Ukhetho lwe Isitena esichasayo Ukufakwa kwiiNdawo ezahlukeneyo zeSithando somlilo

Isithando somlilo ngoku sesona sixhobo sokunyibilikisa, esineempawu zentlalontle yoluntu elula kunye nomthamo omkhulu wokuvelisa. I-refractory brick lining ithatha indawo ebalulekileyo kwisithando somlilo. Nangona kunjalo, kwinkqubo yokuvelisa, i-refractory yesitena sodonga lwesithando somlilo iyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe ngenxa yemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Ngoko ke, ukwenzela ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo yezitofu eziphezulu zokushisa, kuyimfuneko ukukhetha iileyili zezitena eziphikisayo ngokufanelekileyo. Indlela yokhetho yolwakhiwo lwezitena ezichasayo kwicandelo ngalinye lulandelayo:

(1) Isithando somlilo somqala sichaphazeleka kakhulu yimpembelelo kunye nokuguga kwentlawulo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izitena zetsimbi okanye izitena zetsimbi ezipholileyo zisetyenziswa ngamanzi.

(2) Xa iziko langoku elikhulu lokuqhushumba lithatha izakhiwo ezinodonga olucekethekileyo, izinto eziphikisayo ezinokumelana neekhemikhali ezilungileyo kunye nokumelana nokunxiba kufuneka kukhethwe. Phakathi kwazo, izitena ezinobumba obuphezulu zezona zifanelekileyo kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukubuyisela izitena zezitena.

(3) Indlela yomonakalo ubukhulu becala kukothuka kwe-thermal, ukukhukuliseka kwerhasi yobushushu obuphezulu, imvula yeentsimbi zealkali, i-zinc kunye nekhabhoni, kunye nohlaselo lwekhemikhali kwi-slag yokuqala. Ukufakwa kwezitena kufuneka kwenziwe ngezinto ezichasayo ezichasene nokutshatyalaliswa kwe-thermal, ukuguguleka kwe-slag ephambili kunye nokumelana nokubola. Uqheliselo lubonise ukuba kungakhathaliseki ukuba i-refractory ilungile kangakanani na, kufuneka ikhukuliswe. Kuphela xa ukulingana kufikeleleke (malunga nesiqingatha sobukhulu bokuqala) kunokuzinziswa. Ngeli xesha kwakumalunga neminyaka emi-3. Ngapha koko, izitena ze-aluminiyam ze-sintered carbon kunye nokusebenza okungcono (ixabiso eliphantsi kakhulu) nazo zinokufezekisa le njongo. Ngoko ke, izitena ze-aluminium-carbon zingasetyenziselwa kwii-furnaces eziqhumayo ze-1000m3 nangaphantsi.

(4) Isizathu esiphambili somonakalo wesisu sesithando somlilo kukukhukuliseka kwegesi ephezulu yokushisa kunye nentsimbi ye-slag. Ubushushu bokuhamba kobushushu beli candelo buphezulu kakhulu, kwaye akukho zixhobo eziphikisayo ezinokuxhathisa izinto eziphikisayo ixesha elide. Ubomi benkonzo yezinto ezichasayo kule nxalenye abukho ixesha elide (iinyanga ezi-1～2 ubude, iiveki ezi-2～3 zifutshane). Ngokuqhelekileyo, izixhobo eziphikisayo ezinokunqandwa okuphezulu, ubushushu obuphezulu bokuthambisa umthwalo kunye nobuninzi bobuninzi obuphezulu bukhethiwe, njengezitena eziphezulu ze-alumina kunye nezitena ze-aluminium carbon.

(5) Indawo ye-furnace tuyere. Lo mmandla kuphela kwendawo yokusabela kwi-oxidation kwiziko lokuqhushumba, kwaye ubushushu obuphezulu bunokufikelela kwi-1900-2400 ℃. Uxinzelelo lwe-thermal olubangelwa ukushisa okuphezulu, ukukhukuliseka kwegesi ephezulu, ukukhukuliseka kwensimbi ye-slag, i-alkali yesinyithi, i-cyclic movement ye-coke erosion, njl. Iziko langoku lokuqhushumba zisebenzisa izitena ezidibeneyo ukwakha indawo ye-tuyere yeziko. Izinto eziphathekayo ziyi-alumina ephezulu, i-corundum, i-mullite, i-brown corundum, i-silicon nitride kunye ne-silicon carbide composite, kwaye ingasetyenziselwa iibhloko zekhabhoni ezicinezelekileyo.

(6) Kwiindawo apho i-lining of the furnace iqhume kakhulu, i-degree of corrosion isoloko isisiseko sokumisela ubomi benkonzo yesithando somlilo sesizukulwana sokuqala. Kwiintsuku zangaphambili, ngenxa yokuba kwakungekho ukupholisa, i-bottom of the furnace idla ngokusetyenziswa i-ceramic refractory material. Ke ngoko, ezona zizathu ziphambili zomonakalo kukuqhekeka kwamatye okubangelwa luxinzelelo lobushushu kunye nokudada kwizitena ezisezantsi ezibangelwa kukungena kwentsimbi etyhidiweyo kwiintanda, ukungena kunye nokugqwala kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kwizitena zekhabhoni, uhlaselo lwekhemikhali yesinyithi sealkali. izitena zekhabhoni, kunye nefuthe loxinzelelo lwe-thermal kwizitena zekhabhoni. Ukutshatyalaliswa kunye ne-oxidation yezitena zekhabhoni nge-CO2 kunye ne-H2O zisekho izinto ezibalulekileyo ezisongela ubomi benkonzo yezitena zesithando somlilo kunye neziko.

Iimeko zemveliso yecandelo ngalinye lesithando somlilo zihluke, ngoko ke iindawo ezahlukeneyo kufuneka zikhethe izinto ezahlukeneyo eziphikisayo kwaye zisebenzise ngokufanelekileyo ukuphepha iingxaki ezingeyomfuneko ezibangela ukuba izinto eziphikisayo zingaphumeleli ukuhlangabezana neemfuno kunye nezinye iingxaki.