Ukukhethwa kwe- Isitini Esiphikisayo Ulayini Ezingxenyeni Ezihlukene ZeBlast Furnace

Isithando somlilo esiqhumayo njengamanje siyisisetshenziswa esiyinhloko sokuncibilikisa, esinezici zenhlalakahle yomphakathi elula kanye namandla amakhulu okukhiqiza. I-refractory brick lining ithatha isikhundla esibalulekile esithandweni somlilo. Kodwa-ke, ohlelweni lokukhiqiza, uhlaka lwezitini eziphikisayo zodonga lwesithando somlilo luyagqwala kancane kancane ngenxa yemisebenzi ehlukahlukene. Ngakho-ke, ukuze ukwandise impilo yesevisi yezithando zokushisa eziphezulu, kuyadingeka ukukhetha izitini zezitini eziphikisayo ngokunengqondo. Indlela yokukhetha ye-refractory brick lining engxenyeni ngayinye imi kanje:

(1) Umphimbo womlilo uthintwa kakhulu umthelela nokuguga kwenkokhiso. Ngokuvamile, izitini zensimbi noma izitini zensimbi ezipholile ngamanzi zisetshenziswa.

(2) Lapho izithando zomlilo zanamuhla ezinkulu eziqhumayo zisebenzisa izakhiwo ezinezindonga ezincane, izinto eziphikisayo ezinokumelana namakhemikhali okuhle kanye nokungagugi kufanele kukhethwe. Phakathi kwazo, izitini zobumba eziphakeme kakhulu zifaneleka kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile zisetshenziselwa ukufaka esikhundleni sezitini zezitini.

(3) Indlela yokulimala ikakhulukazi ukushaqeka okubangelwa ukushisa okushisayo, ukuguguleka kwegesi lokushisa eliphezulu, imvula yezinsimbi ze-alkali, i-zinc ne-carbon, nokuhlasela kwamakhemikhali kwe-slag yokuqala. Uhlaka lwezitini kufanele lwenziwe ngezinto eziphikisayo ezimelana nokushaqeka okushisayo, ukuguguleka kwe-slag okuyinhloko kanye nokumelana nokugqwala. Ukuzijwayeza kuye kwabonisa ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi inhle kangakanani impahla ephikisayo, kufanele igugulwe. Kuphela uma ukulingana kufinyelelwe (cishe ingxenye yobukhulu bangempela) lapho kungaqiniswa khona. Kulokhu kwakuyiminyaka emi-3. Eqinisweni, izitini ze-aluminium ze-sintered ezisebenza kangcono (ezishibhile kakhulu) nazo zingafinyelela lo mgomo. Ngakho-ke, izitini ze-aluminium-carbon zingasetshenziswa kuma-blast furnaces angu-1000m3 nangaphansi.

(4) Isizathu esiyinhloko sokulimala kwesisu sesithando somlilo ukuguguleka kwegesi enezinga eliphezulu lokushisa kanye nensimbi ye-slag. Ukuqina kokugeleza kokushisa kwale ngxenye kuphezulu kakhulu, futhi akukho mpahla ephikisayo engamelana nezinto eziphikisayo isikhathi eside. Impilo yesevisi yezinto eziphikisayo kule ngxenye ayinde (izinyanga ezingu-1～2 ubude, amaviki angu-2–3 amafushane). Ngokuvamile, izinto eziphikisayo ezine-refractoriness ephezulu, izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lokuthambisa umthwalo kanye nokuminyana kwenqwaba kuyakhethwa, njengezitini eziphakeme ze-alumina nezitini ze-aluminium carbon.

(5) Indawo ye-furnace tuyere. Le ndawo ukuphela kwendawo yokusabela kwe-oxidation esithandweni somlilo, futhi izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lingafinyelela ku-1900-2400 ℃. Ukucindezeleka okushisayo okubangelwa izinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukuguguleka kwegesi ephezulu, ukuguguleka kwensimbi ye-slag, ukuguguleka kwensimbi ye-alkali, ukuguguleka kwe-cyclic ukunyakaza kwe-coke, njll. kuzodala ukulimala kolwelwesi lwesitini. Iziko zanamuhla eziqhumayo zisebenzisa izitini eziyinhlanganisela ukwakha indawo ye-tuyere yeziko. Izinto zokwakha ziyi-alumina ephezulu, i-corundum, i-mullite, i-brown corundum, i-silicon nitride nezinhlanganisela ze-silicon carbide, futhi zingasetshenziselwa amabhulokhi ekhabhoni acindezelwe ngokushisayo.

(6) Ezindaweni lapho ulayini lwesithando somlilo sigqwalile kakhulu, izinga lokugqwala belilokhu liyisisekelo sokunquma impilo yesevisi yesithando somlilo esiqhumayo sesizukulwane sokuqala. Ezinsukwini zakuqala, ngenxa yokuthi kwakungekho ukupholisa, phansi kwesithando somlilo sasivame ukusebenzisa i-ceramic refractory material eyodwa. Ngakho-ke, izimbangela eziyinhloko zomonakalo ukuqhekeka kwamatshe okubangelwa ukucindezeleka okushisayo kanye nokuntanta kwezitini ezingaphansi okubangelwa ukungena kwensimbi encibilikisiwe emifantwini, ukungena nokugqwala kwensimbi encibilikisiwe ezitini ze-carbon, ukuhlaselwa kwamakhemikhali kwezinsimbi ze-alkali ku-alkali. izitini ze-carbon, kanye nomthelela wokucindezeleka okushisayo kuzitini ze-carbon. Ukucekelwa phansi kanye ne-oxidation yezitini ze-carbon nge-CO2 ne-H2O kuseyizici ezibalulekile ezisongela impilo yesevisi yezingezansi zomlilo neziko.

Izimo zokukhiqiza zengxenye ngayinye yesithando somlilo zihlukile, ngakho-ke izindawo ezihlukene zidinga ukukhetha izinto eziphikisayo ezihlukene futhi zizisebenzise ngokufanele ukugwema izinkinga ezingadingekile ezibangela ukuthi izinto eziphikisayo zihluleke ukuhlangabezana nezidingo kanye nezinye izinkinga.