Momwe mungasankhire zovala zosagwira pamagawo osatetezeka monga ziphuphu zamalasha pakamwa pa simenti?

Mu ng’anjo yatsopano ya simenti, pakamwa pa uvuni, nozzle wamalasha ndi malo ena akuvutika ndi kuwonekera kwakukulu kwa kutentha, kutentha kwa matenthedwe, dzimbiri ndi kuwonongeka, komanso zida zotsekemera zosasunthika zosasunthika ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Pazoyenera, zotsekemera zosasunthika komanso zotsekemera zamakina a simenti zimakhala ndi mchere monga refractory, mullite, andalusite, ndi silicon carbide.

Makhalidwe abwino. Refractory imagawidwa pazitsulo zophatikizira zamagetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi. Pakati pawo, refractory yamagetsi yolumikizirana mapaipi amapezedwa ndikusungunuka kwa oxide yachitsulo kapena bauxite m’ng’anjo yotenthetsera madzi ndikuzizira. Zovekera zogwiritsa ntchito chitoliro zimakhala ndi makhiristo akulu akulu, osalimba kwambiri, mabowo ochepa ndi mphamvu zambiri. Makina opangira ma calcined ali ndi timibulu tating’onoting’ono, mabowo ambiri otulutsa mpweya ndi mphamvu zochepa, koma ali ndi matenthedwe abwino osagwedezeka. Ponseponse, kulimbana ndi moto komanso kukana kumva kuwawa ndiwabwino kwambiri, koma kutentha kwamphamvu ndikosavomerezeka, kusinthitsa kutentha ndikwabwino, ndipo kumangiriza kwa choyimilira cha alkali kumakhala kovuta kwambiri.

Mullite imagawidwanso m’magulu awiri: zovekera zophatikizika komanso zosakanikirana. Pakati pawo, mawonekedwe a zovekera mullite chitoliro ndi olimba. Ponseponse, mullite ili ndi mawonekedwe odalirika otentha otentha kwambiri, kutentha kwakukulu kwamphamvu, kupsinjika kwamphamvu kupsinjika, kutentha kwapakati-kutentha kukana komanso kutentha pang’ono.

Andalusite ndi amodzi mwamchere omwe ali mgulu la kyanite. Mchere wa Kyanite umatanthawuza mchere wochuluka wofanana ndi mankhwala Al2O3-SiO2: kyanite, andalusite ndi sillimanite. Kufunika kwa mitundu iyi yamakristali ndikubwezeretsanso kwakukulu, utoto wowoneka bwino komanso kukana kwabwino. Munthawi yonse yowerengera, amasintha kukhala mullite ndi mankhwala okhala ndi madzi ambiri a sio2, ndipo amatsagana ndi kukulitsa kwa voliyumu (Kyanite ndi 16% ~ 18%, andalusite ndi 3% ~ 5%, sillimanite ndi 7% ~ 8% ).

Pamene 1300 ~ 1350 ℃, kyanite amasintha kukhala mullite ndi calcite, ndikusintha ndi kuchuluka kwa + 18%. Kudya kwa kyanite kumakhala koletsedwa chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwakukulu. Kutupa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa kyanite kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthetsa kufooka kwa zinthu zosasunthika zosasunthika, ndipo mullite yomwe ingachitike itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupititsa patsogolo kukana kwamphamvu kwazomwe zimatsutsa. Komabe, ma calcite omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kutembenuka kwa kyanite siabwino kuti matenthedwe asakanike.

Pa 1400 ° C, andalusite amasandulika kukhala mullite komanso gawo lalikulu la silicon laminated galasi, ndikusintha ndi kuchuluka kwa + 4%. Chifukwa kutupa kwakuchepa, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kudya kwa andalusite. Kutupa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa andalusite kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi kuchepa kwa zinthu zosasunthika zosasunthika, ndipo mullite yomwe ingachitike itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kupititsa patsogolo kukana kwamphamvu kwazomwe zimatsutsa. Kusiyanitsa ndikuti gawo lagalasi lokhala ndi ma silicon apamwamba kwambiri omwe amayamba chifukwa cha kutembenuka kwa andalusite ali ndi cholumikizira chotsika kwambiri chotsika, chomwe chimapindulitsa kwambiri pakukweza kukana kwamphamvu kwa zida zotsutsa.

1500 ℃, sillimanite amasintha kukhala mullite; ndipo amasintha ndi kuchuluka kwa + 8%. Mwachidziwitso, kutupa komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha kusintha kwa sillimanite kumatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuthana ndi kuchepa kwa zinthu zosasunthika zosasunthika, ndipo zomwe zimachitika mullite zimathandizanso kukulitsa kukana kwamphamvu kwa zida zotsutsa.

Chifukwa chake, kyanite imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala opha tizilombo m’zinthu zochepa komanso zosanja zosasunthika; andalusite imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mankhwala opha tizilombo m’zinthu zapakatikati komanso zapamwamba zomwe sizinapangidwe zopangira zotsekera; Kutentha kosintha kwa sillimanite ndikokwera kwambiri, ndipo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovuta kuyanjana ndi kutchinjiriza kosasunthika kosapangika. Ntchito yokuthandizira kukulitsa nkhaniyo.