Kugwiritsa Ntchito Njira ya Kuthamanga Kwapamwamba Kwambiri Zida pa Piston Piston of Automobile Engines

Piston Pin (Dzina la Chingerezi: Piston Pin) ndi pini yozungulira yomwe imayikidwa pa siketi ya pistoni. Gawo lake lapakati limadutsa pabowo laling’ono lamutu la ndodo yolumikizira kuti ilumikizane ndi pisitoni ndi ndodo yolumikizira ndikutumiza mphamvu ya mpweya yomwe pisitoni imanyamula kuti ilumikizane. Pofuna kuchepetsa kulemera, zikhomo za pistoni nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo chapamwamba kwambiri komanso chopanda kanthu. Maonekedwe a pulagi pini ndi yosavuta, makamaka yokhuthala yokhala ndi mipanda yopanda kanthu. Mbowo wamkati uli ndi mawonekedwe a cylindrical, mawonekedwe amtundu wa truncated cone ndi mawonekedwe ophatikizidwa. Mabowo a cylindrical ndi osavuta kukonza, koma piston ya piston ndi yayikulu; unyinji wa pini pisitoni wa magawo awiri truncated cone dzenje ndi ang’onoang’ono, ndipo chifukwa mapindikidwe mphindi kupindika pisitoni pini yaikulu pakati, ili pafupi ndi mtengo wa mphamvu yofanana, koma tapered. Kukonza dzenje ndikovuta. M’mapangidwe awa, pini ya pistoni yokhala ndi dzenje loyambirira lamkati imasankhidwa.

Kagwiritsidwe ntchito:

(1) Pansi pa kutentha kwambiri, pirirani mwamphamvu nthawi ndi nthawi, kupindika ndi kumeta ubweya

(2) Pamwamba pa pini imakhala ndi mikangano komanso kutha.

1. Njira yolephereka: chifukwa cha kupsinjika kwanthawi ndi nthawi, kusweka kwa kutopa komanso kuvala kwakukulu kwapamwamba kumachitika.

Zofunikira pakuchita:

2. Pini ya pisitoni imakhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu nthawi ndi nthawi pansi pa kutentha kwakukulu, ndipo chifukwa pistoni imayenda pang’onopang’ono mu dzenje la pini, zimakhala zovuta kupanga filimu yamafuta opaka mafuta, kotero kuti zokometsera zimakhala zosauka. Pachifukwa ichi, pini ya pistoni iyenera kukhala ndi kukhazikika kokwanira, mphamvu ndi kukana kuvala, ndipo misa iyenera kukhala yaying’ono momwe mungathere. Pini ndi bowo la pini ziyenera kukhala ndi malo oyenera komanso abwino pamwamba. Nthawi zonse, kuuma kwa piston ndikofunikira kwambiri. Ngati pini ya pistoni yapindika ndi kupunduka, mpando wa pistoni ukhoza kuonongeka;

(2) Zili ndi mphamvu zokwanira zolimba;

(3) Lili ndi mphamvu zotopa kwambiri.

3. Zofunikira zaukadaulo

Piston pin luso luso:

①Pamwamba pa piston ya piston ndi carburized, ndipo kuya kwa carburized layer ndi 0.8 ~ 1.2mm. Chosanjikiza cha carburized chiyenera kusinthidwa mofanana kukhala pachimake popanda kusintha mwadzidzidzi.

②Kulimba kwapamtunda ndi 58-64 HRC, ndipo kusiyana kolimba pa pistoni yomweyo kuyenera kukhala ≤3 HRC.

③Kulimba kwa piston pin core ndi 24 mpaka 40 HRC.

④ The microstructure ya carburized wosanjikiza wa piston piston ayenera zabwino singano martensite, kulola pang’ono wogawana kugawira zabwino granular carbides, ndipo palibe ngati singano ndi mosalekeza kugawa maukonde monga ufulu carbides. Mawonekedwe a singano pachimake ayenera kukhala otsika-carbon martensite ndi ferrite.

Poyankha zofunikira ndi zosowa zomwe zili pamwambazi, zipangizo zamakono ndi zipangizo ndizofunikira. Pambuyo pobisala, pini yachitsulo ya carburized imazimitsidwa ndikutenthedwa pa kutentha kochepa. Zikhomo za pistoni zokhala ndi zofunikira zogwirira ntchito zapamwamba zimathandizidwa ndi kuzimitsa kwachiwiri komanso kutenthetsa. Cholinga cha kuzimitsidwa koyamba ndikuchotsa simenti ya maukonde mu wosanjikiza wa simenti ndikuwongolera mawonekedwe apakati; quenching yachiwiri ndi konza kulowetsedwa Wosanjikiza bungwe ndi kupanga wosanjikiza permeable kupeza kuuma mkulu. Piston zikhomo ndi apamwamba aloyi zinthu ayenera kukumana cryogenic chithandizo pambuyo carburizing ndi kuzimitsidwa kuchepetsa kuchuluka anapitiriza austenite mu carburized wosanjikiza, makamaka piston mapini kuti amafuna dimensional bata, ndi cryogenic mankhwala chofunika kulamulira anapitiriza austenite kuchuluka.