Txoj kev tsim khoom thiab kev kho cua sov ntawm ncej forgings

1. Kev tsim khoom thiab kev kho cua sov ntawm ncej forgings

(1) Khoom siv

Nyob rau hauv ib-thooj me me batch ntau lawm, cov ntxhib ncej forgings feem ntau siv kub dov bar Tshuag.

Rau cov kauj ruam shafts nrog loj txoj kab uas hla sib txawv, thiaj li yuav txuag tau cov ntaub ntawv thiab txo cov nqi zog rau machining, forgings feem ntau yog siv. Stepped shafts ua nyob rau hauv me me batch ntawm ib daim yog feem ntau free forging, thiab tuag forging yog siv nyob rau hauv loj ntau lawm.

(2) Kev kho cua sov

Rau 45 steel, tom qab quenching thiab tempering (235HBS), lub zos high-frequency quenching yuav ua rau lub zos hardness ncav cuag HRC62 ~ 65, thiab ces tom qab tempering kho kom zoo, nws yuav txo tau mus rau qhov yuav tsum tau hardness (piv txwv li, CA6140 spindle yog teev. raws li HRC52).

9Mn2V, uas yog manganese-vanadium alloy cov cuab yeej hlau nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm 0.9%, muaj zog hardenability zoo dua, txhua yam muaj zog thiab hardness tshaj 45 steel. Tom qab kev kho cua sov kom zoo, nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau qhov tseeb qhov tseeb thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm high-precision tshuab cuab yeej spindles. Piv txwv li, universal cylindrical grinder M1432A headstock thiab sib tsoo log spindle siv cov khoom no.

38CrMoAl, qhov no yog nruab nrab-carbon alloy nitrided hlau. Vim tias qhov kub thiab txias ntawm nitriding yog 540-550 ℃ qis dua qhov kub ntawm qhov kub, qhov deformation yog me dua thiab hardness kuj siab (HRC> 65, qhov chaw hardness HRC> 28) thiab zoo heev yog li ntawd, lub taub hau ncej thiab sib tsoo log ncej ntawm lub high-precision semi-automatic cylindrical grinder MBG1432 yog ua los ntawm cov hlau zoo li no.

Tsis tas li ntawd, rau ncej forgings nrog nruab nrab precision thiab kev kub ceev, alloy steels xws li 40Cr feem ntau yog siv. Tom qab quenching thiab tempering thiab high-frequency quenching, hom hlau no muaj cov khoom siv zoo heev thiab tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau siv. Qee lub shafts kuj siv pob bearing steel xws li GCr15 thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav steel xws li 66Mn. Tom qab quenching thiab tempering thiab nto quenching, cov hlau no muaj kev hnav tsis kam thiab qaug zog heev. Thaum cov ncej ncej yuav tsum tau ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv high-speed thiab hnyav-load tej yam kev mob, low-carbon kub-muaj steels xws li 18CrMnTi thiab 20Mn2B tuaj yeem xaiv. Cov hlau no muaj qhov tawv tawv siab, cuam tshuam lub zog thiab lub zog tseem ceeb tom qab carburizing thiab quenching, tab sis Lub deformation los ntawm kev kho cua sov yog loj dua li ntawm 38CrMoAl.

Rau cov spindles uas yuav tsum tau nyob rau hauv lub zos high-frequency quenching, quenching thiab tempering kho yuav tsum tau teem nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem dhau los (qee yam steels yog normalized). Thaum qhov khoob khoob loj loj (xws li forgings), quenching thiab tempering yuav tsum tau muab tso rau tom qab qhov kev ntxhib los mos. Ua ntej ua tiav txoj siav, yog li ntawd qhov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv los ntawm kev sib hloov yuav raug tshem tawm thaum lub sij hawm quenching thiab tempering; Thaum qhov khoob khoob me me (xws li cov khoom lag luam bar), quenching thiab tempering tuaj yeem nqa tawm ua ntej roughing (sib npaug rau semi-tiav tiav ntawm forgings). High-frequency quenching kev kho feem ntau yog muab tso rau tom qab ib nrab tiav tig. Txij li thaum lub spindle tsuas yog yuav tsum tau hardened hauv zos, muaj qee yam yuav tsum tau rau qhov raug thiab tsis muaj hardening ib feem ua, xws li threading, keyway milling thiab lwm yam txheej txheem, yog teem nyob rau hauv lub zos quenching thiab roughing. Tom qab sib tsoo. Rau high-precision spindles, qhov kub thiab txias kev laus yuav tsum tau tom qab lub zos quenching thiab ntxhib sib tsoo, kom cov metallographic qauv thiab kev nyuaj siab lub xeev ntawm spindle nyob ruaj khov.

Ncej forgings

Qhov thib ob, qhov kev xaiv ntawm positioning datum

Rau cov khoom ncej forgings, qhov zoo datum nto yog qhov chaw nruab nrab, uas txaus siab rau datum coincidence thiab datum uniformity. Rau cov hollow spindles zoo li CA6140A, ntxiv rau qhov chaw nruab nrab, muaj lub voj voog sab nrauv ntawm phau ntawv xov xwm thiab ob qho tib si siv sib hloov, ua haujlwm rau ib leeg.

Peb, kev faib cov txheej txheem ua tiav

Txhua txheej txheem machining thiab cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov hauv cov txheej txheem spindle machining yuav tsim kev ua haujlwm tsis raug thiab kev ntxhov siab rau ntau qhov sib txawv, yog li cov txheej txheem machining yuav tsum tau muab faib. Spindle machining yeej muab faib ua peb theem hauv qab no.

(1) Rough machining theem

1) Kev ua tsis tiav. Kev npaj dawb huv, forging thiab normalizing.

2) Rough machining pom kom tshem tawm qhov seem, milling lub ntsej muag kawg, drilling qhov chaw nruab nrab thiab lub voj voog sab nrauv ntawm lub tsheb khib nyiab, thiab lwm yam.

(2) Semi-finishing theem

1) Kev kho cua sov ua ntej kev ua tiav ib nrab feem ntau yog siv rau 45 steel kom ua tiav 220-240HBS.

2) Semi-tiav cov txheej txheem tig taper nto (qhov chaw taper qhov) semi-tiav tig sab nrauv lub voj voog kawg lub ntsej muag thiab qhov tob qhov drilling, thiab lwm yam.

(3), ua tiav theem

1) Kev kho cua sov thiab hauv zos siab zaus quenching ua ntej ua tiav.

2) Txhua yam kev sib tsoo ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub khob hliav qab, sib tsoo ntawm lub voj voog sab nrauv, milling ntawm txoj kev tseem ceeb thiab spline zawj, thiab xov ua ntej ua tiav.

3) Kev ua tiav thiab sib tsoo lub voj voog sab nrauv thiab sab hauv thiab sab nrauv lub khob hliav qab kom ntseeg tau tias qhov tseeb ntawm qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm cov ntxaiv.

Ncej forgings

Plaub, qhov kev npaj ntawm cov txheej txheem ua ntu zus thiab kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov txheej txheem

Rau cov ncej forgings nrog hollow thiab puab lub khob hliav qab cov yam ntxwv, thaum xav txog kev ua ntu zus ntawm cov chaw tseem ceeb xws li kev txhawb nqa cov ntawv xov xwm, cov ntawv xov xwm dav dav thiab lub khob hliav qab, muaj ntau yam kev xaiv raws li hauv qab no.

①Rough machining ntawm txheej txheej → tho qhov tob → tiav ntawm txheej txheej → roughing ntawm taper qhov → tiav ntawm taper qhov;

② Txheej txheej roughing → drilling qhov tob → taper qhov roughing → taper qhov xov → txheej txheej tiav;

③ Txheej txheej roughing → drilling qhov tob → taper qhov roughing → txheej txheej tiav → taper qhov xov.

Rau kev ua ntu zus ntawm CA6140 tshuab dhos spindle, nws tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas thiab sib piv zoo li no:

Thawj lub tswv yim: Thaum lub sij hawm lub machining ntxhib ntawm lub tapered lub qhov, qhov precision thiab roughness ntawm lub voj voog sab nrauv yuav puas vim lub excircle nto uas tau ua tiav machined yog siv raws li qhov zoo siv nto, yog li cov tswv yim no tsis haum.

Kev daws thib ob: Thaum ua tiav cov txheej txheem sab nrauv, lub taper ntsaws yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv ib qho ntxiv, uas yuav ua kom puas qhov tseeb ntawm lub qhov taper. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum muaj kev ua haujlwm tsis raug thaum ua lub qhov taper (qhov kev sib tsoo ntawm lub qhov taper yog qhov phem tshaj qhov kev sib tsoo sab nraud, thiab qhov yuam kev ntawm taper plug nws tus kheej yuav ua rau qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw thiab sab hauv. Lub khob hliav qab nto, ncej, yog li cov tswv yim no yuav tsum tsis txhob raug saws.

Qhov thib peb kev daws teeb meem: Hauv kev ua tiav ntawm lub qhov taper, txawm hais tias qhov chaw ntawm lub voj voog sab nrauv uas tau ua tiav yuav tsum tau siv los ua cov ntaub ntawv tiav; tab sis vim tias qhov nyiaj pub dawb ntawm kev ua tiav ntawm qhov taper nto yog me me, lub zog sib tsoo tsis loj; nyob rau tib lub sij hawm, lub taper Qhov kawg ntawm lub qhov yog nyob rau hauv lub kawg theem ntawm ncej machining, thiab muaj me ntsis cuam tshuam rau qhov tseeb ntawm cov txheej txheej. Ntxiv rau qhov kev ua tiav ntawm cov tswv yim no, lub voj voog sab nrauv thiab lub qhov tapered tuaj yeem siv ua ke, uas tuaj yeem txhim kho cov coaxiality. Siv.

Los ntawm qhov kev sib piv no, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm ntawm ncej forgings xws li CA6140 spindle yog qhov zoo tshaj qhov kev xaiv thib peb.

Los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas thiab kev sib piv ntawm cov tswv yim, nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias qhov kev txiav txim ua ntu zus ntawm txhua qhov chaw ntawm cov ncej forging feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm datum. Thaum xaiv qhov ntxhib thiab nplua datums rau kev ua haujlwm raug xaiv, cov txheej txheem ua tiav tuaj yeem txiav txim siab. Vim hais tias qhov positioning datum nto yog ib txwm ua tiav ua ntej thaum pib ntawm txhua theem, uas yog, thawj txheej txheem yuav tsum tau npaj lub positioning datum siv rau cov txheej txheem tom ntej. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem ntawm CA6140 spindle, lub ntsej muag kawg yog milled thiab qhov chaw nruab nrab yog punched los ntawm qhov pib. Qhov no yog los npaj lub positioning datum rau lub voj voog sab nrauv ntawm txoj kev ntxhib thiab semi-tiav tig; lub voj voog sab nrauv ntawm semi-finishing tig npaj qhov chaw datum rau qhov sib sib zog nqus qhov machining; lub voj voog sab nrauv ntawm semi-finishing tig kuj tseem npaj qhov chaw datum rau pem hauv ntej thiab rov qab taper qhov machining. Conversely, lub hauv ntej thiab nram qab taper qhov yog nruab nrog lub sab saum toj qhov tom qab taper plugging, thiab positioning datum yog npaj rau lub tom ntej semi-tiav thiab tiav ntawm lub voj voog sab nrauv; thiab qhov positioning datum rau qhov kawg sib tsoo ntawm lub taper qhov yog phau ntawv journal uas tau ua hauv av hauv cov txheej txheem dhau los. nto.

Ncej forgings

5. Cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab raws li cov txheej txheem ua tiav, thiab ob lub hauv paus ntsiab lus yuav tsum tau ua tiav:

1. Lub positioning datum dav hlau nyob rau hauv tus txheej txheem yuav tsum tau teem ua ntej tus txheej txheem. Piv txwv li, kev sib sib zog nqus qhov txheej txheem yog npaj tom qab ntxhib tig rau sab nrauv kom muaj cov ntaub ntawv muaj tseeb dua raws li qhov chaw siv qhov chaw kom ntseeg tau tias cov phab ntsa tuab tuab thaum lub qhov sib sib zog nqus.

2. Kev ua haujlwm ntawm txhua qhov saum npoo yuav tsum tau muab sib cais rau qhov ntxhib thiab zoo, ua ntej ntxhib thiab tom qab ntawd zoo, ntau zaus maj mam txhim kho nws qhov tseeb thiab roughness. Kev ua tiav ntawm lub ntsiab saum npoo yuav tsum tau teem caij thaum kawg.

Txhawm rau txhim kho cov qauv hlau thiab kev ua haujlwm, cov txheej txheem kho cua sov, xws li annealing, normalizing, thiab lwm yam, feem ntau yuav tsum tau teem caij ua ntej txhua yam.

Txhawm rau txhim kho cov cuab yeej ntawm cov ncej forgings thiab tshem tawm cov kev ntxhov siab sab hauv, cov txheej txheem kev kho cua sov, xws li quenching thiab tempering, kev laus kev kho mob, thiab lwm yam., feem ntau yuav tsum tau teem caij tom qab machining ntxhib thiab ua ntej ua tiav.