Ke hobane’ng ha phapang ea theko e pakeng tsa mofuta o tšoanang oa maqhubu a mahareng sebōpi se qhibilihang ka induction?

Ho qhibiliha ha maqhubu a mahareng ho na le sekhahla se phahameng sa ho futhumatsa, ts’ebetso e phahameng, tahlehelo e tlase ea mollo, tahlehelo e tlase ea mocheso, mocheso o tlase oa workshop, phokotso ea ho hlahisa mosi, ho boloka matla, tlhahiso e ntlafalitsoeng, maemo a ntlafetseng a basebetsi, ho fokotsa matla a basebetsi, le tikoloho e hloekileng ea kamore. Haholo-holo bakeng sa tšepe e entsoeng ka tšepe, sebōpi se qhibilihang sa induction se molemo ho fumana metsi a tšepe a sebabole a tlaase a ke keng a bapisoa le cupola. Ha u khetha sebōpi sa ho qhibiliha sa maqhubu a mahareng, k’hamphani e thehiloeng e lokela ho khetha tse latelang ho latela matla a transformer, litlhoko tsa tlhahiso, quota ea matsete, joalo-joalo, ha u reka lisebelisoa.

1. Boemo ba ho qhibiliha ha maqhubu a mahareng

1.1   Medium frequency induction melting transformer capacity

Hajoale, bakeng sa phepelo ea motlakase e ts’oanang ea SCR e felletseng e tsamaisanang le IF, kamano ea lipalo lipakeng tsa matla a transformer le phepelo ea motlakase ke: boleng ba matla a transformer = boleng ba phepelo ea motlakase x 1.2

For the IGBT half-bridge series inverter IF power supply (commonly known as one for two, one for melting one insulation, two for simultaneous operation), the numerical relationship between transformer capacity and power supply is: value of transformer capacity = value of power supply x 1.1

Transformer ke sesebelisoa sa rectifier. E le ho fokotsa ho kena-kenana le li-harmonics, ho khoneha ka hohle kamoo ho ka khonehang bakeng sa sefofane se khethehileng, ke hore, motlakase o le mong oa maqhubu a mahareng o na le mochine o fetolang motlakase.

1.2 IF induction fuse line voltage

Bakeng sa phepelo ea motlakase ea maqhubu a mahareng a ka tlase ho 1000KW, ho sebelisoa matla a liindasteri a mekhahlelo e meraro a 380V, 50HZ, ‘me phepelo ea motlakase ea 6-pulse single-rectifier ea mahareng e lokisoa. Bakeng sa phepelo ea motlakase oa maqhubu a mahareng a kaholimo ho 1000KWY, ho tsepamisitsoe maikutlo ho sebeliseng motlakase o kenang oa 660V (baetsi ba bang ba sebelisa 575V kapa 750V). Hobane 575VZ kapa 750V ke boemo bo sa tloaelehang ba motlakase, lisebelisoa ha li ntle ho reka, ho khothalletsoa hore u se ke ua li sebelisa). Hlophisa 12-pulse double-rectifier IF phepelo ea motlakase ka mabaka a mabeli: e ‘ngoe ke ho eketsa matla a sebetsang a lekantsoeng ka ho eketsa motlakase oa mohala o kenang; ea bobeli e kholo Li-harmonics tse hlahisoang ke matla li tla kena-kenana le marang-rang. Ho lokisa habeli ho ka fumana DC e batlang e otlolohile hona joale. Hona joale mojaro ke leqhubu la khutlonnetsepa, ‘me motlakase oa mojaro o haufi le leqhubu la sine, e leng ho fokotsang tšusumetso ea tšitiso ea marang-rang ho lisebelisoa tse ling.

Basebelisi ba bang ba lelekisa motlakase o phahameng ka bofofu (ba bang ba 1000KW ba sebelisa 900V line voltage), mme ba boloka matla ho tloha ha a le tlase. Ha ke tsebe hore na sena ke ka litšenyehelo tsa bophelo ba sebōpi sa motlakase. Ha e tšoanelehe ho lahleheloa, matla a phahameng a bonolo ho khutsufatsa bophelo ba likarolo tsa motlakase. , platoon ea koporo, mokhathala oa cable, e le hore bophelo ba sebōpi sa motlakase bo fokotsehe haholo. Ho phaella moo, matla a phahameng bakeng sa baetsi ba sebōpi sa motlakase, lihlahisoa tse tala li fokotsehile ho ea ka thepa, ho boloka litšenyehelo. Baetsi ba sebōpi sa motlakase ka sebele ba ikemiselitse ho etsa joalo (theko e phahameng ea theko e tlaase.) Tahlehelo ea ho qetela e ntse e le tšebeliso ea baetsi ba sebōpi sa motlakase.

2. Capacity requirements

In general, the capacity of the medium frequency induction melting furnace can be determined by the weight of the individual pieces and the weight of the molten iron required for each working day. Then determine the power and frequency of the IF power supply. Induction heating equipment is a non-standard product. At present, there is no standard in the country, and the general configuration of the industry is shown in Table 1.

Letlapa la 1 Mekhahlelo ea khetho ea sebōpi sa ho qhibiliha ha maqhubu a mahareng

It can be seen from Table 1 that the power density of the domestic medium frequency induction melting furnace is about 500 KW/ton, which is lower than the theoretical optimal value of 600-800 KW, mainly considering the lining life and production management. Under high power density, electromagnetic stirring will produce strong scouring of the lining, and the requirements for lining materials, furnace building methods, melting processes, materials, and auxiliary materials are high. According to the above configuration, the melting time per furnace is 75 minutes (including feeding, salvaging impurities, quenching and tempering time). If it is necessary to shorten the melting time per furnace, the power density of the power source can be increased by 100 KW/ton while the capacity of the furnace body is constant.

3. Khetho ea sebopeho

Ho ea ka litloaelo tsa indasteri, sebopi se qhibilihisang sa sebopeho sa motsoako oa aluminium se fokotsang joalo ka ha mokhoa oa ho sekama o tsejoa e le sebopi sa aluminium shell. Sebōpi se qhibilihang sa induction sa sebopeho sa tšepe se nang le hydraulic cylinder joalo ka ha sebōpi se sekamehang se bitsoa sebōpi sa tšepe ea tšepe. Phapang pakeng tsa tsena tse peli e bontšoa ho Lethathamo la 2 le la 1.

Letlapa la 2 Sebopi sa khetla ea tšepe le sebopi sa khetla ea aluminium li fapane (nka mohlala oa thane e le 1 ea sebopi sa tšepe)

Ha ho bapisoa le sebopi sa khetla ea aluminium, melemo ea sebōpi sa khetla ea tšepe ke lintlha tse hlano:

1) E matsutla-tsutla ebile e khabane, haholo-holo bakeng sa libopi tse nang le matla a maholo, tse hlokang sebopeho se thata se thata. Ho tloha sebakeng sa polokeho ea sebōpi se sekametseng, leka ho sebelisa tšepe ea khetla ea tšepe.

2) Joko e entsoeng ka lithebe tsa letlapa la silicon mme e ntša likhoele tsa makenete tse hlahisoang ke coil ea induction, e fokotsa ho lutla ha makenete, e ntlafatsa ts’ebetso ea mocheso, e eketsa tlhahiso, ‘me e boloka matla ka 5% -8%.

3) The presence of the furnace cover reduces heat loss and increases the safety of the equipment.

4) Bophelo ba nako e telele ea ts’ebeletso, aluminium e na le oxidized ho feta mocheso o phahameng, e leng se bakang mokhathala oa tšepe. Sebakeng sa setsi sa khoebo, hangata ho bonoa hore khetla ea aluminium ea khetla ea aluminium e sebelisitsoeng selemo kapa ho feta e robehile, ‘me sebōpi sa khetla ea tšepe ha se na ho lutla hona joale, mme bophelo ba ts’ebeletso ea lisebelisoa bo feta haholo ba khetla ea aluminium. sebopi.

5) Ts’ebetso ea ts’ireletso Sebōpi sa khetla ea tšepe se molemo haholo ho feta sebōpi sa khetla ea aluminium. Ha sebōpi sa khetla ea aluminium se qhibilihisoa, khetla ea aluminium e holofala habonolo ka lebaka la mocheso o phahameng le khatello e matla, ‘me polokeho ea fokola. Sebōpi sa tšepe ea khetla se sebelisa sebōpi sa hydraulic tilting ‘me se bolokehile ebile se tšepahala.

Ke hobane’ng ha litheko tsa mofuta o tšoanang li fapane? U ka khetha “medium frequency melting furnace” joang?

Theko ea mofuta o tšoanang oa sebōpi sa induction frequency frequency e fapane haholo. Nka sebōpi sa 1 tonne se sebelisoang hangata e le mohlala. Theko ea ‘maraka ka linako tse ling e fapana ka makhetlo a’ maloa, e amanang le sebopeho sa sebōpi, khetho ea likarolo, litaba tsa theknoloji, tšebeletso ea ka mor’a ho rekisa le boleng. Ntho e nang le likarolo tse ngata e bohlokoa.

Lisebelisoa tse fapaneng

Khetla ea sebōpi le joko: Khethong ea khetla ea sebōpi sa khetla ea aluminium, sebōpi se tloaelehileng sa khetla ea aluminium ea tonne e le 1 se na le boima ba khetla ea 400Kg le botenya ba 40mm. Hangata bahlahisi ba bang ba na le boima ba ‘mele le botenya bo sa lekaneng. Karolo ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ea sebōpi sa tšepe ea tšepe ke khetho ea joko. Khetho ea mofuta o tšoanang oa joko ea sebōpi sa tšepe ea tšepe e fapane. Phapang ea theko e kholo haholo. Ka kakaretso, ho lokela ho khethoa lesela le lecha la tšepe la silicon le nang le matla a holimo a batang le Z11. Silicon steel Botenya ba lakane ke 0.3mm, ‘me sebopeho sa contoured se amoheloa. Sebaka se ka hare sa arc le sekhahla se ka ntle sa selikalikoe sa coil induction se tšoana, e le hore joko e ka kopanngoa haufi-ufi le lehlakoreng le ka ntle la coil ea induction, ‘me tekanyo e phahameng ea thibelo e hlahisoa ka ntle,’ me joko e kopane ka mahlakoreng ‘ohle. tšepe poleiti le tšepe e sa hloekang lia tlamisoa, li cheselletsoa le ho tsitsa, ‘me li pholile ka metsi.

(Bahlahisi ba bang ba sebelisa litšila, ha ho na sebopeho, kapa esita le lishiti tsa tšepe tsa silicon tse tlositsoeng ho li-transformer tse sebelisitsoeng ho etsa lijoko,)

Tube ea koporo le mola o ts’oanang: Mokotla oa sebōpi se qhibilihang ke phello ea tube e batang ea koporo ea extrusion le tube e entsoeng ka koporo ea coil ea induction. Ho lokela ho sebelisoa tube ea koporo e batang ea T2 e nang le karolo e kholo ea sefapano. Phekolo ea ho kenella ka holim’a metsi ea tube ea koporo e fafatsoa ka electrostatically ho fihlela insulation ea Class H. Ho sireletsa matla a eona a ho kenya letsoho, theipi ea mica le ribone ea khalase e se nang alkali e phuthetsoe ebe e phuthetsoe holim’a metsi hang, ebe e Sebelisa enamel e sireletsang mongobo. Ho na le lekhalo le itseng pakeng tsa ho phethoha ha khoele. Ha seretse sa refractory se koahetsoe ka sekoahelo, letsopa le refractory le lokela ho kenngoa ka har’a lekhalo ho matlafatsa ho khomarela sekhomaretsi holim’a coil holim’a coil. Ka mor’a hore samente ea refractory e hahoe, bokaholimo bo ka hare bo boreleli ho nolofatsa ho tlosoa ha lesela. Khoeli e sirelelitsoe, ‘me mehele e seng mekae ea tšepe e pholileng ea metsi e kenngoa likarolong tse ka holimo le tse ka tlaase tsa khoele ho eketsa ho tiea ka kakaretso le ho nolofatsa ho qhalana ha mocheso.

(Bahlahisi ba bang ba sebelisa li-tubes tsa koporo kapa tsa T3 tsa koporo, tse nang le motlakase o fokolang ‘me ho bonolo ho robeha le ho lutla.)

SCR: Thyristor e sebelisoang ke bahlahisi ba fapaneng ka kakaretso e na le boleng bo sa lekanang. Boleng ba thyristor bo botle, karabelo e potlakile ‘me tekanyo ea ho hlōleha e tlaase. Ka hona, li-thyristors tsa baetsi ba tsebahalang li khethiloe, ‘me boleng bo ka tšeptjoa ebile bo tsitsitse.

(When selecting, the manufacturer of the electric furnace is required to indicate the manufacturer of the thyristor, and the product certificate of the thyristor manufacturer is presented. The quality control thyristor of H quality is: Xiangfan Taiwan Semiconductor Co., Ltd., Xi’an Institute of Power Electronics, etc. )

Power cabinet: The regular manufacturer uses the standard spray panel cabinet. Not a tin-painted cabinet. And the size specifications of the power cabinet are standard. Inconsistent manufacturers of power cabinets have also shrunk, height, width and thickness are not enough, and even some of the reactors are placed outside the power cabinet. The regular manufacturer’s IF power supply is equipped with a low-voltage switch inside, which does not require the user to configure the voltage switch cabinet. Some non-regular manufacturers do not have a low-voltage switch installed inside the power supply. Invisible increases the user’s cost (good quality low-voltage switches are Huanyu, Chint, Delixi, etc.).

Capacitor : The most important capacitor cabinet for reactive power compensation must be equipped with a sufficient amount. Generally, the compensation value of the capacitor is 18—-20 times the power of the power supply: Capacitance compensation amount (Kvar) = (20— 18) x power supply. And use the capacitors of regular manufacturers.

Reactor : Lintho tse ka sehloohong tsa mochini oa motlakase ke letlapa la tšepe la silicon. Lihlahisoa tse ncha tse hlahisoang ke baetsi ba kamehla li lokela ho sebelisoa, ‘me lishiti tsa tšepe tsa silicon tse sebelisoang hape li ke ke tsa sebelisoa.

Sekoaelo sa pipe ea metsi : Setong se feletseng sa sebōpi se qhibilihisang maqhubu a mahareng, ho na le palo e kholo ea liphaephe tsa metsi tse hokahaneng. Ha e le hantle, li-clamps tsa tšepe li lokela ho sebelisoa. Ho molemo ho sebelisa likhoele tsa koporo. Ho loketse ho kenya le ho qhaqha mafito ntle le tlhokomelo. E loketse ka ho khetheha bakeng sa kopo holim’a likhoele tse pholileng ka metsi, tse loketseng phetiso ea hona joale ‘me ha e bake ho tsoa ha metsi, e leng se sireletsehileng le se ka tšeptjoang.

Ho phaella lintlheng tse ka holimo, ho na le likarolo tse ling tseo u ka khethang ho tsona, tse kang inverter non-inductive capacitors, non-inductive resistors, lithapo tse pholileng ka metsi, mekoallo ea koporo e kopanyang, liphaephe tsa metsi, joalo-joalo, tse tla ama boleng le theko. ea lisebelisoa. Mona ha re hlalose, ke tšepa hore u ka ela hloko ha u khetha ho reka, leka ho hloka hore moetsi oa sebōpi se qhibilihang a fane ka lintlha tsa likarolo tse ka sehloohong le baetsi ba lihlahisoa, a ke ke a hlokomoloha sebopeho le boleng ba thepa ho feta theko.

Kaha sebōpi sa maqhubu a mahareng ke sehlahisoa se sa tloaelehang, se laeloa hore se tsosolosoe, ‘me boleng bo amana haufi-ufi le theko.

4, matla a tekheniki

Baetsi ba kamehla ba tsetetse basebetsi ba bangata le lisebelisoa tsa thepa bakeng sa ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa theknoloji e tsoetseng pele, ka lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele le theknoloji e tsotehang, e bonahatsang likarolo tse fapaneng mabapi le lebelo la ho qhibiliha, tšebeliso ea matla le ho hlōleha ha thepa. Baetsi ba bangata ha ba na maemo a ho laela ka har’a limela, litšenyehelo li tlase ka tlhaho, ‘me phello ea mekhoa ea ho bokella le ho laela boleng e kholo haholo. Bahlahisi ba fapaneng, lits’ebetso tse fapaneng, le litheko tse fapaneng le tsona li hlahisa litšoaneleho tse fapaneng.

5, ka mor’a tšebeletso ea thekiso

Tšebeletso e ntle ka mor’a thekiso ke tiiso ea boleng ba thepa. Ke ntho e ke keng ea qojoa ha lihlahisoa tsa electromechanical li hlōleha. Sena se hloka tšebeletso e ntle ka mor’a thekiso. Baetsi ba kamehla ba na le basebetsi ba lekaneng ba tekheniki le bokhoni ba ho netefatsa tšebeletso ea kamora ho rekisa. The intermediate frequency induction melting sebōpi se na le nako ea tiisetso ea selemo se le seng ka mor’a ho pheta-pheta ho tsitsitseng le ho matla pele ho tloha fekthering. Nakong ena, ho hlōleha hofe kapa hofe ho bakoang ke boikarabelo boo e seng ba motho e tla ba boikarabelo ba moetsi.

Ka bokhuts’oane, k’hamphani ea metheo e lokela ho khetha lisebelisoa tse loketseng boemo ba hajoale ba khoebo ho latela litlhoko tsa ‘nete. Ts’ebetsong ea khetho, moetsi o lokela ho bapisa tlhahiso, tlhophiso, tharollo ea tekheniki, le maikutlo a ts’ebeletso ea kamora thekiso ea lisebelisoa ho khetha lisebelisoa tse khotsofatsang.

Sebōpi sa maqhubu a mahareng se kenyelletsa, transformer, air-opening, harmonic filter, inverter cabinet, cable ea metsi, induction coil, khetla ea sebōpi le tse ling tse joalo. Litlhophiso tse fapaneng lia khoneha bakeng sa tlhahiso ka ‘ngoe. E ka ‘na ea fapana ho itšetlehile ka thepa, foromo le theko. Ho molemo ho buisana ka theko ka thoko. Hajoale, sebōpi sa maqhubu a mahareng se ntse se tsoela pele ho lebisa matla a phahameng le matla a maholo. Sebōpi sa 1 ton intermediate frequency se se se le nyane haholo. Hona joale, ha ho na tse ngata tse ncha, empa theknoloji e hōlile ebile e theko e tlaase.