Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesithando somlilo se-intermediate frequency induction kanye ne-electric arc furnace?

Nakuba izithando zomlilo zikagesi ze-arc kanye neziko lokungeniswa kwe-intermediate frequency ngokuvamile zisetshenziswa imishini yokuncibilikisa insimbi ecijile emafektri, iziko eliphakathi nendawo eliphakathi nendawo linezici ezilandelayo mayelana nomthamo wokucwenga nokuzivumelanisa nezimo uma kuqhathaniswa neziko ezivamile zikagesi ze-arc.

1. Izici mayelana nekhono lokucwenga

Izithando ze-arc zikagesi zingcono kunezifudumezi zokungeniswa ekususeni i-phosphorus, isulfure namandla e-deoxidizing. Isithando somlilo sokungeniswa siyi-slag ebandayo, futhi izinga lokushisa le-slag ligcinwa ukushisa okunikezwa insimbi encibilikisiwe. Isithando somlilo se-arc kagesi siyi-slag eshisayo, futhi i-slag ishisa i-arc kagesi. I-Dephosphorization kanye ne-desulfurization ingaqedwa nge-slag, futhi i-slag ihlakazeka ngokugcwele futhi i-deoxidized. Ngakho-ke, ikhono lesithando somlilo se-arc kagesi ukususa i-phosphorus, isulfure ne-oksijini lingcono kunesithando somlilo sokungeniswa. Okuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen esithandweni sikagesi se-arc esincibilikisayo kuphezulu kunalokho okusesithandweni sokungenisa izinto. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ama-molecule e-nitrogen emoyeni endaweni yokushisa ephezulu ye-arc afakwa i-athomu abe ama-athomu bese amuncwa insimbi encibilikisiwe. Ingxubevange yokuncibilikisa yesithando somlilo inokuqukethwe kwe-nitrogen ephansi kune-arc kagesi, kanye nokuqukethwe komoya-mpilo okuphezulu kunesithando somlilo se-arc kagesi, futhi ingxubevange inenani lempilo elisheshayo eliphakeme kunesithando somlilo kagesi.

2. Izinga eliphezulu lokubuyisela kabusha izakhi ze-alloy ezincibilikisiwe

Isivuno sezakhi ze-alloy ezincibilikisiwe ngesithando somlilo esingeniswayo siphezulu kunaleso somlilo we-arc kagesi. Ukulahleka kwe-volatilization kanye ne-oxidation yezakhi kukhulu ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu le-arc. Izinga lokulahlekelwa okuvuthayo lezinto ze-alloying ekuncibilikiseni kwesithando somlilo liphansi kunalelo lesithando somlilo se-arc kagesi. Ikakhulukazi, izinga lokulahlekelwa okuvuthayo kwezakhi ze-alloy kumpahla yokubuyisela elayishwe ngesithando somlilo liphakeme kakhulu kunelo lomlilo wokungeniswa. Ekuncibilikiseni kwesithando somlilo sokungeniswa, singabuyisa ngokuphumelelayo izakhi ze-alloying ezintweni ezibuyayo. Ngesikhathi sokuncibilika kwesithando somlilo se-arc kagesi, izakhi ze-alloying ezintweni zokubuyisela kuqala zifakwe i-oxidized zibe i-slag, bese zinciphisa kusukela ku-slag kuya ensimbi encibilikisiwe, futhi izinga lokulahlekelwa okuvuthayo landa kakhulu.

Uma ubuyisela into ekuncibilikeni, izinga lokutholwa kwento ehlanganisiwe yesithando somlilo liphezulu kakhulu kunalelo lesithando somlilo se-arc kagesi.

3. Ukwanda kwekhabhoni ephansi ensimbi encibilikisiwe ngesikhathi sokuncibilika

Isithando somlilo esingeniswayo sincike kumgomo wokushisisa ongeniswa ukuze kuncibilike ukushaja kwensimbi ngaphandle kokwenyuka kwekhabhoni yensimbi encibilikisiwe. Isithando somlilo se-arc sikagesi sincike kuma-electrode egraphite ukushisisa ukushaja nge-arc kagesi. Ngemva kokuncibilika, insimbi encibilikisiwe izokwandisa ikhabhoni. Ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, lapho kuncibilika insimbi ye-high-alloy nickel-chromium, ubuncane bekhabhoni yokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni yesithando somlilo se-arc kagesi bungu-0.06%, kanti lokho kokuncibilikisa kwesithando somlilo kungafinyelela ku-0.020%. Ukwanda kwekhabhoni kunqubo yokuncibilikisa i-arc yomlilo kagesi ngu-0.020%, kanti lokho kwesithando somlilo sokungeniswa ngu-0.010%. Isithando somlilo sokungeniswa kwe-vacuum intermediate non-vacuum silungele ukuncibilikisa izinsimbi nama-alloys anekhabhoni ephansi kanye ne-high-alloy.

4. I-electromagnetic stirring yensimbi encibilikisiwe ithuthukisa izimo ze-thermodynamic neziguquguqukayo zenqubo yokwenza insimbi Izimo zokunyakaza kwensimbi encibilikisiwe esithandweni sokungeniswa zingcono kunalezo zesithando somlilo se-arc kagesi. Isithando somlilo se-arc kagesi kumele sifakwe isivusi somlilo esinezikhawu eziphansi kule njongo, futhi umphumela waso awukabi muhle njengalowo wesithando somlilo. Umthelela wokunyakazisa kazibuthe esithandweni sokungeniswa uthuthukisa izimo ze-kinetic zokusabela futhi ukhuthaze ukuhlangana kwezinga lokushisa nokwakheka kwensimbi encibilikisiwe. Kodwa-ke, ukugqugquzela ngokweqile ngeke kuhambisane nokukhishwa kwe-inclusions futhi kulimaza uhlaka lwesithando somlilo.

5. Imingcele yenqubo yenqubo yokuncibilikisa kulula ukuyilawula. Ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa, isikhathi sokucwenga, umfutho oshukumisayo kanye nezinga lokushisa eliqhubekayo ngesikhathi sokuncibilikiswa kwesithando somlilo sokungeniswa konke kulula kakhulu kuneziko likagesi ze-arc futhi kungenziwa nganoma yisiphi isikhathi. Ngenxa yokuthi isithando somlilo sokungeniswa sinezici ezingenhla, siyindawo ebaluleke kakhulu kumaqabane ekuncibilikisweni kwezinsimbi eziphezulu ze-alloy nama-alloys. Ingakwazi ukukhiqiza imikhiqizo ngokuzimela, futhi ingabuye ihlanganiswe nokucwengwa kwesibili okufana ne-electroslag remelting kanye ne-vacuum self-consumption ukwakha inqubo ekabili yokukhiqiza. Ngakho-ke, ukuncibilikiswa kwesithando somlilo esimaphakathi okungeyona i-vacuum okuphakathi nendawo sekuyindlela ebalulekile yokuncibilika ekukhiqizeni izinsimbi ezikhethekile nama-alloys njengensimbi enesivinini esikhulu, insimbi engashisi, insimbi engagqwali, ama-alloys e-electrothermal, ama-alloys anembile, nama-alloys asezingeni eliphezulu. , futhi isisetshenziswe kabanzi.