Menene abubuwan dumama na murhu?

Abubuwan dumama tanderu sun haɗa da wayoyi na murhu na lantarki, sandunan siliki carbide, da sandunan molybdenum na silicon.

Wutar murhun lantarki:

Wayar tanderun lantarki an yi ta ne da ƙarfe-chromium-aluminum da nickel-chromium na dumama gami wayoyi. Kwamfuta ce ke sarrafa wutar lantarkin waya, kuma na’urar iska mai sauri ta raunata ta. Ya ƙunshi ƙarfe-chromium-aluminum gami da wayoyi na tanderun lantarki da nickel-chromium gami da wayoyi na tanderun lantarki. Na farko shine kayan haɗin gwal tare da tsarin ferrite, kuma na ƙarshe shine kayan haɗin gwal tare da tsarin austenite. Dukansu chromium-aluminum gami lantarki tanderu waya da nickel-chromium gami lantarki makera waya da wani narkewa batu a kasa 1400 ℃, kuma su ne kullum a wani sosai high zafin jiki (zafi jihar) a karkashin aiki yanayi, kuma sun kasance m ga hadawan abu da iskar shaka dauki. a cikin iska da ƙone Disadvantages.

Silicon carbide sanda:

Sandunan silicon carbide suna da siffar sanda da tubular maras ƙarfe masu zafi masu zafi na lantarki da aka yi da silikon carbide mai tsafta mai tsafta koren hexagonal a matsayin babban albarkatun ƙasa. A cikin yanayi mai oxidizing, yawan zafin jiki na yau da kullun zai iya kaiwa 1450 ℃, kuma ci gaba da amfani zai iya kaiwa awanni 2000. Sandunan siliki na carbide suna da wuya kuma suna da ƙarfi, juriya ga saurin sanyi da saurin zafi, ba su da sauƙi a gurɓata a yanayin zafi mai yawa, ana amfani da su a yanayin zafi mai yawa. Suna da halaye na juriya mai zafi, juriya na iskar shaka, juriya na lalata, saurin zafin jiki mai sauri, rayuwa mai tsawo, ƙananan ƙarancin zafin jiki, shigarwa mai dacewa da kulawa, da dai sauransu, kuma suna da kwanciyar hankali na Chemical.

Koyaya, ɓangaren sandar siliki na carbide na iya samun sakamako masu zuwa tare da iskar oxygen da tururin ruwa lokacin amfani da dogon lokaci sama da 1000 ℃:

①Sic+2O2→Sio2+CO2 ②Sic+4H2O=Sio2+4H2+CO2

Sakamakon haka, abun ciki na SiO2 a cikin kashi a hankali yana ƙaruwa, kuma juriya yana ƙaruwa a hankali, wanda shine tsufa. Idan tururin ruwa ya yi yawa, zai inganta oxidation na SiC. H2 da aka samar ta hanyar amsawar dabara ② yana haɗuwa da O2 a cikin iska sannan ya amsa da H2O don ƙirƙirar da’irar mugu. Rage bangaren rayuwa. Hydrogen (H2) na iya rage ƙarfin injin abin da ke ciki. Nitrogen (N2) da ke ƙasa da 1200 ° C na iya hana SiC daga oxidizing da amsa tare da SiC sama da 1350 ° C, ta yadda SiC zai iya bazuwa ta chlorine (Cl2) kuma Sic na iya bazuwa gaba ɗaya.

Silicon molybdenum sanda:

Za a iya amfani da sandunan molybdenum na silicon a yawan zafin jiki na 1600 ° C-1750 ° C. Ana amfani da su sosai a cikin ƙarfe, gilashi, yumbu, kayan maganadisu, kayan haɓakawa, lu’ulu’u, abubuwan lantarki, masana’antar tanderu da sauran filayen. Ana amfani da su don zazzage samfuran samfuran * Madaidaicin dumama.

Sanda na molybdenum na silicon yana nunawa ga yanayin zafi mai zafi, kuma an kafa wani shinge mai kariya na ma’adini a saman don hana sandan molybdenum na silicon daga ci gaba da oxidize. Lokacin da yanayin zafin jiki ya fi 1700 ° C, ma’aunin kariya na quartz ya narke, kuma ana ci gaba da yin amfani da bangaren a cikin yanayi mai oxidizing, kuma Layer na kariya na quartz yana sake farfadowa. Bai kamata a yi amfani da sandunan molybdenum na silicon na dogon lokaci ba a cikin kewayon 400-700 ℃, in ba haka ba za a yi amfani da abubuwan da aka gyara saboda iskar oxygen mai ƙarfi a ƙananan zafin jiki.