Ukuhlukaniswa okuyisisekelo kwesithando somlilo sokungeniswa

Izithando zokungeniswa zingahlukaniswa zibe izithando zokushisa eziphakeme kakhulu, izithando zomlilo eziphakathi nendawo kanye neziko lokuvama kwezimboni ngokuya ngokuvama kwamandla; ngokwenhloso yenqubo, zingahlukaniswa zibe izithando zomlilo ezincibilikayo, izithando zokushisa, imishini yokushisa ukushisa kanye nemishini yokushisela; ngokwesakhiwo sabo, imodi yokudlulisa, njll. Izithando zokungeniswa ezisetshenziswa ngokuvamile zijwayele ukuhlanganiswa zaba izithando zomlilo zokuncibilikisa ezinenhliziyo, iziko lokuncibilika lokungeniswa, izisetshenziswa zokuqina zokungeniswa kanye nezinto ezishisayo zekhanda lokungeniswa, njll. Igama lesithando somlilo esincibilikisayo lihlobene nesithando somlilo esincibilikisayo. Insimbi encibilikisiwe iqukethwe ku-crucible, ngakho-ke ibizwa nangokuthi isithando somlilo. Lolu hlobo lwesithando somlilo lusetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuncibilika nokugcinwa kokushisa kwensimbi ekhethekile, insimbi ekhonjiwe, izinsimbi ezingenayo insimbi kanye nama-alloys azo. Isithando somlilo esingenasici sinezinzuzo eziningi ezifana nezinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokuncibilika, ukungcoliswa kokungcola okuncane, ukwakheka kwengxube yengxubevange, nezimo ezinhle zokusebenza. Uma kuqhathaniswa nesithando somlilo esinama-cored, isithando somlilo esingenasici kulula ukuqala nokuguqula izinhlobo zensimbi, futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kodwa ukusebenza kahle kwayo kukagesi nokushisa kuphansi kakhulu kunesithando somlilo. Ngenxa yokushisa okuphansi kwendawo yesithando somlilo esingenasici, akusizi ukuncibilika okudinga izinqubo ze-slagging ezisezingeni eliphezulu.

Isithando somlilo esincibilikayo sihlukaniswe imvamisa ephezulu, imvamisa ephakathi nendawo kanye nemvamisa yamandla.

(1) Isithando somlilo esincibilika kakhulu

Umthamo wesithando somlilo we-high-frequency ngokuvamile ungaphansi kwama-50 kg, ofanele ukuncibilikisa insimbi ekhethekile nama-alloys akhethekile kuma-laboratories kanye nokukhiqizwa okuncane.

(2) Isithando somlilo esincibilikisa imvamisa emaphakathi

Amandla kanye namandla esithando somlilo esincibilikisa i-intermediate frequency makhulu kunaleso lesithando somlilo esiyifrikhwensi ephezulu. Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuncibilikisa izinsimbi ezikhethekile, ama-alloys kazibuthe nama-alloys ethusi. Ngenxa yokuthi lolu hlobo lwesithando somlilo ludinga okokusebenza ezibizayo zokuguqula imvamisa, lushintshelwe kwisithando somlilo esingenasici samandla kwezinye izikhathi ezinkulu. Kodwa-ke, uma kuqhathaniswa nesithando somlilo sezimboni, isithando somlilo esiphakathi nendawo sinezici zayo eziyingqayizivele. Isibonelo, ngesithando somlilo somthamo ofanayo, amandla okufaka wesithando somlilo esiphakathi sikhulu kunesithando somlilo wezimboni, ngakho-ke isivinini sokuncibilika siyashesha. Isithando somlilo esiphakathi nendawo asidingi ukuphakamisa ibhulokhi yesithando somlilo lapho isithando somlilo esibandayo siqala ukuncibilika. Insimbi encibilikisiwe ingathululwa, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kungaphezulu. ngaphezu kwalokho, isixazululo esithandweni sokuncibilikisa imvamisa esimaphakathi sine-scour elula ku-crucible, okuzuzisa ulwelwesi lwesithando somlilo. Ngakho-ke, ngemva kokuthuthukiswa kwamandla aphezulu futhi ashibhile amandla kagesi aphakathi nendawo, izithando zomlilo ezimaphakathi zisathembisa.

(3) Isithando somlilo esincibilikisa ifrikhwensi yamandla

Isithando somlilo sokuncibilikisa amandla singesakamuva futhi esathuthuka ngokushesha phakathi kweziko lokuncibilikisa amaningana. Ngokuyinhloko isetshenziselwa ukuncibilika kwensimbi ensimbi nensimbi, ikakhulukazi insimbi enamandla amakhulu kanye ne-alloy cast iron, kanye nokushisa, ukugcinwa kokushisa nokulungiswa kokwakheka kwesisombululo sensimbi; ngaphezu kwalokho, iphinde isetshenziselwe ukuncibilika kwezinsimbi ezingezona ayoni njengethusi ne-aluminium nama-alloys azo. Uma umthamo wesithando somlilo mncane, akukhona ukonga ukusebenzisa imvamisa yamandla. Thatha insimbi eyinsimbi njengesibonelo. Uma umthamo ungaphansi kuka-750 kg, ukusebenza kahle kukagesi kuzokwehla kakhulu. Isithando somlilo esincibilikisa ivacuum sisetshenziselwa ukuncibilikisa ama-alloys angavimbeli ukushisa, ama-alloys kazibuthe, ama-alloys kagesi nezinsimbi ezinamandla aphezulu. Isici salolu hlobo lwesithando somlilo ukuthi kulula ukulawula izinga lokushisa lesithando somlilo, i-vacuum degree kanye nesikhathi sokuncibilika ngesikhathi sokuncibilika, ngakho-ke ukuchithwa kwe-degassing kwecala kunganele kakhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inani elingeziwe le-alloy material lingalawulwa ngokunembile, ngakho liyisithando somlilo esilungele ukuncibilikisa ama-alloys angashisi nama-alloys anembayo aqukethe izinto ezisebenzayo ezifana ne-aluminium ne-titanium.

.