Kodi zizindikiro zaukadaulo ndi zotani carburizing ndi kuzimitsa mbali?

Carburizing ndi kuzimitsa zimapanga martensite wosanjikiza wokhala ndi mpweya wambiri wa carbon pamwamba pa gawolo, lomwe liri ndi kuuma kwakukulu, carbide yambiri komanso kukana kuvala kwambiri. Pachimake ndi mawonekedwe otsika a carbon martensite, kotero kupsinjika kwapamwamba kumakhala kwakukulu. Kulimba konseko ndikokwera. Makhalidwewa amapangitsa kuti carburizing ndi kuzimitsa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m’magiya ndi mbali zina zomwe zimafuna kukana kuvala kwambiri, kutopa kwakukulu, komanso kutopa kwambiri. Kuwumitsa kwa induction kumakhala ndi mawonekedwe otenthetsera mwachangu komanso kuziziritsa mwachangu, komwe kumawonjezera kukula kwa zinthuzo. Imapeza kulimba kwambiri, imapeza index yolimba kwambiri, potero imakweza magwiridwe antchito a magawo.

1. Kukana kwa abrasion

Zigawo za carburized ndi kuzimitsidwa zimakhala ndi kukana kwamphamvu chifukwa cha kuuma kwakukulu ndi ma carbides pamtunda. Kuwumitsa kwa induction kumatha kupeza kuuma kwakukulu pansi pazakudya zochepa za kaboni, ndipo kukana kuvala kumakhudzananso ndi mawonekedwe ake.

20CrMnTiH3 kuzimitsa carburizing quenching ndi 45 zitsulo induction quenching amapangidwa muyezo kuvala zitsanzo, ndi kuuma kwa 62 ~ 62.5HRC, kuyesedwa pa M-200 makina kuyezetsa kuvala, ndi mbali kuvala ndi T10 kuzimitsidwa. Pambuyo pa nthawi ya 1.6 miliyoni yovala, chitsanzo cha carburized chinataya 4.0 mg ndipo chitsanzo chozimitsidwa chinataya 2.1 mg. Ndi makina otani omwe amapangitsa kuti ma induction owumitsidwa azikhala ndi kukana kuvala kwambiri? Ndikoyenera kuphunzira.

2. Mphamvu

Nthawi zambiri amakhulupirira kuti mphamvu imakhudzana ndi kuuma, ndipo kuuma komweko kumatha kupeza mphamvu zomwezo. Pazigawo zina, ndi magawo ena ati okhudzana ndi izo? Tidayesa zoyeserera zokhala ngati dumbbell zopangidwa ndi 20CrMnTiH3 carburizing and quenching ndi 45 chitsulo, 40CrH, 40MnBH induction quenching. Mbali yogwira mtima yachitsanzocho inali 20mm, ndipo mphamvu zoyezera mphamvu zinali 819MPa, 1184MPa, 1364MPa, Pa 1369MPa, mphamvu ya zitsanzo zingapo zapakati pa carbon zitsulo pambuyo pozimitsidwa ndizokwera kwambiri kuposa za carburized.

Zotsatira za njira ziwirizi zikufanizidwa. Pamwamba pa carburized ndi kuzimitsidwa chitsanzo ndi mkulu-carbon martensite, wosanjikiza carburized ndi 1.25mm, kuuma ndi 62-63HRC, ndi pachimake ndi otsika carbon martensite, ndi kuuma ndi 32HRC. Pamwamba pa induction anaumitsa chitsanzo ndi sing’anga-carbon martensite, kuya kwa wosanjikiza wosanjikiza ndi 3.6mm, kuuma ndi 62HRC, ndipo pachimake ndi mkwiyo sorbite, kuuma ndi 26HRC. Zingapezeke kuti pali kusiyana kwakukulu mu kuya kwa pamwamba owuma wosanjikiza zopezedwa ndi njira ziwiri zochizira, ndi induction kuumitsa kungathe kupeza wosanjikiza mozama, potero kupeza mphamvu gawo lalikulu. Chifukwa chake, pokambirana za njira yolimbikitsira yomwe ili yabwinoko, sitiyenera kungoyisanthula kuchokera pamawonedwe ang’onoang’ono, komanso kuiganizira mozama.

3. Kutopa kwamphamvu

Pambuyo pa carburizing ndi induction kuumitsa, pamwamba pa zigawozo zimalimbikitsidwa bwino, ndipo kupsinjika kwakukulu kotsalira kumapangidwa, ndipo onse amakhala ndi mphamvu zotopa kwambiri.

Zigawo za gear zomwe zili ndi modulus ya 2.5 zinasankhidwa kuti zifufuzidwe, ndipo zinatenthedwa ndi kuzimitsidwa ndi 20CrMnTiH3 ndi kuya kwa carburizing 1.2mm; Zitsulo 45 ndi 42CrMo zidalimbitsidwa mowumitsidwa ndi muzu wozimitsa dzino wa 2.0mm. Kulimba kwake ndi 61 ~ 63HRC, ndipo mano amaphwanyidwa pambuyo pa kutentha. Yesani pamakina oyesera kutopa molingana ndi njira yotsegulira yomwe ikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 1. Kutopa kwapakatikati kopiringizika kopitilira muyeso wazinthu zitatu zosiyanasiyana ndi mano otenthetsera kutentha ndi 18.50kN, 20.30kN ndi 28.88kN, motsatana. Kutopa kwa magiya olimba a 42CrMo ndi 56% apamwamba kuposa a 20CrMnTiH3 carburizing ndi kuzimitsa, komwe kuli ndi zabwino zambiri. Kusanthula limagwirira ake, m’pofunika kuyamba ndi owumitsa wosanjikiza dongosolo, pamwamba compressive kupsyinjika mlingo, dongosolo mtima ndi kuuma.

4. Kukhudzana ndi kutopa mphamvu

Pakuti zida zida, kukhudzana kutopa kulephera kwa dzino pamwamba ndi waukulu kulephera akafuna. Magiya opepuka amakhala ndi zofunikira zochepa pakutopa, ndipo ngati kuuma kwa induction kungalowe m’malo mwa carburizing ndi kuumitsa magiya ena olemetsa, index iyi ndi zomwe ziyenera kuyesedwa. Kafukufuku wathu m’derali siwozama mokwanira.

5. Kuzimitsa deformation

Njira yopangira carburizing imakhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu, nthawi yayitali komanso kuzimitsa kwakukulu. Mchitidwe wopera wotsatira udzawonda pamwamba ndi mphamvu yapamwamba kwambiri komanso kupanikizika kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya gawolo. Carburizing ndi kuzimitsa magiya akuchulukirachulukira pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wozimitsa atolankhani, cholinga chake ndikuchepetsa kuzimitsa. Mapindikidwe a induction harding ndi ochepa, ndipo chifukwa cha makulidwe a wosanjikiza wozimitsidwa, zotsatira za kugaya pakuuma kolimba ndizochepa.