Indlela yokukhetha i-refractory i-lining yezitena kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zesithando somlilo

Isithando somlilo ngoku sesona sixhobo sokunyibilikisa. Ineempawu zentlalontle yoluntu elula kunye nomthamo omkhulu wemveliso. I-refractory brick lining idlala indima engenakucimeka kwisithando somlilo, kodwa isitena esichasayo sodonga lwesithando somlilo sichatshazelwa yimiba emininzi ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa. Iyakhukuliseka ngokuthe ngcembe. Ngoko ke, ukwenzela ukwandisa ubomi benkonzo yesithando somlilo, kuyimfuneko ukuthenga iileyili zezitena eziphikisayo ngokufanelekileyo. Indlela yokukhetha iileyile zezitena eziphikisayo kwicandelo ngalinye yile:

(1) Iziko lomlilo. Ikakhulu ithwele impembelelo kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwentlawulo yomntu, ngokuqhelekileyo izitena zetsimbi okanye izitena zetsimbi ezipholileyo zisetyenziswa.

(2) Indawo ephezulu yeziko. Le nxalenye yindawo apho i-carbon evolution reaction 2CO2-CO + C ithanda ukwenzeka, kunye nokukhukuliseka kweentsimbi zealkali kunye nomphunga we-zinc nako kwenzeka kule ndawo. Ukongezelela, ukuguguleka kunye nokugqoka kwentlawulo yokuwa kunye nokunyuka kwegesi yokunyuka Ngoko ke, izinto eziphikisayo ezinokumelana neekhemikhali ezifanelekileyo kunye nokuxhatshazwa kokugqoka kufuneka kukhethwe. Eyona nto ifanelekileyo zizitena zomhlaba ezixineneyo eziphakamileyo, izitena ze-alumina zenqanaba lesithathu okanye izitena zodongwe ezifakwe kwi-phosphoric acid. Iziko zangoku ezinkulu zokuqhushumba zisebenzisa iindonga ezibhityileyo. Kwisakhiwo, i-1 ~ 3 amacandelo e-reverse buckle yokupholisa i-stave isoloko isetyenziselwa ukubuyisela umgca wezitena.

(3) Amalungu aphakathi kunye nasezantsi omzimba wesithando somlilo kunye nesinqe sesithando somlilo. Eyona ndlela iphambili yomonakalo kukutshatyalaliswa kwe-thermal shock, ukukhukuliseka kwegesi ephezulu, iimpembelelo zesinyithi ze-alkali, i-zinc kunye ne-carbon evolution, kunye nokukhukuliseka kweekhemikhali ze-slag yokuqala. Umgca wezitena kufuneka ukhethwe ukuxhathisa ukothuka kwe-thermal kunye nokuchasana Ukutshatyalaliswa kokuqala kwe-slag kunye nezinto ezichasene ne-anti-scouring refractory. Ngoku iziko elikhulu eliqhumayo ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe likhetha ukusebenza kakuhle kodwa izitena zesilicon carbide ezibizayo (i-silicon nitride bonding, i-self bonding, i-Sialon bonding) ukufezekisa ubomi obungaphezulu kweminyaka eyi-8. Ukuziqhelanisa kuye kwafakazela ukuba, Kungakhathaliseki ukuba i-refractory ilungile kangakanani, iya kuchithwa, kwaye iya kuzinza xa ifikelela kwi-equilibrium (malunga nesiqingatha sobukhulu bokuqala). Eli xesha limalunga neminyaka emi-3. Enyanisweni, ukusetyenziswa kwezitena ze-aluminium ezitshisiweyo zekhabhoni kunye nokusebenza kakuhle (ixabiso lincinci) Uninzi), le njongo nayo inokufezekiswa. Ngoko ke, izitena ze-aluminium-carbon zingasetyenziselwa kwii-furnaces eziqhumayo ze-1000m3 nangaphantsi.

(4) Iziko. Esona sizathu somonakalo kukukhukuliseka kwegesi ephezulu yobushushu kunye nokukhukuliseka kwentsimbi ye-slag. Ukuhamba kobushushu kule nxalenye kunamandla kakhulu, kwaye nayiphi na into ephikisayo ayikwazi ukumelana nezinto ixesha elide. Ubomi bezinto ezichasayo kule nxalenye abukho ixesha elide (iinyanga ezi-1 ~ 2 ezinde, iiveki ezi-2 ~ 3 ezimfutshane), ngokuqhelekileyo sebenzisa izixhobo eziphikisayo kunye ne-refractoriness ephezulu, ubushushu obuphezulu bokunciphisa umthwalo kunye nobuninzi bomthamo ophezulu, njengezitena eziphezulu ze-alumina, i-aluminium. izitena zekhabhoni, njl.

(5) Indawo ye-Hearth tuyere. Le ndawo kuphela kwendawo kwisithando somlilo apho ukusabela kwe-oxidation kwenzeka. Ubushushu obuphezulu bunokufikelela kwi-1900 ~ 2400 ℃. Umgca wezitena wonakaliswa luxinzelelo lwe-thermal olubangelwa ukushisa okuphezulu, kunye nokukhukuliseka kwegesi ephezulu kunye nokukhukuliseka kwentsimbi ye-slag. Ukhukuliseko lwesinyithi lwealkali, ukukhuhla kwecoke ejikelezayo, njl njl. Ibhloko yekhabhoni ecinezelweyo eshushu.

(6) Indawo esezantsi yeziko kunye nomzantsi weziko. Kwiindawo apho i-lining of the furnace iqhuma kakhulu, i-degree of corrosion isoloko isisiseko sokumisela ubomi besizukulwana sokuqala somlilo. Ngenxa yokunqongophala kokupholisa kwindawo ephantsi yesithando somlilo, uninzi lwezixhobo ze-ceramic refractory zasetyenziswa, ngoko ke uxinzelelo lwe-thermal Ukuqhekeka kwi-masonry, ukungena kwentsimbi etyhidiweyo kumthungo kunye nokudada kwizitena ezisezantsi zomlilo zezona zizathu zomonakalo. . Ngoku isakhiwo esisezantsi sesithando somlilo (indebe ye-ceramic, i-staggered biting, njl. njl.) kunye nokupholisa, kunye nekhwalithi ephezulu ye-brown corundum, izitena ze-gray corundum kunye Ukusetyenziswa kwe-carbonaceous micropores kunye nezitena ezishushu ezicinezelweyo zandisa kakhulu ubomi besithando somlilo. emazantsi. Nangona kunjalo, ukungena kunye nokuchithwa kwesinyithi esinyibilikisiweyo kwizitena zekhabhoni, ukuhlaselwa kweekhemikhali zesinyithi se-alkali kwizitena zekhabhoni, kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwezitena zekhabhoni ngoxinzelelo lwe-thermal, i-CO2 kunye ne-H2O I-oxidation yezitena zekhabhoni iseyinto ebalulekileyo esongela ubomi emazantsi eziko kunye neziko.