Melting, refining and deoxidation of steel and scrap

Bayan cajin ya narke sosai, ba a aiwatar da decarburization da tafasa gabaɗaya. Kodayake yana yiwuwa a ƙara foda mai ma’adinai ko busa iskar oxygen don decarburize, akwai matsaloli da yawa kuma yana da wuya a tabbatar da rayuwar rufin tanderun. Amma ga dephosphorization da desulfurization, dephosphorization ne m ba zai yiwu a cikin tanderu; Ana iya cire wani ɓangare na sulfur a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi, amma a farashi mai yawa. Sabili da haka, hanyar da ta fi dacewa ita ce carbon, sulfur, da phosphorus a cikin sinadaran sun dace da bukatun karfe.

Deoxidation shine mafi mahimmancin aikin narkar da tanda. Domin samun sakamako mai kyau na deoxidation, slag tare da abun da ke ciki ya kamata a fara zaba. Ƙunƙarar murhun wutar lantarki yana da ƙananan zafin jiki, don haka ya kamata a zaɓi slag tare da ƙarancin narkewa da kwarara mai kyau. Yawancin lokaci 70% lemun tsami da 30% fluorite ana amfani dashi azaman kayan slag na alkaline. Tun da fluorite ya ci gaba da jujjuyawa yayin aikin narkewa, yakamata a sake cika shi a kowane lokaci. Koyaya, la’akari da tasirin lalata da tasirin shigar fluorite akan crucible, adadin kari bai kamata yayi yawa ba.

Lokacin da ke narkewar maki na ƙarfe tare da ƙaƙƙarfan buƙatu don haɗa abun ciki, yakamata a cire farkon slag kuma a samar da sabon slag, adadin wanda shine kusan 3% na adadin kayan. A lokacin da ake narka wasu gami da ke ɗauke da abubuwa masu ƙarfi da sauƙi (kamar aluminum), ana iya amfani da cakuda gishirin tebur da potassium chloride ko crystal dutse a matsayin kayan ƙera. Za su iya da sauri samar da bakin ciki slag a kan karfe surface, game da shi ware karfe daga iska da kuma rage hadawan abu da iskar shaka asarar alloying abubuwa.

Tanderun shigar da ita na iya ɗaukar hanyar deoxidation na hazo ko hanyar dioxidation hanyar watsawa. Lokacin ɗaukar hanyar deoxidation na hazo, yana da kyau a yi amfani da deoxidizer mai hade; don watsawa deoxidizer, carbon foda, aluminum foda, silicon calcium foda da aluminum lemun tsami ana amfani. Domin inganta yaduwar deoxidation dauki, ya kamata a matse harsashin slag akai-akai yayin aikin narkewa. Koyaya, don hana diffusion deoxidizer shiga cikin narkakkar karfe da yawa, aikin slagging ya kamata a aiwatar da shi bayan narkewa. Ya kamata a ƙara diffusion deoxidizer a cikin batches. Lokacin deoxidation bai kamata ya zama ya fi guntu mino 20 ba

Aluminum lemun tsami an yi shi da 67% aluminum foda da 33% powdered lemun tsami. Lokacin shirya, haɗa lemun tsami da ruwa sannan kuma ƙara foda na aluminum. Dama yayin ƙarawa. Za a saki babban adadin zafi yayin aiwatarwa. Bayan ya hade, bari ya huce kuma yayi hidima. Dole ne a bushe shi da bushe (800Y) kafin amfani, kuma za’a iya amfani dashi bayan kimanin awa 6.

Haɗin narkewar tanderun induction yayi kama da na tanderun baka na lantarki. Ana iya ƙara wasu abubuwan haɗakarwa yayin caji, wasu kuma ana iya ƙarawa yayin lokacin raguwa. Lokacin da slag karfe ya rage gaba daya, ana iya aiwatar da aikin alloying na ƙarshe. Kafin ƙara abubuwa masu sauƙi na oxidizable, za’a iya cire raguwar slag gaba ɗaya ko wani ɓangare don inganta ƙimar dawowa. Saboda tasirin motsa jiki na lantarki, ƙarar ferroalloy gabaɗaya yana narkewa da sauri kuma yana rarrabawa iri ɗaya.

Za’a iya auna zafin zafin jiki kafin taɗawa tare da filogi na thermocouple, kuma za’a iya saka aluminium na ƙarshe kafin taɓawa.