Njerwa ya Magnesia Chrome

Njerwa za Magnesia chrome zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m’mafakitale ndi zomangamanga chifukwa cha zida zawo zapamwamba monga kutentha kwa kutentha ndi kukakamiza. Palinso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya njerwa za magnesia chrome. Malinga ndi zofunikira za zinthu zosiyanasiyana, pali mitundu itatu makamaka ya njerwa za magnesia chrome. mtundu:

1. Njerwa zowotchedwa magnesia chrome njerwa: njerwa za magnesia chrome zopangidwa ndizopangidwa ndi zopangira zabwino za magnesia apamwamba ndi ore chrome. Zomwe zili mu Cr2O3 zimasinthidwa malinga ndi zosowa zosiyanasiyana. Mankhwala ali wabwino matenthedwe bata ndi kutentha ntchito. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakina a simenti komanso pazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Ng’anjo ndi zina zotero.

2. Njerwa za magnesia-chrome zophatikizidwa mwachindunji: Njerwa za magnesia-chrome zophatikizika zimagwiritsa ntchito miyala yoyera yopanda chodetsa komanso magnesia apamwamba kwambiri ngati zopangira, atawumba kwambiri, ndikuwombera kotentha kwambiri pamwamba pa 1 700 ℃. Ntchito yabwino yotentha, kukana kwamphamvu kukokoloka kwa slag. Kulimbana ndi kukokoloka kwa simenti kanyumba. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu ng’anjo zosapanga dzimbiri zazitsulo komanso ma simenti oyenda simenti.

3. Njerwa za magnesia chrome zopangidwa ndi theka komanso njerwa za magnesia chrome: njerwa za magnesia chrome zophatikizidwanso ndi njerwa za magnesia chrome, pogwiritsa ntchito gawo limodzi kapena mchenga wosakanikirana (mchenga wosakanikirana) ngati zopangira, zopangira zabwino, kuthamanga kwambiri, Ultra -Kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri, kulumikizana kwabwino kwa tinthu, mphamvu yayikulu yamagetsi, kukhazikika kwama voliyumu, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu RH, VOD, AOD ndi zida zina zakunja zakunja, maofesi osakhala achitsulo, ndi zina zambiri.

4. Magnesia chrome njerwa ndi zinthu zamchere zamchere zokhala ndi 55% mpaka 80% MgO ndi 8% mpaka 20% Cr2O3, wopangidwa ndi periclase, spinel wopanga komanso gawo lochepa la silicate. Spelel wophatikizika umaphatikizapo MgAl2O4, MgFe2O4, MgCr2O4 ndi FeAl2O4 mayankho olimba a spinel.

Njerwa za Magnesia chrome zakula mwachangu pambuyo pa ma 1960 chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kuyeretsa kwazida zopangira komanso kutentha. Pakadali pano, njerwa za magnesia chrome zitha kugawidwa mu njerwa wamba, njerwa zolunjika, njerwa zophatikizika, njerwa zophatikizidwanso ndi njerwa za Cast, ndi zina zambiri.

(1) Wamba wa magnesia chrome njerwa: Ichi ndi chikhalidwe, kugwiritsa ntchito chrome ore ngati tinthu tating’onoting’ono ndi magnesia ngati ufa wosalala. Kapena zida ziwirizi zimapangidwa ndi tinthu tating’onoting’ono, ndipo kutentha komwe kumawombera nthawi zambiri kumakhala 1550 ~ 1600 ° C. Ma microstructure a njerwa iyi akuwonetsa kuti kulumikizana pang’ono pakati pa ma chromite particles ndi periclase, makamaka silicate (CMS) simenti kapena kudzipatula; pali magawo ochepa owonongera mu periclase, ndipo kulumikizana kwakanthawi kochepa pamatrix. Kuphatikizana, njerwa iyi imakhala ndi makina osauka komanso kukana kutentha kwa slag.

(2) Njerwa za magnesia-chrome zolumikizidwa molunjika: Njerwa za magnesia-chrome zomangidwa molunjika zimapangidwa pamaziko a njerwa wamba za magnesia-chrome. Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu yopanga. Imodzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito zopangira zoyera, ndipo inayo ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuwombera kwapamwamba. kutentha. Zomwe zimatchedwa kulumikizana mwachindunji zimatanthauza kuti pali kulumikizana kwachindunji pakati pa tinthu tating’onoting’ono ta chrome mu njerwa ndi periclase, chifukwa zopangidwazo zili ndi SiO2 yocheperako (yolamulidwa pansipa 1% mpaka 25%), ndipo kuchuluka kwa silicate komwe kumapangidwa ndikochepa . Njira yowombera imafinya ma silicate m’makona a tinthu tolimba. Potero kukonza mgwirizano wolunjika wa gawo lolimba.

Njerwa za magnesia-chrome zolumikizidwa mwachindunji zimakhala zolimba kwambiri, kotero kuti njerwa zimakhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu, kukana kwa slag, kukana dzimbiri, kukana kukokoloka, kukana dzimbiri, kukhazikika kwamphamvu kwamatenthedwe komanso kukhazikika kwama voliyumu ku 1800 ° C.

(3) Co-sintered magnesia-chrome njerwa: Ntchito yopanga izi imadziwika ndi kutentha kwanyengo kotentha kwa magnesia ndi chromium ore ufa wosalala mu gawo lina kuti mukwaniritse mbadwo wa spinel wachiwiri ndi magnesia-chrome o Cholimba gawo gawo lothandizira kuti likhale lolumikizana mwachindunji kuti likonzekeretse zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zotulutsa mankhwala kapena mankhwala ogwirizana.

Kulumikizana kwachindunji ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa microstructure wa njerwa zopangidwa ndi magnesia-chrome ndizabwino kuposa njerwa zomangidwa molunjika. Kuchuluka kwa gawo la periclase desolubilization ndi ma spiranular secondary spinel ndizambiri. Njerwa za co-sintered magnesia-chrome zimakhala ndi njira zowongoka bwino Kuphatikiza ndi magwiridwe antchito a njerwa, imadziwika kwambiri makamaka chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri, kutentha kwakanthawi komanso kukana kwa slag. Njerwa wamba sintered amathanso kugawidwa m’magulu awiri, imodzi ndi njerwa yodziwika bwino yonse, zida zonse zodziwika bwino za tinthu tating’onoting’ono ndi ufa wosalala, kaya zipsereke kapena kuphatikizira mankhwala, ma microstructure ake amafanana; chachiwiri chimakhala chofala Kwa njerwa zadothi, pali gawo la zosakaniza, monga zinthu wamba zokometsera tinthu tating’onoting’ono tating’onoting’ono, ndipo gawo la ufa wosalala limatha kusakanizidwa ndi njerwa mofanana ndi miyala ya chrome yoyera ndi pepala la magnesia , kotero kuti zopangidwa ndi mankhwala ophatikizidwa ndi mankhwala azikhala zazing’ono kapangidwe kake ndi kosiyana.

(4) Kukumbiranso njerwa za magnesia-chromium: ufa wosakanikirana wa magnesia-chromium umasungunuka ndi njira yamagetsi yosungunuka, ndipo kusungunuka kumalumikizidwa ndikupanga microstructure yofanana, yokhala ndi magnesia-chromium spinel ndi periclase makhiristo osakanikirana monga gawo lalikulu Zinthu zosakanizika za magnesia-chromium zimaphwanyidwa kukhala tinthu ting’onoting’ono, tosakanizika ndikuwumbidwa, kenako ndikuwombera kuti tikonzenso njerwa, kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji ngati njerwa zolimbitsa thupi.

Microstructure ya njerwa yophatikizika imadziwika ndi kulumikizana kwachindunji komanso kuchuluka kwa magawo a spinel desolvent gawo: kristalo wam’munsi wokhala ndi magawo ambiri owonongeka amasintha thupi ndi mankhwala a periclase, monga kuchepetsa kukhathamira kwamatenthedwe koyefishienti. , Sinthani matenthedwe kukana, kusintha kukana kwa asidi-alkaline slag kukokoloka. Njerwa zophatikizika zili ndi zinthu zofananira ndi njerwa zosanjidwa, koma zimatha kulimbana ndi kusintha kwakanthawi kotentha komanso mayunifolomu ofanana kwambiri kuposa njerwa zosakanizidwa.

Kuphatikizidwa ndi njerwa ya magnesia chrome, ndi matrix oyenda bwino omwe amagawidwa pore yunifolomu ndi ma microcracks, ndipo kuzindikira kwake pakusintha kwadzidzidzi ndikwabwino kuposa kusungunuka ndi kuponyera. Ntchito yotentha kwambiri pamalonda ili pakati pa njerwa zosakanizidwa ndi njerwa yolunjika.

(5) Fused and cast magnesia chrome bricks: Ikani chisakanizo cha magnesia ndi chrome ore mu ng’anjo yamagetsi kuti isungunuke kwathunthu, kenako kutsanulira kusungunuka mu nkhungu yopangira. Pakulimbitsa, magawo a periclase okhazikika ndi spinel crystal amapangidwa, ndipo mawonekedwe abwino a kristalo amapangidwa nthawi yomweyo, kotero njerwa ya magnesia chrome imakhala ndi kutentha kwambiri kwamphamvu komanso kukana kutentha kwa slag.

Njerwa za Magnesium chrome zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani azitsulo, monga kumanga nsonga zotseguka za ng’anjo, zida zamagetsi zamagetsi, ng’anjo zowotchera m’ng’anjo ndi ziwaya zingapo zosapanga dzimbiri. Gawo lotentha kwambiri pakhoma lamphamvu kwambiri lamphamvu yamagetsi limapangidwa ndi njerwa zosakanikirana za magnesia-chrome, malo okokoloka kwambiri a ng’anjo yoyenga kunja kwa ng’anjo amapangidwa ndi zinthu zopangira, ndipo -malo osanjikizira owotchera zitsulo amapangidwa ndi njerwa zopangidwa ndi magnesia-chrome. Zapangidwa ndi njerwa za magnesia chrome. Kuphatikiza apo, njerwa za magnesia-chrome zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito m’malo oyaka simenti oyatsira ndi opangira magetsi a magalasi.

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Njerwa ya Magnesia Chrome

Njerwa za Magnesia chrome zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m’mafakitale ndi zomangamanga chifukwa cha zida zawo zapamwamba monga kutentha kwa kutentha ndi kukakamiza. Palinso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya njerwa za magnesia chrome. Malinga ndi zofunikira za zinthu zosiyanasiyana, pali mitundu itatu makamaka ya njerwa za magnesia chrome. mtundu:

1. Njerwa zowotchedwa magnesia chrome njerwa: njerwa za magnesia chrome zopangidwa ndizopangidwa ndi zopangira zabwino za magnesia apamwamba ndi ore chrome. Zomwe zili mu Cr2O3 zimasinthidwa malinga ndi zosowa zosiyanasiyana. Mankhwala ali wabwino matenthedwe bata ndi kutentha ntchito. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mumakina a simenti komanso pazitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri. Ng’anjo ndi zina zotero.

2. Njerwa za magnesia-chrome zophatikizidwa mwachindunji: Njerwa za magnesia-chrome zophatikizika zimagwiritsa ntchito miyala yoyera yopanda chodetsa komanso magnesia apamwamba kwambiri ngati zopangira, atawumba kwambiri, ndikuwombera kotentha kwambiri pamwamba pa 1 700 ℃. Ntchito yabwino yotentha, kukana kwamphamvu kukokoloka kwa slag. Kulimbana ndi kukokoloka kwa simenti kanyumba. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu ng’anjo zosapanga dzimbiri zazitsulo komanso ma simenti oyenda simenti.

3. Njerwa za magnesia chrome zopangidwa ndi theka komanso njerwa za magnesia chrome: njerwa za magnesia chrome zophatikizidwanso ndi njerwa za magnesia chrome, pogwiritsa ntchito gawo limodzi kapena mchenga wosakanikirana (mchenga wosakanikirana) ngati zopangira, zopangira zabwino, kuthamanga kwambiri, Ultra -Kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri, kulumikizana kwabwino kwa tinthu, mphamvu yayikulu yamagetsi, kukhazikika kwama voliyumu, omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu RH, VOD, AOD ndi zida zina zakunja zakunja, maofesi osakhala achitsulo, ndi zina zambiri.

4. Magnesia chrome njerwa ndi zinthu zamchere zamchere zokhala ndi 55% mpaka 80% MgO ndi 8% mpaka 20% Cr2O3, wopangidwa ndi periclase, spinel wopanga komanso gawo lochepa la silicate. Spelel wophatikizika umaphatikizapo MgAl2O4, MgFe2O4, MgCr2O4 ndi FeAl2O4 mayankho olimba a spinel.

Njerwa za Magnesia chrome zakula mwachangu pambuyo pa ma 1960 chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa kuyeretsa kwazida zopangira komanso kutentha. Pakadali pano, njerwa za magnesia chrome zitha kugawidwa mu njerwa wamba, njerwa zolunjika, njerwa zophatikizika, njerwa zophatikizidwanso ndi njerwa za Cast, ndi zina zambiri.

(1) Wamba wa magnesia chrome njerwa: Ichi ndi chikhalidwe, kugwiritsa ntchito chrome ore ngati tinthu tating’onoting’ono ndi magnesia ngati ufa wosalala. Kapena zida ziwirizi zimapangidwa ndi tinthu tating’onoting’ono, ndipo kutentha komwe kumawombera nthawi zambiri kumakhala 1550 ~ 1600 ° C. Ma microstructure a njerwa iyi akuwonetsa kuti kulumikizana pang’ono pakati pa ma chromite particles ndi periclase, makamaka silicate (CMS) simenti kapena kudzipatula; pali magawo ochepa owonongera mu periclase, ndipo kulumikizana kwakanthawi kochepa pamatrix. Kuphatikizana, njerwa iyi imakhala ndi makina osauka komanso kukana kutentha kwa slag.

(2) Njerwa za magnesia-chrome zolumikizidwa molunjika: Njerwa za magnesia-chrome zomangidwa molunjika zimapangidwa pamaziko a njerwa wamba za magnesia-chrome. Pali mitundu iwiri yayikulu yopanga. Imodzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito zopangira zoyera, ndipo inayo ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuwombera kwapamwamba. kutentha. Zomwe zimatchedwa kulumikizana mwachindunji zimatanthauza kuti pali kulumikizana kwachindunji pakati pa tinthu tating’onoting’ono ta chrome mu njerwa ndi periclase, chifukwa zopangidwazo zili ndi SiO2 yocheperako (yolamulidwa pansipa 1% mpaka 25%), ndipo kuchuluka kwa silicate komwe kumapangidwa ndikochepa . Njira yowombera imafinya ma silicate m’makona a tinthu tolimba. Potero kukonza mgwirizano wolunjika wa gawo lolimba.

Njerwa za magnesia-chrome zolumikizidwa mwachindunji zimakhala zolimba kwambiri, kotero kuti njerwa zimakhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu, kukana kwa slag, kukana dzimbiri, kukana kukokoloka, kukana dzimbiri, kukhazikika kwamphamvu kwamatenthedwe komanso kukhazikika kwama voliyumu ku 1800 ° C.

(3) Co-sintered magnesia-chrome njerwa: Ntchito yopanga izi imadziwika ndi kutentha kwanyengo kotentha kwa magnesia ndi chromium ore ufa wosalala mu gawo lina kuti mukwaniritse mbadwo wa spinel wachiwiri ndi magnesia-chrome o Cholimba gawo gawo lothandizira kuti likhale lolumikizana mwachindunji kuti likonzekeretse zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zinthu, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zida zotulutsa mankhwala kapena mankhwala ogwirizana.

Kulumikizana kwachindunji ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa microstructure wa njerwa zopangidwa ndi magnesia-chrome ndizabwino kuposa njerwa zomangidwa molunjika. Kuchuluka kwa gawo la periclase desolubilization ndi ma spiranular secondary spinel ndizambiri. Njerwa za co-sintered magnesia-chrome zimakhala ndi njira zowongoka bwino Kuphatikiza ndi magwiridwe antchito a njerwa, imadziwika kwambiri makamaka chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri, kutentha kwakanthawi komanso kukana kwa slag. Njerwa wamba sintered amathanso kugawidwa m’magulu awiri, imodzi ndi njerwa yodziwika bwino yonse, zida zonse zodziwika bwino za tinthu tating’onoting’ono ndi ufa wosalala, kaya zipsereke kapena kuphatikizira mankhwala, ma microstructure ake amafanana; chachiwiri chimakhala chofala Kwa njerwa zadothi, pali gawo la zosakaniza, monga zinthu wamba zokometsera tinthu tating’onoting’ono tating’onoting’ono, ndipo gawo la ufa wosalala limatha kusakanizidwa ndi njerwa mofanana ndi miyala ya chrome yoyera ndi pepala la magnesia , kotero kuti zopangidwa ndi mankhwala ophatikizidwa ndi mankhwala azikhala zazing’ono kapangidwe kake ndi kosiyana.

(4) Kukumbiranso njerwa za magnesia-chromium: ufa wosakanikirana wa magnesia-chromium umasungunuka ndi njira yamagetsi yosungunuka, ndipo kusungunuka kumalumikizidwa ndikupanga microstructure yofanana, yokhala ndi magnesia-chromium spinel ndi periclase makhiristo osakanikirana monga gawo lalikulu Zinthu zosakanizika za magnesia-chromium zimaphwanyidwa kukhala tinthu ting’onoting’ono, tosakanizika ndikuwumbidwa, kenako ndikuwombera kuti tikonzenso njerwa, kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito mwachindunji ngati njerwa zolimbitsa thupi.

Microstructure ya njerwa yophatikizika imadziwika ndi kulumikizana kwachindunji komanso kuchuluka kwa magawo a spinel desolvent gawo: kristalo wam’munsi wokhala ndi magawo ambiri owonongeka amasintha thupi ndi mankhwala a periclase, monga kuchepetsa kukhathamira kwamatenthedwe koyefishienti. , Sinthani matenthedwe kukana, kusintha kukana kwa asidi-alkaline slag kukokoloka. Njerwa zophatikizika zili ndi zinthu zofananira ndi njerwa zosanjidwa, koma zimatha kulimbana ndi kusintha kwakanthawi kotentha komanso mayunifolomu ofanana kwambiri kuposa njerwa zosakanizidwa.

Kuphatikizidwa ndi njerwa ya magnesia chrome, ndi matrix oyenda bwino omwe amagawidwa pore yunifolomu ndi ma microcracks, ndipo kuzindikira kwake pakusintha kwadzidzidzi ndikwabwino kuposa kusungunuka ndi kuponyera. Ntchito yotentha kwambiri pamalonda ili pakati pa njerwa zosakanizidwa ndi njerwa yolunjika.

(5) Fused and cast magnesia chrome bricks: Ikani chisakanizo cha magnesia ndi chrome ore mu ng’anjo yamagetsi kuti isungunuke kwathunthu, kenako kutsanulira kusungunuka mu nkhungu yopangira. Pakulimbitsa, magawo a periclase okhazikika ndi spinel crystal amapangidwa, ndipo mawonekedwe abwino a kristalo amapangidwa nthawi yomweyo, kotero njerwa ya magnesia chrome imakhala ndi kutentha kwambiri kwamphamvu komanso kukana kutentha kwa slag.

Njerwa za Magnesium chrome zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamakampani azitsulo, monga kumanga nsonga zotseguka za ng’anjo, zida zamagetsi zamagetsi, ng’anjo zowotchera m’ng’anjo ndi ziwaya zingapo zosapanga dzimbiri. Gawo lotentha kwambiri pakhoma lamphamvu kwambiri lamphamvu yamagetsi limapangidwa ndi njerwa zosakanikirana za magnesia-chrome, malo okokoloka kwambiri a ng’anjo yoyenga kunja kwa ng’anjo amapangidwa ndi zinthu zopangira, ndipo -malo osanjikizira owotchera zitsulo amapangidwa ndi njerwa zopangidwa ndi magnesia-chrome. Zapangidwa ndi njerwa za magnesia chrome. Kuphatikiza apo, njerwa za magnesia-chrome zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito m’malo oyaka simenti oyatsira ndi opangira magetsi a magalasi.

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