Zeziphi iingxaki ezinokubakho xa ukucinywa kucinyiwe kwaye kupholile?

Namhlanje, ndiza kukuthathela ukuba uqonde ukuba iingxaki zokunyanga ubushushu ezinokuthi zenzeke ngexesha lokucinywa kunye nokupholisa inkqubo yokuxolelwa ikakhulu: kukuqaqadeka okwaneleyo emva kokucima, ubulukhuni obungalinganiyo kwimeko yokucinywa, ukungoneli kokuqina kokuqina; ubunzima obugqithisileyo besiseko emva kokucima; ukucima ngokweqile ukucima; ukucima ukuqhekeka; Ukuqaqamba komphezulu akwanelanga emva kokucinywa kweoyile.

Okulandelayo, ndiza kukuxelela ngokweenkcukacha malunga nomgangatho weengxaki kunye nezisombululo zokuxolelwa ngexesha lokucima nokupholisa:

Ukuqina okungonelanga kunye nobunzulu bokuqina bokuqina: Iqondo lokucima elisezantsi lesizathu sokungoneli kokucima ukomelela, ubulukhuni obungalinganiyo kunye nobunzulu bokuqina kokuqina kokuxolela. Nangona kunjalo, ngokwempahla yokwenyani, imilo, ubungakanani kunye neemfuno zonyango lobushushu zezinto zokulibala ezicinywayo, zinokwahlulwa kubushushu obuphezulu Kukho iimeko ezahlukeneyo ezinje ngezinga lokuphola elingonelanga ngokwamanqanaba, inqanaba lokuphola elingonelanga kumanqanaba obushushu aphakathi kunye naphantsi, kunye neqondo lokuphola elingonelanga kumanqanaba obushushu asezantsi. umzekelo. Ukuxolelwa okuncinci naphakathi, ukungqina okwaneleyo kokucima kuhlala kubangelwa kukungoneli kwenqanaba lokuphola kwinqanaba eliphakathi kunye neliphezulu. Xa ukuxolela ngeemodyuli ezinkulu kufuna umaleko onzulu onzima, kubalulekile kakhulu ukonyusa izinga lokupholisa lobushushu obuphantsi. Ukucima ioyile, ngokuthetha ngokubanzi, ioyile ineqonga lefilimu elifutshane, inqanaba lokupholisa ngokukhawuleza kubushushu obuphakathi, kunye neqondo lokupholisa ngokukhawuleza kubushushu obuphantsi, obunokuthi ngokufuthi bufumane ubulukhuni obuphezulu nobufanayo bokucima kunye nobunzulu bokucima obaneleyo.

Indlela yokusebenza kwe-workpiece nayo inefuthe elibalulekileyo kwisiphumo sokucima ukupholisa. Kuyimfuneko ukwenza ukucinywa kweoyile okungacinywanga, kunye nokuxhobisa kunye nokusebenzisa isixhobo esihle sokuxuba ukufumana isiphumo esingcono. Ukunyusa isantya sokupholisa ubushushu obusezantsi besixhobo sokucima esisetyenzisiweyo kunokunyusa ubunzulu boluhlu oluqinileyo. Kwimeko yosasazo lwekhabhoni olufanayo kumaleko oxineneyo, ukusetyenziswa kweoyile ecimayo enezinga eliphezulu lokupholisa ubushushu kuthanda ukufumana umaleko wokucima onzima oqinileyo. Ke ngoko, ukusetyenziswa kweoyile ecimayo enesantya esikhawulezayo sokupholisa kunokunciphisa ixesha le-carburizing lomsebenzi ngokufanelekileyo. Unokufumana ubunzulu obufunekayo bokucima kunye nokuqinisa ukoma. Ubunzulu bobunzulu bomaleko obomeleleyo obomeleleyo obufunekayo, kokukhona kubonakala ngokucacileyo isiphumo sale ndlela ekunciphiseni ixesha le-carburizing.

Ubulukhuni besiseko emva kokucima kuphezulu kakhulu: olu hlobo lwengxaki lunokunxulunyaniswa nesantya sokupholisa esikhawulezileyo somgangatho okhethiweyo okanye isantya sokupholisa esisezantsi kakhulu esiphakathi. Esinye sezisombululo kukutshintsha ioyile ecimayo ukuze ihlangabezane neemfuno. Indlela yesibini kukunxibelelana nomenzi wokucima okuphakathi kwaye ungeze izongezo ezifanelekileyo ukunciphisa izinga lokupholisa ioyile ecimayo kubushushu obuphakathi kunye nobuphantsi. Indlela yesithathu kukutshintshela kwisinyithi ngobulukhuni obusezantsi.

Ukucima ingxaki yokuchasana: Ukucima i-deformation kubangele ukuba iifektri ezininzi ziqiqe. Ngokwesiko, isisombululo kwingxaki ye-deformation ihlala ibandakanya amasebe amaninzi, kwaye isisombululo sihlala siyindlela ebanzi. Oyena nobangela uphambili woko kushukuxa kubangelwa kukungonelisi kwenqanaba lokupholisa nokungalingani, kwaye kwesi sizathu, isisombululo indlela yokunyusa izinga lokupholisa nokuzama ukufezekisa ukupholisa okufanayo. Amanyathelo okonyusa izinga lokupholisa elicimayo kufuneka longezwe kuphela xa amanyathelo akwelinye icala ekhethwe ngokufanelekileyo. Ingasombulula ingxaki yokucima ukususwa koninzi lokuxolelwa. Umzekelo, ukugoba komngxunya wangaphakathi wokujija kudla ngokubangelwa kukungoneli kobushushu obuphezulu beoyile ekhethiweyo yokucima, okanye inqanaba lefilimu leoyile. Ukonyusa izinga lokupholisa ubushushu obuphezulu beoyile kunye nokwandisa izinga lokupholisa ioyile kuyo yonke inkqubo yokupholisa inokusombulula ngokubanzi ingxaki yokuvela komngxunya wangaphakathi we-spline. Ukuxolelwa, ngakumbi ukuxolela okuthe ngqo, ukhetho olulungileyo kunye nokusetyenziswa kweoyile yokucima isothermal ngumlinganiso obalulekileyo wokulawula deformation.

Ukucima ukuqhekeka kokuxolelwa: Le ngxaki ibakho ikakhulu xa kucinywa ubushushu. Khetha indawo elungileyo yokucima amanzi, efana ne-PAG yokucima indawo esetyenziswa ngokuxhaphakileyo ekhaya nakumazwe aphesheya ukubuyisela amanzi aphuma etepini, ingxaki iya kusonjululwa. I-PAG eliphakathi lisetyenziselwa ukufudumeza induction kunye nokucima. Ukuqina okuphezulu kunye nokulinganayo kokucima kunye nokuzinza okuqinileyo kunye nokuzinzileyo kunokufunyanwa, kwaye umngcipheko wokucima ukuqhekeka kuncinci kakhulu.

Ingxaki yokuqaqamba: Ngamaxesha apho kufuneka eli candelo, ioyile ecimayo ecothayo okanye ioyile ecimayo ekhawulezayo kufuneka isetyenziswe. Ngokubanzi, inqanaba lokupholisa ioyile ecimayo yokuqaqambisa ayiphezulu ngokwaneleyo ukuba ukuqaqamba kweoyile ecimayo yokuqaqamba kulungile, kunye nokuqaqamba kweoyile ecimayo enezinga eliphezulu lokupholisa ayonelanga. Ukongeza, ukukhanya kweoyile eshushu ngokubanzi kuhlwempuzekile. Ungalutshintsha ioyile okanye ukongeza izongezo ukuphucula ukukhanya.