/ Kwenzeka njani ukuba ifayile ye- ukuchithwa kwesithando somlilo ukwenza intsimbi?

Eyokuqala kukulungiselela ukwenziwa kwentsimbi kwisithando somlilo sokunyibilikisa:

1. Xa ulungiselela i-steelmaking, umsebenzi wokuhlola kwangaphambili akufanele uhoywe. Kufuneka uqale uqonde imeko yesithando somlilo, ukuba ngaba izixhobo zokuvelisa zigqityiwe, nokuba i-induction melting panel ye-furnace iyinto eqhelekileyo.

2. Zonke iziseko ezimbini zesithando somlilo ziseti, kunye neemveliso eziyimfuneko ezifana ne-ferrosilicon, i-manganese ephakathi, i-slag yokwenziwa, i-agent yokulondoloza ukushisa, njl. Kufuneka ilungiswe kwindawo kwaye ibekwe phakathi kwesithando somlilo.

3. Izinto zensimbi kufuneka zibe kwindawo, kwaye isithando somlilo asikwazi ukuqaliswa ukuba izinto zensimbi azilungiswanga ngokupheleleyo.

4. Nika ingqalelo kwi-bedding ye-rubber ye-rubber ye-induction melting furnace, kwaye inqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukushiya naziphi na izikhewu.

Okwesibini ingqwalasela xa i-induction melting melting steelmaking ingena kwinqanaba lokuvelisa:

1. Umaleko omtsha weziko uya kubhakwa ngokungqinelana neemfuno zenkqubo yokubhaka iziko elitsha, kwaye ixesha lokubhaka kufuneka libe ngaphezulu kweeyure ezi-2.

2. Okokuqala yongeza ikomityi encinci yokufunxa kwiziko ukukhusela i-furnace lining. Akuvumelekile ukuba ungeze ngokuthe ngqo iziqwenga ezinkulu zezinto kwisithando somlilo esingenanto, uze uvule umbane. Ngeli xesha, umsebenzi wangaphambili wesithando somlilo kufuneka wongeze izinto ezincinci ezihlakazekileyo ezijikeleze isithando somlilo ngexesha, kwaye kunqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukulahla. I-stove top kunye ne-silicon steel sheet punch zivunyelwe kuphela ukusetyenziswa ngexesha le-oven, kwaye azivumelekanga ukuba zisetyenziswe ngexesha lokuphumla.

3. I-disk hoist iphakamisa izinto kwisitovu ukusuka kwi-stockyard, kwaye abasebenzi bangaphambili bahlela isinyithi esilahliweyo. Izinto ezikhethiweyo ezinokutsha kunye neziqhushumbisi zibekwe ngokuthe ngqo kwibhokisi yokuqokelela ekhethekileyo kwaye ibhaliswe kwaye iqinisekiswe ngokhuseleko lwesitofu.

4. Ibhokisi ekhethekileyo yokuqokelela izinto ezinokutsha kunye neziqhushumbisi zifakwe phakathi kweeseti ezimbini zeziseko zesithando somlilo, kwaye akukho mntu unokuyihambisa ngokuthanda.

5. Ukutya phambi kwesithando somlilo ikakhulu kukutya okwenziwa ngesandla. Emva kokuba i-scrap yesitovu ihlelwe ngononophelo, ubude bezinto eziphathekayo bungaphantsi kwe-400mm, kwaye izinto ezikhethwe ngononophelo ngumphathi wesithando somlilo zinokongezwa ngekomityi yokufunxa. Umlawuli wokuqhuba uncinci kwisihlalo somlilo ngasinye. I-Furnace master, ukuba abanye abantu bayala indebe yokufunxa yokuqhuba ukuba idle, umqhubi wokuqhuba akavumelekanga ukuba adle.

6. Umlinganiselo wokutyisa wekomityi yokufunxa kufuneka ulawulwe. Emva kokongeza, intsimbi ye-scrap ayivumelekanga ukuba idlule ubuso bomlomo wesithando somlilo we-induction melting. Iintsimbi ezilahliweyo ezithe saa emlonyeni wesithando somlilo kufuneka zicocwe ngeekomityi zokufunxa. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokutya, indawo ejikelezileyo yesithando sokunyibilikisa i-induction kufuneka igcinwe icocekile ukukhusela intsimbi yentsimbi ekuweni kwaye ibangele ukutsha kwekhoyili ye-induction okanye i-cable joint.

7. Kunqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukufumba isixa esikhulu sentsimbi ye-scrap eqongeni, kwaye inani elipheleleyo lilawulwa ngaphakathi kweekomityi ezi-3 zokufunxa ukunciphisa ubunzima bokuhlelwa kwe-scrap.

8. Xa kwenzeka ukuqhuma, umqhubi kufuneka aphendule ngokukhawuleza umva wakhe emlonyeni wesithando somlilo, kwaye ngokukhawuleza asuke kwindawo.

9. Ngethuba lenkqubo yokutya kwangaphambili, izinto ezide kunye ezinkulu kufuneka zifakwe kwaye zongezwe kwisithando somlilo ukuze zinyibilike kwi-pool etyhidiweyo ngokukhawuleza. Akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo ukuzongeza ngokuthe kratya ukuze kubangele ibhuloho. Ukuba i-furnace material ifunyenwe ibhuloho, ibhuloho kufuneka ichithwe ngaphakathi kwemizuzu emi-3. Umrhumo unyibilika ngokukhawuleza kwidama elityhidiweyo. Ukuba ibhulorho ayinakutshatyalaliswa ngaphakathi kwemizuzu emi-3, umbane kufuneka unqunyulwe okanye ibhuloho kufuneka itshatyalaliswe kwindawo yokulondoloza ubushushu ngaphambi kokuba umbane uthunyelwe ukunyibilika okuqhelekileyo.

10. Kwesinye isinyithi esilahliweyo esityebileyo kwaye sidinga abantu abangaphezu kwe-2 ukuba bangene esithandweni somlilo, akuvunyelwe ngokungqongqo ukuphosa esithandweni. Utshintsho kufuneka lwenziwe kumda wesithando somlilo, kwaye emva koko utyhalelwe ngokucophelela kwisithando somlilo.

11. I-tubular scrap yongezwa kwisithando somlilo, kwaye umlomo ophezulu wombhobho kufuneka ube kwicala lokubetha, kwaye akuvumelekanga ukuba ube kwicala lomsebenzi owenziwe ngumntu.

Kwintsimbi ebandayo kunye ne-short-end eqhubekayo yokuphosa i-slabs kwi-slag ladle kunye ne-tundish, isinyithi esityhidiweyo kwisithando somlilo se-induction kufuneka songezwe ngokuthe tye emva kokuba insimbi etyhidiweyo ifikelele ngaphezu kwe-2/3, kwaye ayivumelekanga ukubetha isithando somlilo. umgca.

13. Xa intsimbi etyhidiweyo kwisithando somlilo se-induction ifikelela ngaphezu kwe-70%, thabatha iisampulu zokuhlalutya. Iisampuli aziyi kuba neziphene ezifana nemingxuma eyanciphayo, kwaye akukho mivalo yentsimbi iya kufakwa kwiikomityi zesampula. Emva kokuba iziphumo zemichiza yeesampuli ziphuma, abasebenzi abalungisa izinto baya kusekela imeko ebanzi yeziko ezimbini. Qinisekisa ubungakanani be-alloy eyongeziweyo.

14. Ukuba umphumo wohlalutyo lweekhemikhali phambi kwesithando somlilo ubonisa ukuba i-carbon iphezulu, yongeza i-iron oxide nuggets ye-decarburization; ukuba ibonisa ukuba i-carbon iphantsi, yongeza ezinye iintsimbi zehagu ukuze ziphinde zifakwe kwi-recarburization; ukuba i-sulfure ephakathi kweziko ezimbini zingaphantsi okanye zilingana ne-0.055%, iiraki ziya kuphelelwa ngexesha lokucofa. I-slag ene-oxidized, yandisa inani le-slag yokwenziwa okongeziweyo kwi-desulfurization. Ngeli xesha, iqondo lokushisa lokubetha kwentsimbi kufuneka linyuswe ngokufanelekileyo. Ukuba i-sulfure ephakathi kweziko zombini yi-≥0.055%, intsimbi etyhidiweyo kufuneka iphathwe kwisithando somlilo esahlukileyo, oko kukuthi, inxalenye yentsimbi etyhidiweyo ephezulu yesulfure igalelwe kwi-ladle Yifake kwezinye iziko, uze ungeze ezinye. I-silicon sheet yentsimbi igqobhoza kwiziko ezibini zokunyibilikisa emva koko ukucofa. Kwimeko ye-phosphorus ephezulu, inokucutshungulwa kuphela kwisithando somlilo esahlukileyo.

15. Emva kokuba yonke insimbi ye-scrap kwisithando somlilo iyancibilika, iqela eliphambi kwesithando somlilo liya kugubha isithando somlilo ukugalela i-slag. Emva kokuthulula i-slag, kunqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukubeka i-fut, oil, painted and tubular scrap kwisithando somlilo. Izinto ezomileyo nezicocekileyo zikwinkqubo yokunyibilikiswa. Kufuneka ilungiswe. Emva kokuba insimbi etyhidiweyo kwisithando somlilo igcwele, hlambulula i-slag kwakhona. Emva kokucoca, ngokukhawuleza yongeza i-alloy ukulungisa ukubunjwa. Intsimbi inokutsalwa ngaphezu kwemizuzu engama-3 emva kokuba i-alloy yongezwe. Injongo kukwenza i-alloy ibe nokwakheka okufanayo kwisithando somlilo.

16. Ubushushu bokubetha: Ukuphosa okuphezulu okuqhubekayo 1650-1690; intsimbi etyhidiweyo malunga ne-1450.

17. Ukulinganisa ubushushu bentsimbi etyhidiweyo phambi kwesithando somlilo, kwaye ulawule i-curve yokuhambisa amandla ngokweqondo lokushisa lokucofa kunye nexesha lokucofa elifunekayo ukuphosa okuqhubekayo. Akuvumelekanga ngokungqongqo ukugcina isithando sokunyibilika se-induction kwinqanaba eliphezulu lobushushu (iqondo lokubamba lilawulwa ngaphantsi kwe-1600 ℃)

18. Ubushushu buphakama ngokukhawuleza emva kokufumana isaziso sokucofa intsimbi eqhubekayo. Izinga lokufudumala kwe-furnace yokuncibilika kwe-induction kwimeko ye-liquid epheleleyo: malunga ne-20 ℃ / min phambi kwee-furnaces ze-20; malunga ne-30 ℃ / min kwii-furnaces ze-20-40; malunga ne-30 ℃/min kwiziko ngaphezulu kwe-40 Yi-40 ° C / min. Ngexesha elifanayo, qaphela ukuba ukuphakama kweqondo lokushisa kwisithando somlilo, ngokukhawuleza izinga lokushisa.

19. Xa kubethwa iziko lokuqala, kwongezwa i-100 kg ye-slag eyenziweyo kulondolozo lobushushu, kwaye emva kokubethwa kwesibini, i-50 kg ye-arhente yokugquma yongezwa kwiladi yokugcina ubushushu.

20. Emva kokuba i-furnace yokuncibilika kwe-induction igqityiwe, jonga imeko ye-lining ngokucophelela, kwaye inqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukugalela amanzi kwisithando somlilo ukuze uphole; ukuba ezinye iindawo zesithando somlilo zixutywe kakhulu, isithando somlilo kufuneka silungiswe ngokucophelela ngaphambi kokuba siqalise isithando somlilo, kwaye isithando somlilo kufuneka silinde kwisithando somlilo emva kokulungiswa. Ukutya kunokwenziwa kuphela emva kokuba onke amanzi engumphunga. Okokuqala, yongeza ikomityi yokufunxa i-silicon punch yensimbi eziko, kwaye wongeze ezinye izilaphu. Isithando somlilo sokuqala emva kokulungiswa kwesithando somlilo kufuneka silawule i-curve yonikezelo lwamandla, ukwenzela ukuba i-furnace lining inenkqubo ye-sintering ukuqinisekisa ukulungiswa Ngenxa yesiphumo sesithando somlilo, kunqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukongeza inkunkuma enkulu kwisithando somlilo ngokukhawuleza emva kokulungiswa komlilo. eziko.

21. Ngethuba lenkqubo yonke yokuvelisa, kunqatshelwe ngokungqongqo ukuveza ipaneli yesithando somlilo ngaphandle, kwaye i-rubber ye-insulating kufuneka ithathelwe indawo ngexesha ukuba iyonakaliswe.