Melting, refining and deoxidation of steel and scrap

Tom qab tus nqi tag nrho melted, decarburization thiab boiling feem ntau tsis nqa tawm. Txawm hais tias nws muaj peev xwm ntxiv cov hmoov ntxhia los yog tshuab oxygen rau decarburize, muaj ntau yam teeb meem thiab nws nyuaj rau lav lub neej ntawm lub qhov cub hauv ob sab phlu. Raws li rau dephosphorization thiab desulfurization, dephosphorization yeej tsis tau nyob rau hauv qhov cub; ib feem ntawm sulfur tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm hauv qee yam mob, tab sis ntawm tus nqi siab. Yog li, txoj kev tsim nyog tshaj plaws yog cov pa roj carbon, sulfur, thiab phosphorus hauv cov khoom xyaw ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm qib steel.

Deoxidation yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws ntawm induction rauv smelting. Txhawm rau kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig zoo deoxidation, cov slag nrog cov khoom tsim nyog yuav tsum raug xaiv ua ntej. Induction furnace slag muaj qhov kub thiab txias, yog li slag nrog qhov qis melting point thiab zoo txaus yuav tsum tau xaiv. Feem ntau 70% txiv qaub thiab 30% fluorite yog siv los ua cov khoom alkaline slag. Txij li thaum fluorite volatilizes tsis tu ncua thaum lub sij hawm smelting txheej txheem, nws yuav tsum tau refilled txhua lub sij hawm. Txawm li cas los xij, xav txog cov nyhuv corrosive thiab nkag mus rau fluorite ntawm lub crucible, cov nyiaj ntxiv yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau dhau.

Thaum smelting steel qib nrog nruj raws li cov ntsiab lus suav nrog, lub slag thaum ntxov yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm thiab cov slag tshiab yuav tsum tau tsim, tus nqi ntawm cov khoom yog li 3% ntawm cov khoom kom muaj nuj nqis. Thaum smelting tej alloys uas muaj siab thiab yooj yim oxidizable ntsiab (xws li txhuas), sib tov ntawm cov lus ntsev thiab poov tshuaj chloride los yog siv lead ua pob zeb yuav siv tau raws li cov khoom slagging. Lawv tuaj yeem tsim cov slag nyias nyias ntawm cov hlau nto, yog li cais cov hlau los ntawm huab cua thiab txo cov oxidation poob ntawm alloying ntsiab.

Lub tshuab hluav taws xob induction tuaj yeem txais cov txheej txheem nag lossis daus deoxidation lossis diffusion deoxidation txoj kev. Thaum siv cov txheej txheem nag lossis daus deoxidation, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los siv cov khoom sib xyaw deoxidizer; rau diffusion deoxidizer, carbon hmoov, txhuas hmoov, silicon calcium hmoov thiab txhuas txiv qaub yog siv. Txhawm rau txhawb cov tshuaj tiv thaiv diffusion deoxidation, lub plhaub slag yuav tsum tau mashed nquag thaum lub sij hawm smelting. Txawm li cas los xij, txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov diffusion deoxidizer los ntawm kev nkag mus rau hauv cov hlau molten hauv ntau, kev ua haujlwm slagging yuav tsum tau ua tom qab nws melting. Lub diffusion deoxidizer yuav tsum tau ntxiv rau hauv cov khoom siv. Lub sij hawm deoxidation yuav tsum tsis txhob luv tshaj 20 mino

Aluminium txiv qaub yog ua los ntawm 67% txhuas hmoov thiab 33% hmoov txiv qaub. Thaum npaj, sib tov cov txiv qaub nrog dej thiab ntxiv cov hmoov txhuas. Do thaum ntxiv. Cov cua kub ntau yuav raug tso tawm thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm. Tom qab sib tov, cia nws txias thiab pab. Nws yuav tsum tau rhaub thiab qhuav (800Y) ua ntej siv, thiab nws tuaj yeem siv tom qab li 6 teev.

Lub alloying ntawm induction rauv smelting yog zoo ib yam li cov hluav taws xob arc rauv. Qee cov ntsiab lus alloying tuaj yeem ntxiv thaum them nyiaj, thiab qee qhov tuaj yeem ntxiv thaum lub sijhawm txo. Thaum cov hlau slag raug txo kom tiav, qhov kawg alloying ua haujlwm tuaj yeem nqa tawm. Ua ntej ntxiv cov ntsiab lus oxidizable yooj yim, qhov txo qis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm tag nrho lossis ib nrab los txhim kho tus nqi rov qab. Vim cov nyhuv ntawm electromagnetic stirring, cov ferroalloy ntxiv feem ntau melts sai dua thiab faib ntau uniformly.

Qhov ntsuas kub ua ntej tapping tuaj yeem ntsuas nrog lub plug-in thermocouple, thiab qhov kawg txhuas tuaj yeem muab tso ua ntej tapping.