Melting, refining and deoxidation of steel and scrap

Mgbe agbazechara ụgwọ ahụ nke ọma, a naghị arụ ọrụ decarburization na esi nri. Ọ bụ ezie na ọ ga-ekwe omume ịgbakwunye ntụ ntụ ịnweta ma ọ bụ ịfụ oxygen iji decarburize, enwere ọtụtụ nsogbu na ọ siri ike ikwe nkwa ndụ nke mkpuchi ọkụ. N’ihe gbasara dephosphorization na desulfurization, dephosphorization bụ isi agaghị ekwe omume na ọkụ; Enwere ike wepu akụkụ nke sọlfọ n’okpuru ọnọdụ ụfọdụ, mana na ọnụ ahịa dị elu. Ya mere, usoro kachasị mma bụ na carbon, sọlfọ, na phosphorus dị n’ime ihe ndị ahụ na-emezu ihe achọrọ nke ọkwa ígwè.

Deoxidation bụ ọrụ kachasị mkpa nke ịgbaze ọkụ induction. Iji nweta mmetụta deoxidation dị mma, a ga-ebu ụzọ họrọ slag nwere ngwakọta kwesịrị ekwesị. Ọkụ ọkụ induction slag nwere obere okpomọkụ, ya mere, a ga-ahọrọ slag nwere ebe mgbaze dị ala na nke ọma. Ọtụtụ mgbe, 70% lime na 30% fluorite na-eji dị ka ihe alkaline slag. Ebe ọ bụ na fluorite na-aga n’ihu na-aga n’ihu n’oge usoro mgbaze, a ga-ejupụta ya n’oge ọ bụla. Otú ọ dị, na-atụle mmetụta corrosive na ntinye ntinye nke fluorite na crucible, ego mgbakwunye ekwesịghị ịbụ nke ukwuu.

Mgbe ị na-agbaze akara nchara na ihe siri ike chọrọ maka ọdịnaya nsonye, ​​a ga-ewepụ slag mbụ ma mepụta slag ọhụrụ, nke ọnụ ọgụgụ ya bụ ihe dịka 3% nke ihe onwunwe. Mgbe ị na-agbaze ụfọdụ alloys nwere ihe dị elu ma dị mfe oxidizable (dị ka aluminom), ngwakọta nke nnu tebụl na potassium chloride ma ọ bụ nkume kristal nwere ike iji dị ka ihe na-egbu egbu. Ha nwere ike ịmepụta slag dị mkpa ngwa ngwa n’elu igwe, si otú ahụ kewapụ ígwè ahụ n’ikuku ma belata nkwụsị nke ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe.

Ọkụ induction nwere ike ịnwe usoro deoxidation mmiri ozuzo ma ọ bụ usoro deoxidation mgbasa. Mgbe ị na-agbaso usoro deoxidation mmiri ozuzo, ọ kacha mma iji deoxidizer mejupụtara; maka mgbasa deoxidizer, carbon ntụ ntụ, aluminum ntụ ntụ, silicon calcium ntụ ntụ na aluminum wayo na-eji. Iji kwalite mmeghachi omume deoxidation mgbasa, ekwesịrị ịsacha shei slag ugboro ugboro n’oge usoro mgbaze. Otú ọ dị, iji gbochie mgbasa nke deoxidizer ịbanye n’ime nchara a wụrụ awụ n’ọtụtụ buru ibu, a ga-arụ ọrụ slagging mgbe agbaze ya. Ekwesịrị ịgbakwunye deoxidizer mgbasa na batches. Oge deoxidation ekwesịghị ịbụ mkpụmkpụ karịa 20 min

A na-eme lime aluminom nke 67% ntụ ntụ aluminom na 33% ntụ ntụ. Mgbe ị na-akwadebe, jikọta wayo na mmiri wee gbakwunye ntụ ntụ aluminum. Tinyegharịa mgbe ị na-agbakwụnye. A ga-ahapụ nnukwu okpomọkụ n’oge usoro ahụ. Mgbe agwakọtachara, hapụ ya ka ọ dị jụụ ma jee ozi. A ghaghị ikpo ọkụ ma kpoo ya (800Y) tupu ejiri ya, enwere ike iji ya mee ihe mgbe ihe dị ka awa 6 gachara.

Ngwakọta nke ọkụ induction ịgbaze dị ka nke ọkụ arc eletrik. Enwere ike ịgbakwunye ụfọdụ ihe na-ekekọta ihe n’oge ịchaji, yana ụfọdụ nwere ike ịgbakwunye n’oge oge mbelata. Mgbe slag ígwè ahụ na-ebelata kpamkpam, enwere ike ịrụ ọrụ njedebe ikpeazụ. Tupu ịgbakwunye ihe ndị dị mfe oxidizable, mbelata slag nwere ike wepụ kpamkpam ma ọ bụ akụkụ ụfọdụ iji meziwanye ọnụego mgbake. N’ihi mmetụta nke mkpali electromagnetic, ferroalloy agbakwunyere na-agbaze ngwa ngwa ma na-ekesa karịa otu.

Enwere ike tụọ okpomọkụ tupu ịpịa ya na thermocouple nkwụnye, na aluminom ikpeazụ nwere ike itinye tupu ịpịa.