Izinto Ezithonya Impilo Yesevisi Yezinkani Eziseziko LeBlast Furnace

Ngemuva kokuthi ukwakhiwa kwesithando somlilo sekuqediwe, kusukela ekusetshenzisweni kuze kube sekupheleni kwenkonzo yesithando somlilo, lapho impahla ingena enqubweni yokwehla kanye nesigaba sokukhuphuka kwegesi yomlilo yenqubo yokushintshanisa ukushisa, ama-refractories aphakathi nendawo nangaphezulu esimweni sokugqoka nokuguguleka kwesikhathi eside, futhi ingxenye engezansi yomzimba wesithando somlilo isithando somlilo. Ulwelwesi olungezansi lucwiliswe ensimbi encibilikisiwe kanye ne-slag. Ingaphakathi lesithando somlilo liyaqhubeka lingaphansi kokushisa okuphezulu nokucindezela okukhulu. Lezi zici ziyasebenzisana futhi zithinta impilo yesevisi yesithando somlilo esiqhumayo.

Kunezici eziningi ezithinta impilo yesevisi yezinto ezisetshenziswa eziko. Kuze kube manje, akukaze kube khona umbono ocace ngokuphelele futhi obumbene. Ukubuka okuvamile nokungaguquguquki ngokuvamile kungafingqa lezi zici ezinethonya zibe izigaba ezimbili, okungukuthi, isenzo somzimba kanye nokuguguleka kwamakhemikhali.

1. Umthelela wesenzo somzimba ezintweni eziphikisayo zeziko:

(1) Ukucindezeleka okushisayo. Izinga lokushisa le-refractory working layer engxenyeni yeziko kanye nendawo yokuxhumana ye-iron slag liquid liphezulu njenge-1350 ℃. Izinga lokushisa lamanzi okupholisa lesigxobo sokupholisa elithintwe ungqimba lokufaka ukushisa lingama-25 ~ 45℃ kuphela. Umehluko we-radial lokushisa mkhulu, okuholela ekucindezelekeni okukhulu kokushisa. Ngaphansi kwezimo zomgwaqo ezishisa kakhulu nezinomfutho ophezulu, ukucindezeleka okushisayo nokunye ukusebenzisana ngokomzimba namakhemikhali kuthinta omunye nomunye, okuholela ezenzweni ezihlukahlukene zomonakalo ezifana nokwanda okushisayo nokufinyela kwezinto eziphikisayo, ukuphuka, kanye ne-pulverization.

(2) Gcoba futhi uguge. Ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwesithando somlilo, i-refractory lining the hearth iphendula ngokuqhubekayo ekujikelezeni kwensimbi encibilikisiwe kanye nokukhuphuka nokuwa kwezinga le-slag. Ngaphansi komphumela wokushisa okuphezulu nokuguguleka kwengcindezi ephezulu nokugqoka isikhathi eside, ukumelana nokugqoka kwe-refractory kuyaqhubeka kuncipha, okuthinta impilo yayo yenkonzo. Isikhumba se-slag esakhiwe endaweni yokuxhumana ye-slag-iron singase siwe ngesikhathi senqubo yokuguquguquka kwesimo somlilo. Ngalesi sikhathi, izinto eziphikisayo zendwangu yesithando somlilo zizohlungwa ngokuqondile futhi zigwetshwe yi-iron slag nensimbi encibilikisiwe.

(3) Amandla adonsela phansi angokomzimba. Ngesikhathi kusetshenziswa isithando somlilo, insimbi encibilikisiwe yensimbi iqhubeka yengeza eziko kanye nensimbi encibilikisiwe egcinwe ongqimbeni lwensimbi efile, okuhlanganisa umphumela womoya oshisayo onomfutho ophezulu esithandweni somlilo, obekwe phezu komunye nomunye, ukuze i-refractory. ngaphansi kwesithando somlilo kuthwala amandla adonsela phansi amakhulu. . Okwesendlalelo sezitini zekhabhoni lapho kuhlangana khona iziko kanye nephansi kwesithando somlilo, lawa mandla adlala indima ekugundani. Amandla acindezelayo ezitini zekhabhoni ekamelweni lokushisa ngu-20-40MPa, futhi amandla okuguquguquka yi-7-15MPa kuphela. Amandla emazingeni okushisa aphezulu Lapho izinga lokushisa liphansi kunezinga lokushisa elivamile, lapho ingcindezi iseduze nomkhawulo wamandla ayo, kulula ukuphuka noma ukukhiqiza imifantu. Ngalesi sikhathi, uketshezi lwe-iron slag luzongena emifantwini kanye nemifantu. Ukungena nokuguguleka kwensimbi encibilikisiwe.

(4) Ukushelela kwensimbi encibilikisiwe. Ukuminyana kwezinto eziphikisayo kuncane kakhulu kunokwensimbi encibilikisiwe, futhi izinto eziphikisayo zizoba ngaphansi kokukhuphuka kwensimbi encibilikisiwe. Iphansi lesithando somlilo ngokuvamile libekwe eduze kwegobolondo lesithando somlilo ngobubanzi obuthile obuncane, futhi i-extrusion eqondile kanye nokungqubuzana kwe-refractory kusetshenziselwa ukwenza buoyancy yayo ibe buthaka. Kodwa-ke, lapho amandla efinyelela umkhawulo we-refractory, azokwenza ukuthi i-refractory ikhubazeke noma iphuke futhi iqhubeke nokuhlupheka. Umphumela we-buoyancy ulandelwa umonakalo omkhulu kakhulu noma ngisho nokuwa kwezinto ezintantayo.

2. Ukuhlasela kwamakhemikhali:

(1) I-hot metal carburizing corrosion. I-pig iron iyisixazululo esine-carbon-unsaturated iron iron-carbon molten iron. Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni yensimbi yengulube ngokuvamile kugcinwa ku-4.5% kuya ku-5.4% phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza. Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kuhlobene nezici ezifana nevolumu yesithando somlilo, ukucindezela komoya oshisayo namandla okuncibilika, kanye nokuphezulu Ukungakanani akucacile. Ngakho-ke, ngesikhathi sokusebenza kwesithando somlilo, ukusabela kwe-carburizing phakathi kwensimbi encibilikisiwe eziko kanye nezitini ze-carbon kwenzeka ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi i-coke ne-powder yamalahle kuphethiloli nayo ingashiswa. Ukuthintana kwesikhathi eside kuthinta izitini zekhabhoni eziko. Ncibilikisa ukulahlekelwa nokubhujiswa.

(2) Ukusabela kwe-Redox. Phakathi nenqubo yokukhiqiza isithando somlilo esiqhumayo, izinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zokusabela zokunciphisa i-oxidation zenzeka eziko, njengokusabela kwegesi yamanzi okubangelwa ukuvuza kwamanzi e-tuyere kanye nodonga lokupholisa, okuzobangela ukuvela kwe-oxidation yezitini ze-carbon. , okuholela ekulahlekeni kwekhabhoni noma ngisho nokushibilika, okubangela imifantu. Amandla ezitini zekhabhoni ayancipha. Uchungechunge lokusabela okuncishiswa kwe-oxidation kwezinsimbi ze-alkali njenge-potassium, i-sodium, i-lead, ne-zinc esithandweni somlilo kungase kubangele ukuxegiswa kwezitini ze-carbon, ukuqhekeka kwendandatho neminye imiphumela elimazayo.

Izici ezingokomzimba namakhemikhali zokugqwala ziyaqhubeka ukwenzeka eziko nangaphansi kwesithando somlilo, futhi ziyasebenzisana futhi zilimaze iziko nezansi. Ngakho-ke, lapho ukhetha izinto eziphikisayo eziko nangaphansi, izici ezingenhla kufanele zihambisane nesithando somlilo esithile. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe impilo yesevisi, izinto eziphikisayo ezisebenza kangcono kakhulu kufanele zikhethwe ngendlela efanele.