Ndeapi marudzi ekupisa kurapwa maitiro kudzima michina?

(1) Kudzima mvura

Single-liquid quenching inzira yekudzima yekushanda iyo iyo austenitic workpiece inokurumidza kunyudzwa mune imwe nzira yekudzima uye yakatonhodzwa kusvika kukamuri tembiricha. Kusarudzwa kwemvura imwe chete yekudzima inotonhorera kunobva pakuti kutonhora kweyero ye workpiece mune ino svikiro inofanira kuva yakakura kudarika yakakosha kutonhora kwesimbi ye workpiece simbi, uye workpiece haifaniri kudzimwa uye kuputika. Single liquid quenching media inosanganisira mvura, brine, alkaline mvura, oiri, uye zvimwe zvakagadzirirwa zvakagadzirirwa mvura-based quenching agents.

(2) Kudzima mvura mbiri

Kuti ukunde kukanganisa kwekudzima kwemvura imwe chete uye kuita kuti kudzima uye kutonhora kweiyo workpiece kuswedere pedyo nemamiriro akakodzera sezvinobvira, midhiya miviri ine hunyanzvi hwekutonhodza inogona kushandiswa pamwechete, ndiko kuti, iyo inopisa workpiece inodzimwa mukati yekutanga svikiro ine hombe yekutonhodza simba, uye yakatonhodzwa kusvika kune yakadzikira zvishoma. Pamusoro peMs tembiricha (ingangoita mazana matatu), yobva yaendeswa kune yechipiri svikiro ine kushoma kutonhora kugona kutonhora kusvika kukamuri tembiricha. Iyi quenching cooling method inonzi double liquid quenching. Kune mamwe maworkpiece, kuitira kuti uwedzere kudzikisira mwero wekutonhora pazasi Ms, mvura inodzima kutonhora kwemhepo kana mafuta kudzima kutonhora kwemhepo kunogona kushandiswa zvakare, uye mweya unogona zvakare kushandiswa senge yekutonhora.

(3) Staged quenching (martensite staged quenching)

Hunhu hweiyi nzira yekutonhodza ndeyekuti workpiece inotanga kunyudzwa mudziva rakanyungudutswa rine tembiricha yakakwira zvishoma kudarika Ms, yozochengetwa mudziva rakanyungudutswa kusvika pamusoro nepakati pechishandiso ichitonhorera kusvika pakupisa kwedziva rakanyungudutswa, uye wozoendeswa kunotonhodzwa nemhepo. Tembiricha yekugezesa kazhinji 10 kusvika 20. Iyo yepakati mubhavhu ine nitrate bath, alkali bath uye yekugezera munyu isina kwayakarerekera.

(4) Pre-kutonhora uye kudzima

Mushure mekudzima kwe-high-frequency quenching, workpiece haina kunyudzwa mumhepo inotonhorera pakarepo, asi inotonhodzwa mumhepo kwenguva pfupi, uye inonyudzwa mumhepo inotonhorera mushure mokunge workpiece yatonhodzwa kune imwe tembiricha. Iyi nzira yekudzima inonzi pre-cooling quenching kana kunonoka kudzima.

Chinokosha chekugadzirisa kusati kwatonhora ndechekudzora nguva isati yatonhora, uye mhedzisiro yenguva pfupi isati yatonhora yakashata. Nguva refu yenguva inogona kuderedza kuomarara kwekudzima kweiyo workpiece (isina-martensitic shanduko). Nekuda kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, maumbirwo uye hukuru hwezvishandiso, pamwe nekufurira kwekushisa kwechoto uye tembiricha yakadzikama, nguva yekutonhora isati yasvika yakaoma kuverenga nemazvo uye zvakanyanya zvinoenderana nehunyanzvi uye ruzivo rweanoshanda.

(5) Kudzimwa kwomunzvimbomo

Mamwe maworkpiece anongoda chikamu chimwe chete kuti chive nekuoma kwepamusoro, uye zvimwe zvikamu hazvina kuoma zvinodiwa kana zvinoda kuomarara kwakaderera. Muchiitiko ichi, nzira yekudzima yemunharaunda inogona kushandiswa kazhinji, ndiko kuti, chikamu chimwe chete chebasa chinodzimwa. Kune nzira mbiri huru dzekudzima kwenzvimbo: kupisa kwenzvimbo uye kutonhora kwenzvimbo uye kudziyisa kwakawanda uye kutonhora kwenzvimbo. Iyo yekutanga inonyanya kukodzera kupisa maworkpieces mumavira ekugezesa munyu, nepo iyo yekupedzisira inogona kushandiswa mumabhokisi evira uye munyu yekugezesa vira.

(6) Kubatwa nechando

Cold kurapwa ndeye post-quenching oparesheni umo simbi yakadzimwa inoramba ichitonhodzwa kune tembiricha iri pasi pekamuri tembiricha, kuitira kuti iyo isina kuchinjika yakachengetwa austenite pakamuri tembiricha inoramba ichishandurwa kuita martensite.

Kune zvimwe zvikamu zvine kugadzikana kwepamusoro-soro, zvinodikanwa kudzikisa yakachengetwa austenite muchimiro chakadzimwa kusvika kune yakaderera tembiricha, kuitira kuti udzivise kukundikana nekuda kwekuchinja kwechimiro uye saizi inodarika iyo chaiyo zvinodiwa panguva yekushandiswa. Ndozvinoita cold processing. Iyo inotonhora yekurapa tembiricha inonyanya kutsanangurwa maererano neMs point yesimbi, yakasanganiswa nehunyanzvi zvinodiwa zvezvikamu, maitiro emidziyo mamiriro uye zvimwe zvinhu. Mushure mekunge iyo yakadzimwa workpiece yakanyoroveswa kusvika kukamuri tembiricha, inofanirwa kutonhora-inorapwa nekukurumidza, kana zvisina kudaro mhedzisiro yayo ichakanganiswa. Iyo inotonhora kurapwa kwezvimedu zvidiki uye zvepakati kazhinji inochengetwa kweawa 1 kusvika ku3, uye inofanira kupiswa zvishoma nezvishoma mumhepo mushure mekurapwa. Apo iyo workpiece inopisa kusvika kumhepo yekushisa, inofanira kuderedzwa pakarepo, iyo inogona kunyatsodzivirira workpiece kubva pakuputika.