto, magetsi, makina oziziritsa madzi ndi makina odzaza ndi kutsitsa zinthu, ndi zina zotero, koma cholinga chachikulu ndikupanga inductor yokhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito nthawi yaitali.

Ma inductors omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwotcha kwapang’onopang’ono osasoweka amakhala makamaka ma spiral inductors. Malingana ndi mawonekedwe, kukula ndi zofunikira za ndondomeko zopanda kanthu, mawonekedwe a kamangidwe ka inductor ndi mtundu wa ng’anjo yowotchera amasankhidwa. Chachiwiri ndikusankha mafupipafupi omwe ali nawo panopa ndikudziwitsa mphamvu zomwe zimafunika kuti ziwotche zopanda kanthu, zomwe zimaphatikizapo mphamvu zogwira ntchito zomwe zimafunika kuti ziwotche zomwe zilibe kanthu komanso kutaya kwake kosiyanasiyana.

Pamene chosowekacho chikutenthedwa movutikira, mphamvu ndi kachulukidwe kamphamvu kolowera pamwamba pa chopanda kanthu chifukwa cha kulowetsedwa kumatsimikiziridwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa pamwamba ndi pakatikati pa chosowacho chomwe chimafunidwa ndi ndondomekoyi kumatsimikizira nthawi yotentha yotentha ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yopanda kanthu mu inductor, yomwe imatsimikiziranso kutalika kwa coil yopangira kutentha kwa sequential ndi mosalekeza. Kutalika kwa koyilo yolumikizira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kumadalira kutalika kwa chopanda kanthu.

Nthawi zambiri, voteji ya terminal ya inductor imatenga voteji yokhazikika pamapangidwe ndikugwiritsa ntchito kwenikweni, ndipo voteji sisintha panthawi yonseyi kuyambira poyambira kutentha mpaka kumapeto kwa kutentha. Pokhapokha pakuwotcha kwapang’onopang’ono, mphamvu yamagetsi iyenera kuchepetsedwa pamene kutentha kopanda kanthu kuyenera kukhala kofanana, kapena kutentha kukakhala kopitilira muyeso wa Curie pomwe maginito amatenthedwa, mphamvu yamagetsi yazinthuyo imasowa, ndipo kutentha kumatenthedwa. pang’onopang’ono. Kuti muwonjezere kutentha ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yamagetsi ya inductor. Mu maola 24 patsiku, magetsi operekedwa mufakitale akusintha, ndipo nthawi zina amafika 10% -15%. Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamagetsi yotereyi pakuwotcha pafupipafupi kwamagetsi, kutentha kwapang’onopang’ono komwe kulibe kanthu kumakhala kosagwirizana kwambiri munthawi yotentha yomweyi. Pamene kutentha kwa kutentha kwa chinthu chopanda kanthu kumakhala kovuta, magetsi okhazikika ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Chifukwa chake, chipangizo chokhazikitsira magetsi chiyenera kuwonjezeredwa kumagetsi opangira magetsi kuti zitsimikizire kuti magetsi amagetsi amagetsi amasinthasintha pansi pa 2%. Ndikofunikira kwambiri kutenthetsa workpiece ndi kutentha, apo ayi makina amtundu wautali wa workpiece adzakhala osagwirizana pambuyo pa chithandizo cha kutentha.

Kuwongolera mphamvu pakuwotcha kwapang’onopang’ono kwa zopanda kanthu kumatha kugawidwa m’mitundu iwiri. Fomu yoyamba imachokera pa mfundo yoyendetsera nthawi yotentha. Malinga ndi nthawi ya takt yopanga, chopandacho chimatumizidwa mu ng’anjo yotenthetsera kuti itenthetse ndikukankhira kunja kuti mupeze zokolola zokhazikika. . Pakupanga kwenikweni, nthawi yowotchera yowongolera imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, ndipo kutentha kwa chopanda kanthu kumayesedwa pomwe zida zasinthidwa, ndi nthawi yotenthetsera yomwe ikufunika kuti ifikire kutentha komwe kumatchulidwa komanso kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa pamwamba ndi pakati pa chopanda kanthu. zitha kutsimikiziridwa pansi pa chikhalidwe china chamagetsi. Njirayi ndi yabwino popanga ndi kupondaponda njira zokhala ndi zokolola zambiri, zomwe zimatha kuonetsetsa kuti njira zopangira komanso kupondaponda mosalekeza. Fomu yachiwiri ndiyo kuyendetsa mphamvu molingana ndi kutentha, komwe kwenikweni kumachokera ku kutentha kwa kutentha. Chopandacho chikafika pa kutentha komwe kwatchulidwa, chimatulutsidwa nthawi yomweyo.

ng’anjo. Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazosowa zokhala ndi zofunika kwambiri kutentha komaliza, monga kupanga zitsulo zopanda chitsulo. Nthawi zambiri, pakuwotcha kotenthetsera komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi kutentha, malo ochepa okha amatha kutenthedwa mu inductor imodzi, chifukwa pali zinthu zambiri zomwe zimatenthedwa nthawi imodzi, ndipo kutentha kwa kutentha kumakhala kovuta kuwongolera.

Pamene mphamvu yolowetsayo ilibe kanthu, malo otentha ndi mphamvu zowonongeka zomwe zimakwaniritsa zofunikira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito zimapezedwa, inductor ikhoza kupangidwa ndikuwerengedwa. Chinsinsi ndicho kudziwa kuchuluka kwa kutembenuka kwa coil induction, komwe magwiridwe antchito apano ndi magetsi a inductor amatha kuwerengedwa. , Mphamvu yamagetsi COS A ndi kukula kwa magawo apakati a coil conductor induction.

Mapangidwe ndi kuwerengera kwa inductor ndizovuta kwambiri, ndipo pali zinthu zambiri zowerengera. Chifukwa zongoganiza zina zimapangidwa munjira yowerengera, sizigwirizana kwathunthu ndi momwe kutentha kumatenthetsera, kotero kumakhala kovuta kuwerengera zotsatira zolondola kwambiri. . Nthawi zina pamakhala kutembenuka kochulukira kwa koyilo yolowera, ndipo kutentha kofunikira sikungafikidwe mkati mwa nthawi yotenthetsera yomwe yatchulidwa; pamene chiwerengero cha kutembenuka kwa coil induction ndi chochepa, kutentha kwa kutentha kwadutsa kutentha kofunikira mkati mwa nthawi yotentha yomwe yatchulidwa. Ngakhale mpopi ukhoza kusungidwa pa coil yolowetsamo ndipo zosintha zoyenera zitha kupangidwa, nthawi zina chifukwa cha zofooka zamapangidwe, makamaka ma frequency inductor, sikoyenera kusiya mpopi. Kwa masensa otere omwe sakwaniritsa zofunikira zaukadaulo, amayenera kuchotsedwa ndikukonzedwanso kuti apange zatsopano. Malinga ndi zaka zathu zoyeserera, ma data ena ampirical ndi ma chart amapezedwa, omwe samangofewetsa mapangidwe ndi kuwerengera, amapulumutsa nthawi yowerengera, komanso amapereka zotsatira zodalirika zowerengera.

Mfundo zingapo zomwe ziyenera kuganiziridwa pamapangidwe a sensa zimayambitsidwa motere.

1. Gwiritsani ntchito zithunzi kuti muchepetse kuwerengera

Zotsatira zina zowerengera zalembedwa mu tchati kuti zisankhidwe mwachindunji, monga m’mimba mwake yopanda kanthu, mafupipafupi omwe alipo, kutentha kwa kutentha, kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa pamwamba ndi pakati pa nthawi yopanda kanthu ndi kutentha mu Table 3-15. Zina zamphamvu zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwongolera ndi kutaya kutentha kwa radiation panthawi yotenthetsera yopanda kanthu. Kutaya kwa kutentha kwa cylindrical cholimba chopanda kanthu ndi 10% -15% ya mphamvu yogwira ntchito yotenthetsera yopanda kanthu, ndipo kutayika kwa kutentha kwa cylindrical yopanda kanthu ndi mphamvu yogwira ntchito yotentha yopanda kanthu. 15% -25%, kuwerengera kumeneku sikudzakhudza kulondola kwa kuwerengera.

2. Sankhani malire apansi apafupipafupi

Chopandacho chikatenthedwa, ma frequency awiri apano angasankhidwe kuti akhale opanda kanthu (onani Table 3-15). Mafupipafupi apansi amakono ayenera kusankhidwa, chifukwa mafupipafupi omwe alipo tsopano ndi apamwamba ndipo mtengo wamagetsi ndi wapamwamba.

3. Sankhani mphamvu yamagetsi

Voltage yamagetsi ya inductor imasankha voliyumu yovotera kuti igwiritse ntchito mokwanira mphamvu yamagetsi, makamaka pakuwotcha kwamagetsi pafupipafupi, ngati voteji yamagetsi yamagetsi ndi yotsika kuposa ma voliyumu ovotera magetsi, kuchuluka kwa ma capacitor omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonza mphamvu yamagetsi cos

4. Avereji Kutentha mphamvu ndi zida unsembe mphamvu

Chopandacho chimatenthedwa mosalekeza kapena motsatizana. Pamene magetsi opangira magetsi amaperekedwa kwa inductor ndi “= nthawi zonse, mphamvu yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi inductor imakhala yosasinthika. Powerengedwa ndi mphamvu yapakati, mphamvu yoyika zida zimangofunika kukhala yaikulu kuposa mphamvu yapakati. Maginito opanda kanthu amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kuzungulira. Kutentha kwamtundu wa induction, mphamvu yogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi inductor imasintha ndi nthawi yotenthetsera, ndipo mphamvu yotenthetsera patsogolo pa Curie point ndi 1.5-2 kuwirikiza mphamvu yapakati, kotero mphamvu yoyika zida iyenera kukhala yayikulu kuposa kutentha kopanda kanthu pamaso pa Curie. mfundo. mphamvu.

5. Kuwongolera mphamvu pa gawo la unit

Pamene chopandacho chikuwotchedwa, chifukwa cha zofunikira za kusiyana kwa kutentha pakati pa pamwamba ndi pakati pa chopanda kanthu ndi nthawi yotentha, mphamvu pa gawo lililonse lopanda kanthu imasankhidwa kukhala 0.2-0. 05kW/cm2o popanga inductor.

6. Kusankhidwa kwa resistivity opanda kanthu

Chopandacho chikatengera kutentha kotsatizana komanso kosalekeza, kutentha kwapachopanda kanthu mu sensa kumasintha mosalekeza kuchokera kutsika kupita kumtunda motsatira njira ya axial. Powerengera sensa, kukana kopanda kanthu kuyenera kusankhidwa molingana ndi 100 ~ 200 ° C kutsika kuposa kutentha kwa kutentha. mlingo, zotsatira zowerengera zidzakhala zolondola kwambiri.

7. Kusankhidwa kwa gawo la gawo la sensa yamagetsi yamagetsi

Ma frequency inductors amatha kupangidwa ngati gawo limodzi, magawo awiri ndi magawo atatu. Inductor yamagetsi yamagetsi yagawo limodzi imakhala ndi kutentha kwabwinoko, ndipo chowotcha chamagetsi cha magawo atatu chimakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yamagetsi, yomwe nthawi zina imakankhira chopanda kanthu kuchokera mu inductors. Ngati mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi yagawo limodzi ikufunika mphamvu yayikulu, chowerengera cha magawo atatu chiyenera kuwonjezeredwa kumagetsi opangira magetsi kuti azitha kuyendetsa bwino mphamvu ya magawo atatu. Magawo atatu opangira mphamvu pafupipafupi amatha kulumikizidwa ndi gawo la magawo atatu. Katundu wa magawo atatu amagetsi sangathe kulinganizidwa bwino, ndipo mphamvu yamagetsi yagawo itatu yokha yomwe imaperekedwa ndi msonkhano wa fakitale si yofanana. Popanga makina opangira magetsi, gawo limodzi kapena magawo atatu liyenera kusankhidwa molingana ndi kukula kwa chopanda kanthu, mtundu wa ng’anjo yotenthetsera yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, mulingo wa kutentha kwa kutentha ndi kukula kwa zokolola.

8. Kusankha njira yowerengera sensa

Chifukwa cha mapangidwe osiyanasiyana a ma inductors, ma inductors omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pakuwotcha kwapakati pafupipafupi alibe ma conductor maginito (ng’anjo zazikulu zapakatikati zosungunula ma frequency amakhala ndi ma conductor maginito), pomwe ma inductors otenthetsera ma frequency induction ali ndi zida. maginito conductors, kotero Pakupanga ndi kuwerengera kwa inductor, zimaganiziridwa kuti inductor popanda maginito conductor amatengera njira yowerengera inductance, ndipo inductor yokhala ndi maginito conductor imatenga njira yowerengera maginito, ndipo zotsatira zowerengera zimakhala zolondola kwambiri. .

9. Gwiritsani ntchito mokwanira madzi ozizira a inductor kuti apulumutse mphamvu

Madzi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuziziritsa sensa ndi oziziritsa okha ndipo samaipitsidwa. Nthawi zambiri, kutentha kwa madzi olowera ndi osakwana 30Y, ndipo kutentha kwamadzi komwe kumachokera kuzizira ndi 50Y. Pakalipano, opanga ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira omwe amazungulira. Ngati kutentha kwa madzi kuli kwakukulu, amawonjezera kutentha kwa chipinda kuti achepetse kutentha kwa madzi, koma kutentha kwa madzi ozizira sikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Mng’anjo yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi ya fakitale ili ndi mphamvu ya 700kW. Ngati mphamvu ya inductor ndi 70%, 210kW ya kutentha idzachotsedwa ndi madzi, ndipo madzi akumwa adzakhala 9t / h. Kuti mugwiritse ntchito mokwanira madzi otentha mutatha kuziziritsa inductor, madzi otentha ozizira amatha kulowetsedwa mu msonkhano wopanga ngati madzi apakhomo. Popeza ng’anjo yotenthetsera yotenthetsera imagwira ntchito mosalekeza katatu patsiku, madzi otentha amapezeka kuti anthu azigwiritsa ntchito maola 24 patsiku m’bafa, zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito madzi ozizira komanso mphamvu zotentha.