Uhlobo olutsha lokuvuthela i-argon kunye nezitena ezinokuphefumla kunceda isithando somlilo sisuse ukubandakanywa

Okwangoku, uninzi lwenkqubo yokuvelisa ukuphosa kumatshini wokubilisa ungenisa indlela yokuxolelwa, engenamsebenzi wokucokisa kwaye engenakususa izinto ezahlukeneyo ezifakwe kwinkqubo yoxolelwaniso. Umgangatho wentsimbi etyhidiweyo awunakuqinisekiswa, ukhokelela kwisivuno esiphantsi kunye nakwinqanaba eliphantsi. Ungawunciphisa njani umxholo wokufakwa okungafaniyo okuveliswe kwinkqubo yokuxilwa kweentsimbi ezingenasici ngokusebenza okuphezulu kunye neendleko eziphantsi kuye kwaba ngumcimbi ongxamisekileyo kumashishini asebenzisa iifanishi zokungenisa ukuvelisa ukuphosa.

Izitena ezivuthelayo kunye nokuphefumla izitena ezisetyenziselwa ukunyibilikisa iziko kunokunciphisa umxholo wokufakwa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo kwinkqubo yokunyibilikisa iziko ngeendleko eziphantsi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, ukuphucula inqanaba lokuphosa, kunye nokwenza ukuba abavelisi baphose bafumane izibonelelo ezilungileyo zoqoqosho. I-Argon ukuvuthela ukucoca kunokufezekisa injongo ye-degassing, decarburizing kunye nokususa i-oxide inclusions kwisinyithi esityhidiweyo. Eyona nto inentsingiselo, ukuvuthela iargon kwi-chromium-equlathe intsimbi etyhidiweyo ayizukutshintsha umxholo we-chromium yentsimbi etyhidiweyo ngelixa isenza decarburizing.

Ukufakwa kwezitena eziphefumlayo. Ukufakwa kwesitena esiphefumlayo kwiziko lokungeniswa kulula kakhulu. Akukho sidingo sokwenza utshintsho olukhulu kwiziko lesithando somlilo. Kuphela ngumngxunya wesetyhula onobubanzi obuyi-40 mm ukuya kuma-60 mm obhobhoziweyo kwibhodi ye-asbestos okanye kwibhlokhi esele ikho emazantsi eziko ukukhokela isitena esinokuphefumla. Umbhobho ovuthela umbhobho we-argon unokuxhotyiswa nge-argon yoshishino lwebhotile njengomthombo we-argon. Inkqubo yokwakha iziko lesithando somlilo kunye nezitena ezinokungena emoyeni ziyafana neziko eliqhelekileyo lokungeniswa.

Ukusetyenziswa kwezitena eziqhelekileyo ezinokuphefumla izitena kumatshini wokubumba. Izitena zomoya ezivumayo zomoya orenji ziya kuvuza emva kokuba zisetyenziselwe amaxesha ali-10-15 kwiziko lokungeniswa elingama-750 kg. Emva kokuqhaqha iziko, jonga imeko yezitena ezinomoya. Ukuvuza komoya ikakhulu kugxile kwindawo ye-welding phakathi kwepleyiti yomoya yezitena kunye nephepha lesinyithi, kwaye inani elincinci lenzeka kwisitya esisezantsi sezitena kunye nombhobho wentsimbi. Ngokutsho kohlalutyo, izitena eziqhelekileyo zokufaka izitena zisebenzisa isinyithi kunye nekhabhoni yentsimbi ezantsi ukwenza igumbi lomoya. Xa isitena somoya sisebenza kwiziko lokungeniswa, iphepha lesinyithi kunye nekhabhoni yentsimbi yangaphantsi isikwe ngemigca yamagnetic kwaye emva koko ishushu ngokufakwa. Iqondo lobushushu linokufikelela malunga ne-800 degrees Celsius. Kupholile kubushushu begumbi xa ucofa. Emva kokuphinda-phinda ukuya kumaqondo aphezulu obushushu kunye nokupholisa, iqondo eliphezulu le-oxidation kunye noxinzelelo koxinzelelo kuya kubangela ukuba kuqhekeke kwaye kuvuze umoya kwii-welds zezitena zomoya. Kwangelo xesha, ubukhulu bephepha lesinyithi yi-1 mm ukuya kwi-2 mm kuphela, ngenxa yoko kunokwenzeka ukuba uqhekeze i-weld phakathi kwesiseko seplati yentsimbi kunye nephepha lesinyithi. Ngokusekwe kwiziphumo zesicelo ezingentla kunye nohlalutyo lwezizathu, kukholelwa ukuba ubomi benkonzo yezitena eziqhelekileyo ezinokungena emoyeni kwiziko lokungeniswa kunzima ukuhambelana nobomi benkonzo yesithando somlilo, kwaye kufuneka ziphuculwe.

Ukusetyenziswa kohlobo olutsha lwezitena ezinokungena-moya kwisitovu sokungenisa. Ngokweziphumo zokusebenzisa izitena eziqhelekileyo ezinamanzi avumelekile kwizitena zomoya, uhlobo olutsha lwezitena ezinokungena emoyeni luphuhliswe ngempumelelo. Olu hlobo lutsha lwezitena ezinokungena emoyeni lishiya umbono wokuyilwa kwezitena eziqhelekileyo ezingena ngaphakathi zisebenzisa izinto zesinyithi ukwenza amagumbi omoya kunye nemibhobho yokuhambisa umoya, kwaye zisebenzisa izinto ezingezizo ezesinyithi ukwenza amagumbi omoya nemibhobho yodongwe njengemibhobho yokuhambisa umoya. . Izitena ezitsha eziphefumla umoya ziphantsi kovavanyo lokuvutha ezantsi kwi-250 kg, i-500 kg kunye ne-750 kg yamandla okufakwa okuphakathi ngokulandelelana. Ukusebenza kwayo kunokuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zokunyibilikisa amaziko aphakathi okungenisa, kwaye ubomi abuyi kuba yinto ethintelayo kubomi bebonke kwiziko lokungeniswa. Kwangelo xesha, ngexesha lovavanyo, kwafunyaniswa ukuba emva kokusetyenziswa kwamanyathelo okuvuthela asezantsi, ngenxa yempembelelo yokuhamba komoya, nokuba yayikukugungqa ubushushu beziko okanye i-crucible, indawo ephezulu yeziko yayonakaliswe ngokukhawuleza , Oku kukhokelela ekunciphiseni kobomi besikhumba somlilo. Kwangelo xesha, ingxelo yovavanyo ikwabonakalise ukuba umxholo we-incherlion inclusions ezenziwe ngentsimbi etyhidiweyo yayingaphantsi komgangatho wokubumba, kwaye umxholo we-spherical oxide inclusions wafikelela kumgangatho we-0.5A. Esi siphumo sibonisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo yokuvuthelwa kwe-argon ngezitena ezinokuphefumla kwiziko eliphakathi lokungenisa iziko kunokuphucula umgangatho wezinyithi ezincibilikiweyo kwaye ekugqibeleni liphucule inqanaba lokuphosa.