Yiziphi izidingo zensimbi ekushiseni kwesithando sokucima umlilo?

Insimbi yokucisha isithando sokushisa sangaphakathi imvamisa inezidingo ezilandelayo:

1) Okuqukethwe yikhabhoni yensimbi kunqunywa izimo zokusebenza kwezingxenye, futhi i-w (C) ingaba yi-0.15% kuye ku-1.2%, okuyisidingo esiyisisekelo kakhulu.

2) Insimbi kufanele ibe nokuthambekela kwezinhlamvu ze-austenite okungelula ukuthi zikhule, futhi kufanele kukhethwe insimbi enesilinganiso esihle.

I-3) Insimbi kufanele ibe nesakhiwo esihle futhi esihlakazekile sokuqala ngangokunokwenzeka. Lokhu okungenhla, 2) no-3) izimo ezimbili zinika insimbi amandla okuthola izinhlamvu ezinhle ze-austenite kanye nezinga lokushisa lokukhula okusanhlamvu okuphezulu ngesikhathi sokushisa. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ngesikhathi sokushisa kwe-induction, ngoba ukufudumeza kokungeniswa kuphakeme kunokushisa okushisa esithandweni somlilo. , Kunzima kakhulu ukulawula ngokunembile ukucaciswa kokushisa. Njengamanje, jikelele isithando sokushisa sangaphakathi ukuqeda insimbi, usayizi wokusanhlamvu ulawulwa ku-5 kuye ku-8.

Induction Ukushisa isithando somlilo kunezidingo zokwelashwa kokuqala kwensimbi. Lapho ukwelashwa kokushisa kokuqala kucishiwe futhi kufutheliswa into efanayo yensimbi, ngoba i-sorbite iyisakhiwo esihle kakhulu, ukuguqulwa kwe-austenite kushesha kakhulu, futhi izinga lokushisa elidingekayo yilona eliphansi kunawo wonke, okuholela ebunzimeni obutholwe Okuphakeme kakhulu, ukujula okujule kakhulu ungqimba oluqinile lungatholakala. Lapho ukwelashwa kokuqala kokushisa kujwayelekile, ukuguqulwa kwe-pearlite enhle ye-flake ibe yi-austenite kudinga izinga lokushisa eliphakeme; lapho isakhiwo sokuqala siyi-flake pearlite eshisayo ne-ferrite ngobuningi (isimo se-annealing yensimbi ye-hypoeutectoid), khona-ke kudingeka izinga lokushisa eliphakeme lokushisa. Noma kunjalo, ngenxa yesikhathi esifushane sokushisa, kusazobakhona i-ferrite engachithwanga esakhiweni esivaliwe. Lapho ucima esithandweni sokushisa sokungeniswa, ukuqina kwensimbi kusadlala indima. Ngokufanayo, lapho ungqimba lokushisa lujulile, ukwakheka kahle kokubi, kubanzima ukuqina, nezinto ezihlanganisa insimbi, njenge-Mn (manganese), i-Cr (chromium), i-Ni (i-nickel), i-Mo (i-molybdenum), njll. babe nethonya elithile ekuqineni kwensimbi.

4) Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni okukhethiwe. Kwezinye izingxenye ezibalulekile ezinjenge-crankshafts, i-camshafts, njll., Lapho ukhetha amabanga wensimbi, izidingo ezengeziwe zokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ezikhethiwe zivame ukubekwa phambili. I-0.08% (efana no-0.42% kuya ku-0.50%) yehliselwe ku-0.05% range (njenge-0.42% kuya ku-0.47%), enganciphisa umthelela wokuguquguquka kokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni emifantwini noma ekushintsheni kokujula kwesendlalelo. Umbhali uhlaziye insimbi engama-45 evela emithonjeni eyahlukahlukene yokucima isithando somlilo oshisayo we-crankshaft, futhi wathola ukuthi ngaphansi kwencazelo efanayo yenqubo, ukujula kwesendlalelo kuhluke kakhulu. Isizathu sihlobene noMn wezinto nokuqukethwe kukaCr noNi ekungcoleni. . Ngaphezu kwalokho, phakathi kwezinto zokungcola zensimbi yangaphandle, okuqukethwe kweCr neNi kuvame ukuphakama kunalokho okwenziwe ngensimbi yasekhaya. Ngakho-ke, imiphumela ecimayo ivame ukwehluka. Leli phuzu kumele linakwe.

5) Izidingo zokujula kwe-Decarburization zensimbi ebandayo ebunjiwe. Lapho kusetshenziswe insimbi ebandayo ukucisha i isithando sokushisa sangaphakathi, kunezidingo zokujula okuphelele kwe-decarburization ngaphezulu. Ngokuvamile, ukujula kwenani le-decarburization ohlangothini ngalunye kufanele kube ngaphansi kuka-1% wobubanzi bebha noma ubukhulu bepuleti lensimbi. Ubulukhuni boqweqwe lwekhabhoni oluncikile buphansi kakhulu ngemuva kokucima, ngakho-ke insimbi ebandayo ebunjiwe kufanele ibe phansi ukuze kususwe ungqimba lwekhabhoni olungenamikhono ngaphambi kokuhlola ukuqina okucimayo.