Izinto eziphikisayo zolwelwesi lwesithando somlilo esiqhumayo

Izinto eziphikisayo zisetshenziswa emphinjeni, emzimbeni, esiswini, naseziko lesithando somlilo. Abakhiqizi bezitini eziphikisayo bazoqhubeka nokwabelana ngawe.

I-blast furnace imane nje iyithuluzi lokwenza insimbi. I-iron ore, i-coke, njll. kwethulwa kusukela phezulu kwesithando somlilo ngokulingana, futhi ukushisa okuphezulu (1000 ~ 1200℃) kufakwa ku-tuyere ephansi. Ukusabela kokunciphisa i-oxidation kwenziwa esithandweni somlilo. I-iron slag, i-slag iron igeleza iphuma emgodini wensimbi engxenyeni engezansi yesithando somlilo ukuze ihlukanise insimbi ne-slag. I-slag ingena emgodini we-slag, ihlanza i-slag noma ingena emgodini we-slag owomile. Insimbi encibilikisiwe ingena ethangini le-torpedo ngokusebenzisa i-swing nozzle noma iqhubeke nokwenza insimbi noma ithunyelwa emshinini wokuphonsa wensimbi. Ekugcineni, igesi ye-blast furnace ikhishwa ngemishini yokususa uthuli. Lena yonke inqubo yokwenza insimbi yesithando somlilo.

Ngokuthuthuka kanye nenqubekela phambili yemboni yensimbi neyensimbi emazweni ahlukahlukene, izithando zomlilo eziqhumayo ziya ngokuya zithuthuka zifinyelela ezingeni elikhulu, elisebenza kahle kakhulu futhi nempilo ende, futhi izinto zokunqanda amalambu omlilo anezidingo eziphakeme ngokuhambisanayo. Okufana ne-refractoriness enhle, ukuzinza okuphezulu kwezinga lokushisa, ukuminyana, ukuguquguquka okushisayo, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukumelana nokuguguleka nokumelana ne-slag.

Njengamanje, kunezinhlobonhlobo eziningi zezinto eziphikisayo ezithandweni zokuqhuma, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwezinto eziphikisayo ezingxenyeni ezihlukahlukene kuhlukile ngenxa yethonya lezimo zomlilo.

Emphinjeni wesithando somlilo, i-refractory masonry isetshenziswa njengolwelwesi oluvikelayo lwendwangu enengqondo. Izinga lokushisa lingu-400 ~ 500℃, futhi lithintwa ngokuqondile futhi liyangqubuzana ukushajwa, futhi umphumela wokugeleza komoya ubalula kancane. Lapha, izitini zobumba eziminyene, izitini eziphakeme ze-alumina, izinsimbi zobumba/amapende okufutha, njll. zingasetshenziselwa ukwakha.

Ingxenye yomzimba wesithando somlilo iyingxenye ebalulekile yesithando somlilo, esisetshenziselwa ukushisa, ukunciphisa kanye ne-slagging yenkokhelo. Lapha, ukuguguleka kwezinto kanye nokugeleza komoya okuphezulu kwezinga lokushisa kubi kakhulu. Izinga lokushisa eliphakathi kwesithando somlilo lingama-400 ~ 800 ℃, futhi akukho ukuguguleka kwe-slag. Ithintwa ikakhulukazi ukuguguleka kothuli olukhuphukayo, ukushaqeka okushisayo, i-alkali zinc kanye ne-carbon deposition. Ngakho-ke, izitini zobumba eziminyene kanye nezitini eziphakeme ze-alumina zisetshenziswa engxenyeni engenhla yengxenye, futhi izitini zobumba ze-phosphate eziphikisana nokugqoka, izitini eziphakeme ze-alumina, nezitini ze-sillimanite zisetshenziselwa ukwakha; ingxenye engezansi yomzimba wesithando somlilo isebenzisa izitini zobumba eziqinile futhi ezigqoka, izitini eziphakeme ze-alumina, nezitini ze-corundum. , Izitini zeCarborundum zokwakha.

Isisu sesithando somlilo sisebenza njengesivimbeli se-updraft, lapho ingxenye yenkokhelo iyancipha futhi i-slagging, futhi ulwelwesi lwesithando somlilo lugqwala kakhulu yi-iron slag. Izinga lokushisa lapha liphezulu njenge-1400 ~ 1600℃ engxenyeni engenhla kanye ne-1600 ~ 1650℃ engxenyeni engezansi. Ngenxa yemiphumela ebanzi yokushisa okuphezulu kwemisebe, ukuguguleka kwe-alkali, igesi yomlilo ekhuphukayo enothuli ekhuphukayo, njll., izinto eziphikisayo zolayini lwesithando lapha zonakaliswe kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, izinto eziphikisayo ezinokumelana okuqinile nokuguguleka kwe-slag nokuguguleka nokuhuzuka kufanele kukhethwe lapha. Isisu sesithando somlilo singasebenzisa izitini zobumba eziphansi-porosity, izitini eziphakeme ze-alumina, izitini ze-graphite, izitini ze-silicon carbide, izitini ze-corundum, njll.

Iziko yindawo lapho insimbi encibilikisiwe kanye ne-slag encibilikisiwe kulayishwa khona. Izinga lokushisa eliphakeme kakhulu endaweni ye-tuyere ngu-1700 ~ 2000 ℃, futhi izinga lokushisa elingaphansi kwesithando somlilo liyi-1450 ~ 1500℃. Ngaphezu kokuthinteka ekushiseni okuphezulu, ulwelwesi lweziko lugugulwa yi-slag nensimbi. Iziko le-tuyere lingasebenzisa izitini ze-corundum mullite, izitini ezinsundu ze-corundum, nezitini ze-sillimanite ukwenza amatshe. Izitini ze-Corundum mullite nezitini ezinsundu ze-corundum zisetshenziselwa indawo eshisayo yokuxhumana kwe-slag-iron, futhi izitini eziminyene ze-carbon nezitini ze-graphite semi-graphite zisetshenziselwa indawo ebandayo. Izitini zekhabhoni, izitini ze-carbon microporous, izitini ze-carbon ezibunjiwe, i-sidewall brown corundum low Cement prefabricated blocks, izitena ezincane ze-carbon ezicindezelwe eziko, phansi kwesithando somlilo kusetshenziswa izitini ze-graphite semi-graphite carbon, izitini ze-carbon microporous, njll.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, izitini zobumba, izitini ze-silicon carbide, izitini ze-graphite, izinsimbi ezihlanganisiwe ze-corundum, izinsimbi ze-silicon carbide, izinto zokulungisa izifutho zensimbi ezishisayo zingasetshenziselwa umkhombe wensimbi yokuqhuma kwesithando somlilo. Isembozo somgodi sisebenzisa usimende ophansi kanye nezinsimbi eziphezulu ze-aluminium kanye nengxenye ye-skimmer Ngokusebenzisa i-corundum ephansi ye-cement ekwazi ukuphonswa, i-refractory ye-swing nozzle ifana neyomgodi wensimbi, futhi umsele we-slag ungenziwa ngezinto eziphansi kancane.