Refractory zvinhu zvekugadzira blast furnace

Refractory zvinhu zvinoshandiswa pahuro, muviri, dumbu, uye muchoto wemoto unoputika. Vagadziri vezvidhinha vanoramba vacharamba vachigovera iwe.

A blast furace inongova simbi yekugadzira simbi. Iron ore, coke, nezvimwewo zvinounzwa kubva kumusoro kwechoto muchiyero, uye kupisa kwakanyanya kwekushisa (1000 ~ 1200 ℃) kunopindwa pazasi tuyere. Iyo oxidation-kuderedza reaction inoitwa mumoto unoputika. Iron slag, slag iron inoyerera ichibva mugomba resimbi iri pazasi pechoto chinoputika kuti iparadzanise simbi uye slag. Iyo slag inopinda mugomba re slag, inoputira slag kana kupinda mugomba rakaoma slag. Simbi yakanyungudutswa inopinda mutorpedo tank kuburikidza neinozunguza muromo kana kuenderera mberi kugadzira simbi kana kutumirwa kumuchina wekukanda simbi. Pakupedzisira, iyo blast furnace gasi inoburitswa kuburikidza nemidziyo yekubvisa guruva. Aya ndiwo maitiro ese e blast furnace ironmaking.

Nekuvandudzwa uye kufambira mberi kweindasitiri yesimbi nesimbi munyika dzakasiyana siyana, mavhiri ekuputika ari kusimukira zvishoma nezvishoma akananga kuhombe, kukwirira-kuita uye hupenyu hurefu, uye kuputika kwevira remoto refractories zvine zvinoenderana nepamusoro zvinodiwa. Zvakadai sezvakanaka refractoriness, kugadzikana kwekushisa kwepamusoro, density, thermal conductivity, kupfeka kuramba, kunyura kwevhu uye slag kuramba.

Parizvino, kune marudzi akawanda ezvigadzirwa zvinoramba mumoto unoputika, uye kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvinoramba muzvikamu zvakasiyana zvakasiyana nekuda kwesimba remamiriro evira.

Pahuro yechoto, iyo refractory masonry inoshandiswa sechidziviriro chekudzivirira kwejira rinonzwisisika. Tembiricha iri 400 ~ 500 ℃, uye inobatwa zvakananga uye inopokana nechaji, uye mhedzisiro yekuyerera kwemhepo inoreruka zvishoma. Pano, zvidhinha zvevhu zvakaomeswa, zvidhinha zvakakwirira zvealuminium, zvidhinha zvevhu / spray pendi, nezvimwe zvinogona kushandiswa kugadzira.

Chikamu chemuviri wechoto chikamu chakakosha chemoto unoputika, unoshandiswa kupisa, kuderedza uye slagging yemutero. Pano, kukukurwa kwezvinhu uye kutonhora kwakanyanya kwemhepo kwakanyanya. Tembiricha iri pakati pechoto muviri ndeye 400 ~ 800 ℃, uye hapana kukukurwa kwe slag. Inonyanya kukanganiswa nekukukurwa kweguruva rinokwira, kuvhunduka kwekushisa, alkali zinc uye carbon deposition. Nokudaro, zvidhinha zvevhu zvakaomeswa uye zvidhinha zvakakwirira zvealuminium zvinoshandiswa muchikamu chepamusoro chechikamu, uye anti-stripping kupfeka-resistant phosphate dongo zvidhinha, yakakwirira alumina zvidhinha, uye sillimanite zvidhinha zvinoshandiswa pakugadzira; chikamu chezasi chemuviri wechoto chinoshandisa dense uye kupfeka zvidhinha zvevhu zvinodzivirira, zvidhinha zvakakwirira zvealuminium, uye zvidhinha zvecorundum. , Zvidhinha zveCarborundum zvekuvaka.

Dumbu rechoto rinoshanda sechivharo cheupdraft, apo chikamu chemhosva chinoderedzwa uye slagging, uye chigadziko chevira chinoputirwa zvakanyanya nesimbi slag. Tembiricha apa yakakwira se1400 ~ 1600 ℃ muchikamu chepamusoro uye 1600 ~ 1650 ℃ muchikamu chepasi. Nekuda kwezvakadzama mhedzisiro yekupisa kwekushisa kwemwaranzi, kukukurwa kwealkali, gasi rinopisa rine guruva rinokwira muchoto, nezvimwewo, zvigadziriso zvembambo yevira pano zvakakuvadzwa zvakanyanya. Nokudaro, zvinhu zvinoramba zvichiramba zvakasimba kune slag erosion uye kuputika uye abrasion zvinofanira kusarudzwa pano. Dumbu rechoto rinogona kushandisa pasi-porosity zvidhinha zvevhu, yakakwirira alumina zvidhinha, graphite zvidhinha, silicon carbide zvidhinha, corundum zvidhinha, nezvimwewo zvekuvaka.

Choto inzvimbo inotakurwa simbi yakanyungudutswa uye simbi yakanyungudutswa. Iyo yakanyanya tembiricha munzvimbo ye tuyere ndeye 1700 ~ 2000 ℃, uye tembiricha yepasi pechoto i1450 ~ 1500 ℃. Pamusoro pekukanganiswa nekupisa kwepamusoro, jira rekupisa rinobviswawo ne slag nesimbi. Iyo hearth tuyere inogona kushandisa corundum mullite zvidhinha, brown corundum zvidhinha, uye sillimanite zvidhinha zvekuvaka. Corundum mullite zvidhinha uye brown corundum zvidhinha zvinoshandiswa kune inopisa pamusoro peiyo slag-iron kusangana, uye dense kabhoni zvidhinha uye graphite semi-graphite zvidhinha zvinoshandiswa kune inotonhora. Zvidhinha zvekabhoni, microporous kabhoni zvidhinha, zvidhinha zvekabhoni zvakaumbwa, sidewall brown corundum low simende prefabricated blocks, hearth inopisa-yakadzvanywa diki kabhoni zvidhinha, muchoto pasi uchishandisa graphite semi-graphite kabhoni zvidhinha, microporous kabhoni zvidhinha, nezvimwewo zvekuvaka.

Pamusoro pezvo, zvidhinha zvevhu, silicon carbide zvidhinha, zvidhinha zvegraphite, zvakasanganiswa corundum castables, silicon carbide castables, iron ditch yekupisa yekupfapfaidza zvinhu zvekugadzirisa zvinogona kushandiswa kuputika choto chesimbi. Chifukidzo chegomba chinoshandisa simende yakaderera uye yakakwirira aluminium castables uye chikamu che skimmer Uchishandisa yakaderera simende corundum inokandwa, iyo refractory zvinhu zveinozununguka nozzle yakafanana neiyo yesimbi simbi, uye gomba re slag rinogona kugadzirwa nezvinhu zvakaderera zvishoma.