Ndi makina otani opitilira apo omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kugawa makina opitilirabe?

1) Makina oponyera osasunthika, makina opindika opitilira apo, makina opindika osalekeza, makina oponyera opitilira elliptical ndi makina oponyera opitilira muyeso.

2) A, makina oponyera osasunthika: ubwino: kuzizira kwa makina oponyera kuzizira ndi yunifolomu, ndipo sikungoyang’aniridwa ndi kuwongoka, kotero sikoyenera kupanga ming’alu yamkati ndi pamwamba, yomwe imathandizira kuti inclusions ikuyandama; kuipa: zidazo ndi zazitali zazitali, ntchito silosavuta, mtengo wokwera wa ndalama, kukonza zida ndi kukonza ngozi ndizovuta, gawo la billet ndi kutalika kosasunthika komanso liwiro lokoka ndizochepa, ndipo slab imakhala ndi kupanikizika kwakukulu kokhazikika chifukwa chachitsulo chosungunuka. , ndipo kuwonongeka kwa chikazi cha slab kumawonekera kwambiri.

B, elliptical mosalekeza kuponyera makina: ubwino: kutalika kwafupika kwambiri poyerekeza ndi arc, kupanikizika malo amodzi a chitsulo chosungunula ndi otsika, kuchuluka kwa zingwe za kuponya akusowekapo ndi yaing’ono, pakati tsankho la mng’alu mkati bwino, ndi ndalama zimapulumutsa 20%—-30% (mawonekedwe enieni a arc). Zoipa: The inclusions mu chitsulo chosungunula mu crystallizer pafupifupi palibe mwayi akuyandama, choncho zofunika zitsulo zitsulo ndi okhwima.

1. Makina oponyera mosalekeza osalekeza: Ubwino : Ndiwo kutalika kwa zida zotsika kwambiri, okosijeni wachiwiri wachitsulo chosungunuka, mtundu wa slab umakhala wabwino, samakhudzidwa ndi kupindika ndi kuwongola, ndizothandiza kupewa ming’alu, kukonza zida ndikosavuta, ndi kusamalira ngozi ndikosavuta; Kusiyanitsa pakati pa phukusi ndi crystallizer ndi okwera mtengo, ndipo kudzoza pakati pa crystallizer ndi slab cast ndi kovuta. The crystallizer si kunjenjemera pa kujambula, ndi oyenera akusowekapo ang’onoang’ono, castings zosiyanasiyana, billet 200 mm kapena zochepa, billet kuzungulira, chitsulo chapadera.

D, makina okhotakhota osalekeza: ogawidwa kukhala makina owongoka arc mosalekeza, makina owongoka arc mosalekeza, makina owongoka akristalo opitilira apo.

a) Njira imodzi yowongola arc mosalekeza makina oponyera: Ubwino: kutalika kwake ndi kotsika kuposa mtundu wopindika ndi mtundu wopindika, kotero zida zake ndizopepuka, zotsika mtengo wandalama, zosavuta kukhazikitsa ndi kukonza, komanso kupanikizika kosasunthika. zitsulo zosungunuka pazitsulo zotayira ndizochepa, zomwe zingathe kuchepetsa chifukwa Mzere wamkati ndi tsankho lopangidwa ndi mimba yachikazi ndizopindulitsa kupititsa patsogolo liwiro la kuponyera ndikuwongolera khalidwe la slab. Zoipa: Panthawi yokhazikika yachitsulo chosungunula, zosakaniza zopanda zitsulo zimakhala ndi chizoloŵezi choyang’ana mu arc, zomwe zimabweretsa kugawidwa kosagwirizana kwa zinyalala mkati mwa kuponyedwa kopanda kanthu.

b) Multi-point kuwongola arc mosalekeza kuponyera makina: Ubwino: Pamene olimba-zamadzimadzi mawonekedwe deformation mlingo wachepetsedwa, madzi pachimake kuwongoka popanda ming’alu yamkati, zomwe zimapindulitsa kuonjezera kukoka liwiro.

c) Wowongoka kristalo wokhotakhota mosalekeza makina oponyera Ubwino: Ili ndi zabwino zamtundu wowongoka, womwe umathandizira kuyandama kwa ma inclusions akulu komanso kugawa kwapakati kwazitsulo muzitsulo. Ndiwokwera kuposa kutalika kopindika kopindika komanso mtengo wake wotsika. Zoipa: Chigoba chakunja cha choponyera chopanda kanthu chimatambasulidwa, ndipo gawo la magawo awiri ndilosavuta kuyambitsa kuwonongeka kwa crack. Kapangidwe ka zida ndizovuta, ndipo ndizovuta kukonza ndi kukonza.