Kuponyera mosalekeza kwa tundish chitsulo chosungunula chotenthetsera zida zotenthetsera

1 Mwachidule

Ukadaulo waukadaulo wa zida zotenthetsera zachitsulo za Tundish umapangidwa ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo wakuponyera kosalekeza, kuwongolera zofunikira zachitsulo, kufunikira kopulumutsa mphamvu ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito, komanso kufananitsa njira zoyenga zakunja ndi zoponyera mosalekeza. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana yachitsulo imakhala ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana pa AT ya superheat yosungunuka yachitsulo. Kwa mbale zakuda, kuti muchepetse ming’alu yamkati ndi malo otayirira, AT iyenera kukhala yochepa (5 ~ 200T); kwa mbale zozizira zozizira, pamwamba pafunika kuti zikhale zabwino. Pamwamba (15 ~ 300 ℃). Komabe, kutentha kwachitsulo chosungunula kuyenera kukhazikika mkati mwamtundu wina kuti muchepetse kusinthasintha. Ili ndi gawo lofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kupita patsogolo kwabwino kwa kupanga kosalekeza, kupewa kutsekeka kwa nozzles kapena kupewa ngozi zochulukira, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ma slabs otayidwa ali abwino. Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito yotentha ya tundish kumapangitsa kuti zitheke kuwongolera kutentha kwachitsulo chosungunuka mokhazikika. Kutentha kwa chitsulo chosungunula cha ladle chosiyana kumasintha, chomwe chimakhala ndi zotsatirapo zowonongeka, ndi kutentha kwa tundish kungathe kulipiritsa kumlingo wina. Komabe, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti kusunga kutentha kwachitsulo chosungunuka chokhazikika kumatengera kutentha koyenera komanso kusintha kosinthika pambuyo pogogoda, ndipo kutentha kwa tundish kumatha kugwira ntchito yowonjezera. Komabe, kutentha ndi kuwongolera zitsulo zosungunuka mu tundish kudakali kulandira chisamaliro kuchokera kumagulu azitsulo. Maiko ena oimiridwa ndi Japan, United States, United Kingdom, ndi France motsatizana achita kafukufuku waukadaulo wotenthetsera zitsulo za tundish kuyambira m’ma 1970 mpaka m’ma 1980. Kampani yaku Japan ya Kawasaki idapanga koyamba ndikupeza chiphaso cha ku Japan koyambirira kwa 1982. Pakalipano, ukadaulo wotenthetsera wachitsulo wosungunuka wa tundish wopangidwa bwino kapena womwe ukukula nthawi zambiri umagwiritsa ntchito njira yotenthetsera. Mu njira yotenthetsera thupi, mphamvu yamagetsi imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati gwero la kutentha ndikusinthidwa molingana ndi mphamvu yamagetsi. Njira zosiyanasiyana zitha kugawidwa kukhala: zida zotenthetsera zamagetsi zamagetsi, kutentha kwa plasma, kutenthetsa kwa electroslag ndiukadaulo wamagetsi wamagetsi wamagetsi wa DC.

Zida zotenthetsera za Tundish zili ndi izi:

(1) Kutentha kwachangu komanso kuthamanga kwamphamvu kwamagetsi;

(2) Mitundu ina imakhalanso ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi, yomwe imathandizira kuchotsedwa kwa inclusions;

(3) Kutentha kwa ndondomekoyi n’kosavuta kulamulira, ndipo chofunika kwambiri ndikuwongolera molondola kutentha kwakukulu kwachitsulo chosungunuka;

(4) Kutentha kwamphamvu kumachepetsedwa ndi kuya kwa mulingo wamadzimadzi a tundish. Pokhapokha pamene chitsulo chosungunula mu tundish chiwunjikana mpaka kukuya kwina, kutentha kumatha kuyenda bwino.

Pali mitundu ingapo ya zida zotenthetsera za tundish:

(1) Malinga ndi mtundu wa inductor, imatha kugawidwa m’zida zotenthetsera zopanda coreless ndi zida zotenthetsera za cored;

(2) Malinga ndi kapangidwe ka inductor, imatha kugawidwa m’mitundu yowonjezereka yolakwika ndi mtundu wa ngalande (groove, ngalande yosungunuka) zida zotenthetsera;

(3) Malinga ndi gawo lotenthetsera, limatha kugawidwa m’malo otentha komanso kutentha kwathunthu.

2 Kuponyera mosalekeza tundish chitsulo chosungunula chamagetsi opangira zida zotenthetsera

2. 1 Tundish electromagnetic induction induction zida zofananira ndi yopingasa yopitilira makina oponyera

Zida zotenthetsera za tundish electromagnetic induction induction zofananira ndi makina oponyera mosalekeza akuwonetsedwa Chithunzi 10-7.

Njira yopangira zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri tsopano ikufotokozedwa.

Chithunzi 10-7 Tundish electromagnetic induction induction zida zofananira ndi yopingasa yopitilira makina oponyera

Mitundu yonse ya zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri ikalumikizidwa, imakwezedwa m’ng’anjo zitatu za 5t kuchokera mu tanki yodyetsera yokhala ndi ma cranes. Chitsulo chachitsulo chikasungunuka mpaka kutentha kofunikira (pafupifupi 1650 ° C), chitsulo chosungunula mu ng’anjo yolowetsamo chimatsanuliridwa mu ladle, ndiyeno chimagwiritsidwa ntchito Galimotoyo imatsanulira chitsulo chosungunuka mu ng’anjo ya 8t AOD, kumene imadutsa decarburization, slagging, dephosphorization ndi kuchotsa sulfure, ndi kusintha kwa aloyi zikuchokera (makamaka Cr, Ni), ndiyeno chitsulo chosungunuka (kupangidwa ndi kutentha kumakwaniritsa zofunikira) Ikani chitsulo chosungunuka mu ladle mu ladle ndikugwiritsa ntchito crane kutsanulira. chitsulo chosungunula mu ladle mu ladle ya 8t electromagnetic induction zida zotenthetsera. Madzi achitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri omwe amatenthedwa ndi kusungidwa kwa kutentha amakokedwa ndikuponyedwa mu bar yozungulira ndi makina opingasa mosalekeza ndipo pamapeto pake amakankhira pabedi lozizirira popanga ndi kumeta ubweya. .

Chinthu chakuthupi cha 8t electromagnetic induction heat equipment ladle chikuwonetsedwa Chithunzi 10-8.

8t ndi 14t tundish electromagnetic induction induction zida zotenthetsera, zida zotenthetsera za tundish zimatha kuwongolera kutentha kwachitsulo chosungunula (zolakwika ndi ± 5 ~ 6 ℃), motero zimatsimikizira mtundu wa billet. Kuphatikiza apo, nthawi yosinthira kutentha kwa tundish imathanso kukulitsidwa moyenera, kuwonetsa zotsatira zabwino za zida zotenthetsera zotenthetsera.

2. 2 Tundish chipangizo cha induction Kutenthetsa zida arc mosalekeza kuponyera makina

Chida cha tundish cha zida zotenthetsera zotenthetsera zamakina opitilira arc zikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 10-9.

Pambuyo pa arc billet continuous caster itengera tundish yamagetsi yotenthetsera magetsi, kutentha kwapampopi kumatha kutsitsidwa (mwachitsanzo, kumatha

Chithunzi 10-9 Tundish chipangizo cha zida zotenthetsera zotenthetsera zamakina opitilira arc

Kuchokera ku 1700 ° C mpaka 1650 ° C), izi sizimangothandiza kukonza moyo wazitsulo zopangira ng’anjo (chotembenuza, ng’anjo yamagetsi yamagetsi kapena ng’anjo yolowera), komanso zimakhazikika kutentha kwachitsulo chosungunula pakuponyedwa kosalekeza ndikutsimikizira ubwino wopitilira. kuponya billets.

Kutengera zomwe tafotokozazi, zitha kuganiziridwa kuti zida zotenthetsera zopitilira tundish maginito ndi njira yatsopano yopulumutsira mphamvu komanso yosunga chilengedwe. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa chipangizochi ndi ntchito yabwino yosinthira ukadaulo wamabizinesi azitsulo, ndipo ndiyoyenera kukwezedwa ndikugwiritsa ntchito.

Chithunzi 10-10 chikuwonetsa zida zotenthetsera za 16t tundish electromagnetic induction.

Chithunzi 10-10 16t tundish electromagnetic induction zida zotenthetsera

Chithunzi 10-11 ndi chithunzi chojambula cha tundish ya 14t induction zida zotenthetsera.

Chithunzi 10-11 Schematic chithunzi cha tundish ya 14t induction zida zotenthetsera