Yawancin na kowa hanyoyin kashewa a halin yanzu

Hanyoyi na gama-gari na kashewa 1. Hanyar kashewa mai jinkiri

Hanyar quenching galibi ana yin sanyi a cikin iska, ruwan zafi da wanka mai gishiri zuwa zafin jiki da ya fi Ar3 ko Ar1, sannan a yi quenching mai matsakaicin matsakaici. Ana amfani da wannan hanyar quenching akan quenching na sassa masu hadaddun sifofi da sassa tare da manyan bambance-bambancen kauri kuma suna buƙatar ƙananan nakasawa.

Hanyoyi na gama-gari na kashewa 2. Hanyoyin kashe kai da kai

Wannan hanyar quenching galibi tana amfani ne da sassa masu taurin shigar shigar don canja wurin zafin da ba a sanyaya gabaɗaya a cikin ainihin zuwa saman don husata saman. Kayan aikin da ake amfani da su don jure wa tasiri, irin su chisel, naushi, guduma, sarrafa lokacin nutsewar sashin da za a taurare a cikin matsakaici, fitar da sanyaya iska lokacin da launi na ɓangaren da ba a nutse ba ya fara yin baƙar fata, kuma a yi amfani da ragowar zafin rana. na sashin da ba a nutse ba don sake sarrafa sashin da aka nutsar. wuta.

Hanyoyi na gama-gari 3. Hanyar quenching Bainite isothermal

Wannan hanyar quenching galibi shine don kashe kayan aikin zuwa cikin wanka tare da ƙananan zafin jiki na bainite na ƙarfe a matsakaicin zafin jiki, ta yadda ƙaramin bainite ya faru. Gabaɗaya, ana kiyaye shi a cikin wanka don 30 ~ 60min kuma galibi ana amfani dashi don gami da ƙarfe, manyan sassan ƙarfe na ƙananan ƙarfe da simintin ƙarfe na Ductile.

Hanyoyi na gama-gari na kashe wuta 4. Hanyar kashe matsakaici guda ɗaya

Hanyar quenching yafi sanyaya a cikin tanderun wuta quenching matsakaici, kuma zaɓin an yi shi ne bisa ga ƙimar canja wurin zafi, ƙarfin ƙarfi, girman da siffar sassan.

Hanyoyi na gama-gari na kashewa 5. Hanyar quenching sau biyu

Hanyar quenching shine don fara sanya sassan a cikin matsakaici tare da ƙarfin sanyaya mai ƙarfi, sanya su kashe su, guje wa “ƙarashin hanci” na karfe C mai lankwasa kuma sanyi zuwa sama da ma’anar Ms, sa’an nan kuma canja wurin da sauri zuwa matsakaici mai rauni ci gaba da sanyaya. Kafofin watsa labarai masu sanyaya da aka fi amfani da su sune mai-ruwa, ruwa-nitrate, iska-shaka, mai-iska, da dai sauransu, wanda manufarsa ita ce guje wa gurbacewa da tsagewa. Ana amfani da hadaddun siffofi ko manyan workpieces sanya daga high carbon karfe da gami karfe.

Hanyoyi na gama-gari na kashewa 6. Hanyoyi masu kashe haɗe

Wannan hanyar quenching shine don fara kashe kayan aikin zuwa ƙasa Ms don samun martensite tare da juzu’in juzu’i na 10% zuwa 30%, sannan isothermal a cikin ƙananan yankin bainite. Ana amfani da tsarin martensite da bainite sau da yawa a cikin kayan aiki na kayan aiki na kayan aiki na ƙarfe don samun manyan kayan aikin giciye, wanda zai iya guje wa nau’in tashin hankali na farko, rage adadin da aka riƙe austenite da halayen nakasawa da fatattaka.

Hannun quenching na gama gari 7. Pre-sanyi hanyoyin quenching isothermal

Wannan hanyar quenching yafi sanyaya sassa a cikin ƙananan zafin jiki (mafi girma fiye da Ms) wanka da farko, sannan a tura su zuwa wanka mai zafi mai zafi, ta yadda austenite ya sami canjin isothermal, wanda galibi ana amfani dashi don sassa na ƙarfe tare da ƙarancin ƙarfi.

Hanyoyi na gama-gari na kashewa 8. Hannun kashe Martensitic quenching a ƙasan ma’anar Ms

Wannan hanyar quenching galibi don sanya zafin wanka ya yi ƙasa da Ms amma sama da Mf na ƙarfe da aka yi amfani da shi don aikin aikin, za a sanyaya aikin da sauri a cikin wanka, kuma ana iya samun sakamako iri ɗaya kamar quenching ɗin lokacin da girman ya kasance. ya fi girma. Idan aikin ƙarfe mai taurara yana da darajar sa’an nan kuma sanyaya ta ruwa ko mai, ana iya ƙara haɓakar thermal stabilization na austenite, wanda ke da fa’ida ga kwanciyar hankali.

Hanyoyi na gama-gari na kashewa 9. Hannun kashe Martensitic graded

Wannan hanyar quenching galibi shine don inganta ƙarfen da ake amfani da shi don sassan, sannan a nutsar da sassan a cikin wanka tare da zafin jiki kaɗan fiye da ma’aunin Ms na karfe don adana zafi. Lokacin da zafin jiki na ciki da waje na sassan ya yi daidai da zafin wanka, fitar da sanyaya iska, kuma a cikin sanyaya iska, Supercooling Tensite sannu a hankali yana canzawa zuwa martensite. Ana yawan amfani da baho na Nitrate a cikin baho na thermal, kuma zafinsu shine Ms+(10 ~ 20)ºC. Small workpieces tare da hadaddun siffofi da tsananin nakasawa bukatun, high-gudun karfe da high-alloy karfe kayayyakin aiki da kuma mutu sau da yawa wannan hanya.