Izixhobo ezixhathisayo zokwakhiwa kwesithando somlilo

Izinto ezixhathisayo zisetyenziswa emqaleni, emzimbeni, esiswini, nakwiziko lesithando somlilo. Abavelisi bezitena ezichasayo baya kuqhubeka nokwabelana nawe.

Isithando somlilo sisixhobo nje sokwenza intsimbi. I-iron ore, i-coke, njl. Ukusabela kokunciphisa i-oxidation kuqhutyelwa kwisithando somlilo. I-iron slag, intsimbi ye-slag iphuma kumngxuma wentsimbi kwindawo engezantsi yesithando somlilo ukuze yahlule intsimbi kunye ne-slag. I-slag ingena emngxunyeni we-slag, iphosa i-slag okanye ingene kwi-slag eyomileyo. Intsimbi etyhidiweyo ingena kwitanki ye-torpedo ngokusebenzisa umbhobho wokujingisa okanye iqhubeke nokwenza intsimbi okanye ithunyelwe kumatshini wokuphosa intsimbi. Ekugqibeleni, irhasi yesithando somlilo siyakhutshwa ngezixhobo zokususa uthuli. Le yinkqubo yonke yokwenziwa kwentsimbi yesithando somlilo.

Ngophuhliso kunye nenkqubela phambili yoshishino lwentsimbi kunye nentsimbi kumazwe ahlukeneyo, iziko eziqhumayo zikhula ngokuthe ngcembe ukuya kwinqanaba elikhulu, elisebenza ngokufanelekileyo kunye nobomi obude, kunye neerefractories zomlilo eziqhumayo zineemfuno eziphezulu ngokuhambelanayo. Okufana ne-refractoriness elungileyo, ukuzinza kobushushu obuphezulu, ukuxinana, ukuguquguquka kwe-thermal, ukumelana nokunxiba, ukumelana nokhukuliseko kunye nokumelana ne-slag.

Okwangoku, kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezinto eziphikisayo kwiziko lokuqhuma, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezichasayo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zihluke ngenxa yempembelelo yeemeko zesithando somlilo.

Kwi-furnace throat, i-masonry refractory isetyenziswe njengentambo yokukhusela kwilaphu elifanelekileyo. Iqondo lobushushu liyi-400 ~ 500℃, kwaye lichaphazeleka ngokuthe ngqo kwaye liyakhuhlana yintlawulo, kwaye isiphumo sokuhamba komoya sikhaphukhaphu kancinane. Apha, izitena zodongwe ezixineneyo, izitena eziphakamileyo ze-alumina, izinto zokuchithwa kodongwe / iipeyinti zokutshiza, njl.

Inxalenye yomzimba wesithando somlilo iyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yesithando somlilo, esisetyenziselwa ukufudumeza, ukunciphisa kunye ne-slagging yentlawulo. Apha, ukhukuliseko lwemathiriyeli kunye nokuhamba komoya okuphezulu kubi kakhulu. Ubushushu obuphakathi kwesithando somlilo yi-400 ~ 800℃, kwaye akukho sikhukuliseko se-slag. Ichatshazelwa kakhulu kukukhukuliseka kothuli olunyukayo, ukothuka kwe-thermal, i-alkali zinc kunye ne-carbon deposition. Ke ngoko, izitena zodongwe ezixineneyo kunye nezitena eziphakamileyo ze-alumina zisetyenziswa kwindawo ephezulu, kwaye izitena zodongwe ze-phosphate ezichasene ne-anti-stripping, izitena eziphakamileyo ze-alumina, kunye nezitena ze-sillimanite zisetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa; Inxalenye engezantsi yomzimba wesithando somlilo isebenzisa izitena zodongwe ezixineneyo kwaye zinxibe, izitena eziphakamileyo ze-alumina, kunye nezitena zecorundum. , Izitena zeCarborundum zokwakha.

Isisu sesithando somlilo sisebenza njenge-buffer ye-updraft, apho inxalenye yentlawulo iyancitshiswa kunye ne-slagging, kwaye i-furnace lining ihlanjululwe kakhulu yi-iron slag. Ubushushu apha buphezulu njenge-1400 ~ 1600℃ kwindawo ephezulu kunye ne-1600 ~ 1650℃ kwindawo engezantsi. Ngenxa yeziphumo ezibanzi zemitha yobushushu obuphezulu, ukhukuliseko lwealkali, igesi eshushu enothuli enyukayo yesithando somlilo, njl. Ngoko ke, izinto eziphikisayo ezinokuchasana okunamandla kwi-slag kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kufuneka kukhethwe apha. Isisu sesithando somlilo singasebenzisa izitena zobumba eziphantsi, izitena eziphezulu ze-alumina, izitena zegraphite, izitena ze-silicon carbide, izitena ze-corundum, njl.

Iziko yindawo apho intsimbi etyhidiweyo kunye ne-slag etyhidiweyo zilayishwa. Ubushushu obuphezulu kwindawo ye-tuyere yi-1700 ~ 2000 ℃, kwaye iqondo lokushisa eliphantsi kwesithando somlilo liyi-1450 ~ 1500 ℃. Ukongeza kokuchatshazelwa ngubushushu obuphezulu, i-hearth lining iphinda ibhujiswe yi-slag kunye nentsimbi. I-hearth tuyere inokusebenzisa izitena ze-corundum mullite, izitena ezimdaka ze-corundum, kunye nezitena ze-sillimanite zokwakha. Izitena ze-Corundum mullite kunye nezitena ze-brown corundum zisetyenziselwa indawo eshushu yokudibanisa i-slag-iron, kunye nezitena ezixineneyo zekhabhoni kunye nezitena zegraphite semi-graphite zisetyenziselwa indawo ebandayo. Izitena zekhabhoni, izitena ze-carbon microporous, izitena zekhabhoni ezibunjiweyo, i-sidewall brown corundum iibhloko ezisezantsi zesamente ezenziwe ngaphambili, izitena zekhabhoni ezishushu ezicinezelweyo, i-furnace ezantsi usebenzisa izitena ze-graphite semi-graphite carbon, izitena ze-carbon microporous, njl.

Ukongeza, izitena zodongwe, izitena ze-silicon carbide, izitena zegraphite, i-corundum castables edibeneyo, i-silicon carbide castables, i-iron ditch ye-thermal yokulungisa izinto zokutshiza zingasetyenziselwa ukuqhuma kwentsimbi yesithando somlilo. Isigqubuthelo somsele sisebenzisa i-samente ephantsi kunye ne-aluminium ephezulu kunye nenxalenye ye-skimmer Ukusebenzisa i-corundum ephantsi ye-cement, i-refractory material ye-swing nozzle ifana neyomsele wentsimbi, kwaye umsele we-slag unokwenziwa ngezinto eziphantsi kancinci.